/// A trait for reading references to [`Pod`] types from a block of data. /// /// This allows parsers to handle both of these cases: /// - the block of data exists in memory, and it is desirable /// to use references to this block instead of copying it, /// - the block of data exists in storage, and it is desirable /// to read on demand to minimize I/O and memory usage. /// /// A block of data typically exists in memory as a result of using a memory /// mapped file, and the crate was written with this use case in mind. /// Reading the entire file into a `Vec` is also possible, but it often uses /// more I/O and memory. /// Both of these are handled by the `ReadRef` implementation for `&[u8]`. /// /// For the second use case, the `ReadRef` trait is implemented for /// [`&ReadCache`](super::ReadCache). This is useful for environments where /// memory mapped files are not available or not suitable, such as WebAssembly. /// This differs from reading into a `Vec` in that it only reads the portions /// of the file that are needed for parsing. /// /// The methods accept `self` by value because `Self` is expected to behave /// similar to a reference: it may be a reference with a lifetime of `'a`, /// or it may be a wrapper of a reference. /// /// The `Clone` and `Copy` bounds are for convenience, and since `Self` is /// expected to be similar to a reference, these are easily satisfied. /// /// Object file parsers typically use offsets to locate the structures /// in the block, and will most commonly use the `*_at` methods to /// read a structure at a known offset. /// /// Occasionally file parsers will need to treat the block as a stream, /// and so convenience methods are provided that update an offset with /// the size that was read. // // An alternative would be for methods to accept `&mut self` and use a // `seek` method instead of the `offset` parameters, but this is less // convenient for implementers. pubtrait ReadRef<'a>: Clone + Copy { /// The total size of the block of data. fn len(self) -> Result<u64>;
/// Get a reference to a `u8` slice at the given offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. fn read_bytes_at(self, offset: u64, size: u64) -> Result<&'a [u8]>;
/// Get a reference to a delimited `u8` slice which starts at range.start. /// /// Does not include the delimiter. /// /// Returns an error if the range is out of bounds or the delimiter is /// not found in the range. fn read_bytes_at_until(self, range: Range<u64>, delimiter: u8) -> Result<&'a [u8]>;
/// Get a reference to a `u8` slice at the given offset, and update the offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. fn read_bytes(self, offset: &mut u64, size: u64) -> Result<&e='color:blue'>'a [u8]> { let bytes = self.read_bytes_at(*offset, size)?;
*offset = offset.wrapping_add(size);
Ok(bytes)
}
/// Get a reference to a `Pod` type at the given offset, and update the offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. /// /// The default implementation uses `read_bytes`, and returns an error if /// `read_bytes` does not return bytes with the correct alignment for `T`. /// Implementors may want to provide their own implementation that ensures /// the alignment can be satisfied. Alternatively, only use this method with /// types that do not need alignment (see the `unaligned` feature of this crate). fn read<T: Pod>(self, offset: &mut u64) -> Result<&'a T> { let size = mem::size_of::<T>().try_into().map_err(|_| ())?; let bytes = self.read_bytes(offset, size)?; let (t, _) = from_bytes(bytes)?;
Ok(t)
}
/// Get a reference to a `Pod` type at the given offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. /// /// Also see the `read` method for information regarding alignment of `T`. fn read_at<T: Pod>(self, mut offset: u64) -> Result<&'a T> { self.read(&mut offset)
}
/// Get a reference to a slice of a `Pod` type at the given offset, and update the offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. /// /// Also see the `read` method for information regarding alignment of `T`. fn read_slice<T: Pod>(self, offset: &mut u64, count: usize) -> Result<&pan style='color:blue'>'a [T]> { let size = count
.checked_mul(mem::size_of::<T>())
.ok_or(())?
.try_into()
.map_err(|_| ())?; let bytes = self.read_bytes(offset, size)?; let (t, _) = slice_from_bytes(bytes, count)?;
Ok(t)
}
/// Get a reference to a slice of a `Pod` type at the given offset. /// /// Returns an error if offset or size are out of bounds. /// /// Also see the `read` method for information regarding alignment of `T`. fn read_slice_at<T: Pod>(self, mut offset: u64, count: usize) -> Result<&'a [T]> { self.read_slice(&mut offset, count)
}
}
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