//! De/Serialization for Rust's builtin and std types
usecrate::prelude::*;
/// Makes a distinction between a missing, unset, or existing value /// /// Some serialization formats make a distinction between missing fields, fields with a `null` /// value, and existing values. One such format is JSON. By default it is not easily possible to /// differentiate between a missing value and a field which is `null`, as they deserialize to the /// same value. This helper changes it, by using an `Option<Option<T>>` to deserialize into. /// /// * `None`: Represents a missing value. /// * `Some(None)`: Represents a `null` value. /// * `Some(Some(value))`: Represents an existing value. /// /// Note: This cannot be made compatible to `serde_as`, since skipping of values is only available on the field level. /// A hypothetical `DoubleOption<T>` with a `SerializeAs` implementation would allow writing something like this. /// This cannot work, since there is no way to tell the `Vec` to skip the inner `DoubleOption` if it is `None`. /// /// ```rust /// # #[cfg(FALSE)] { /// # struct Foobar { /// #[serde_as(as = "Vec<DoubleOption<_>>")] /// data: Vec<Option<Option<i32>>>, /// # } /// # } /// ``` /// /// # Examples /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; /// # /// # #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct Doc { /// #[serde( /// default, // <- important for deserialization /// skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none", // <- important for serialization /// with = "::serde_with::rust::double_option", /// )] /// a: Option<Option<u8>>, /// } /// // Missing Value /// let s = r#"{}"#; /// assert_eq!(Doc { a: None }, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// assert_eq!(s, serde_json::to_string(&Doc { a: None }).unwrap()); /// /// // Unset Value /// let s = r#"{"a":null}"#; /// assert_eq!(Doc { a: Some(None) }, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// assert_eq!(s, serde_json::to_string(&Doc { a: Some(None) }).unwrap()); /// /// // Existing Value /// let s = r#"{"a":5}"#; /// assert_eq!(Doc { a: Some(Some(5)) }, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// assert_eq!(s, serde_json::to_string(&Doc { a: Some(Some(5)) }).unwrap()); /// ``` #[allow(clippy::option_option)] pubmod double_option { usesuper::*;
/// Serialize inner value if [`Some`]`(T)`. If [`None`], serialize the unit struct `()`. /// /// When used in conjunction with `skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none"` and /// `default`, you can build an optional value by skipping if it is [`None`], or serializing its /// inner value if [`Some`]`(T)`. /// /// Not all serialization formats easily support optional values. /// While JSON uses the [`Option`] type to represent optional values and only serializes the inner /// part of the [`Some`]`()`, other serialization formats, such as [RON][], choose to serialize the /// [`Some`] around a value. /// This helper helps building a truly optional value for such serializers. /// /// [RON]: https://github.com/ron-rs/ron /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; /// # /// # #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct Doc { /// mandatory: usize, /// #[serde( /// default, // <- important for deserialization /// skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none", // <- important for serialization /// with = "::serde_with::rust::unwrap_or_skip", /// )] /// optional: Option<usize>, /// } /// /// // Transparently add/remove Some() wrapper /// # let pretty_config = ron::ser::PrettyConfig::new() /// # .new_line("\n".into()); /// let s = r#"( /// mandatory: 1, /// optional: 2, /// )"#; /// let v = Doc { /// mandatory: 1, /// optional: Some(2), /// }; /// assert_eq!(v, ron::de::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// assert_eq!(s, ron::ser::to_string_pretty(&v, pretty_config).unwrap()); /// /// // Missing values are deserialized as `None` /// // while `None` values are skipped during serialization. /// # let pretty_config = ron::ser::PrettyConfig::new() /// # .new_line("\n".into()); /// let s = r#"( /// mandatory: 1, /// )"#; /// let v = Doc { /// mandatory: 1, /// optional: None, /// }; /// assert_eq!(v, ron::de::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// assert_eq!(s, ron::ser::to_string_pretty(&v, pretty_config).unwrap()); /// ``` pubmod unwrap_or_skip { usesuper::*;
/// Deserialize value wrapped in Some(T) pubfn deserialize<'de, D, T>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Option<T>, D::Error> where
D: Deserializer<'de>,
T: DeserializeOwned,
{
T::deserialize(deserializer).map(Some)
}
/// Serialize value if Some(T), unit struct if None pubfn serialize<T, S>(option: &Option<T>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
T: Serialize,
S: Serializer,
{ iflet Some(value) = option {
value.serialize(serializer)
} else {
().serialize(serializer)
}
}
}
/// Ensure no duplicate values exist in a set. /// /// By default serde has a last-value-wins implementation, if duplicate values for a set exist. /// Sometimes it is desirable to know when such an event happens, as the first value is overwritten /// and it can indicate an error in the serialized data. /// /// This helper returns an error if two identical values exist in a set. /// /// The implementation supports both the [`HashSet`] and the [`BTreeSet`] from the standard library. /// /// # Converting to serde_as /// /// The same functionality can be more clearly expressed using the `serde_as` macro and [`SetPreventDuplicates`]. /// The `_` is a placeholder which works for any type which implements [`Serialize`]/[`Deserialize`]. /// /// ```rust /// # #[cfg(FALSE)] { /// #[serde_as] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct A { /// #[serde_as(as = "SetPreventDuplicates<_, _>")] /// s: HashSet<usize>, /// } /// # } /// ``` /// /// [`HashSet`]: std::collections::HashSet /// [`BTreeSet`]: std::collections::HashSet /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// # use std::collections::HashSet; /// # use serde::Deserialize; /// # /// # #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize)] /// struct Doc { /// #[serde(with = "::serde_with::rust::sets_duplicate_value_is_error")] /// set: HashSet<usize>, /// } /// /// // Sets are serialized normally, /// let s = r#"{"set": [1, 2, 3, 4]}"#; /// let v = Doc { /// set: HashSet::from_iter(vec![1, 2, 3, 4]), /// }; /// assert_eq!(v, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// /// // but create an error if duplicate values, like the `1`, exist. /// let s = r#"{"set": [1, 2, 3, 4, 1]}"#; /// let res: Result<Doc, _> = serde_json::from_str(s); /// assert!(res.is_err()); /// ``` #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pubmod sets_duplicate_value_is_error { usesuper::*; usecrate::duplicate_key_impls::PreventDuplicateInsertsSet;
/// Deserialize a set and return an error on duplicate values pubfn deserialize<'de, D, T, V>(deserializer: D) -> Result<T, D::Error> where
T: PreventDuplicateInsertsSet<V>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
D: Deserializer<'de>,
{ struct SeqVisitor<T, V> {
marker: PhantomData<T>,
set_item_type: PhantomData<V>,
}
impl<'de, T, V> Visitor<'de> for SeqVisitor<T, V> where
T: PreventDuplicateInsertsSet<V>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
{ type Value = T;
/// Serialize the set with the default serializer pubfn serialize<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
T: Serialize,
S: Serializer,
{
value.serialize(serializer)
}
}
/// Ensure no duplicate keys exist in a map. /// /// By default serde has a last-value-wins implementation, if duplicate keys for a map exist. /// Sometimes it is desirable to know when such an event happens, as the first value is overwritten /// and it can indicate an error in the serialized data. /// /// This helper returns an error if two identical keys exist in a map. /// /// The implementation supports both the [`HashMap`] and the [`BTreeMap`] from the standard library. /// /// # Converting to serde_as /// /// The same functionality can be more clearly expressed using the `serde_as` macro and [`MapPreventDuplicates`]. /// The `_` is a placeholder which works for any type which implements [`Serialize`]/[`Deserialize`]. /// /// ```rust /// # #[cfg(FALSE)] { /// #[serde_as] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct A { /// #[serde_as(as = "MapPreventDuplicates<_, _>")] /// s: HashMap<usize, usize>, /// } /// # } /// ``` /// /// [`HashMap`]: std::collections::HashMap /// [`BTreeMap`]: std::collections::HashMap /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::Deserialize; /// # use std::collections::HashMap; /// # /// # #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize)] /// struct Doc { /// #[serde(with = "::serde_with::rust::maps_duplicate_key_is_error")] /// map: HashMap<usize, usize>, /// } /// /// // Maps are serialized normally, /// let s = r#"{"map": {"1": 1, "2": 2, "3": 3}}"#; /// let mut v = Doc { /// map: HashMap::new(), /// }; /// v.map.insert(1, 1); /// v.map.insert(2, 2); /// v.map.insert(3, 3); /// assert_eq!(v, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// /// // but create an error if duplicate keys, like the `1`, exist. /// let s = r#"{"map": {"1": 1, "2": 2, "1": 3}}"#; /// let res: Result<Doc, _> = serde_json::from_str(s); /// assert!(res.is_err()); /// ``` #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pubmod maps_duplicate_key_is_error { usesuper::*; usecrate::duplicate_key_impls::PreventDuplicateInsertsMap;
/// Deserialize a map and return an error on duplicate keys pubfn deserialize<'de, D, T, K, V>(deserializer: D) -> Result<T, D::Error> where
T: PreventDuplicateInsertsMap<K, V>,
K: Deserialize<'de>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
D: Deserializer<'de>,
{ struct MapVisitor<T, K, V> {
marker: PhantomData<T>,
map_key_type: PhantomData<K>,
map_value_type: PhantomData<V>,
}
impl<'de, T, K, V> Visitor<'de> for MapVisitor<T, K, V> where
T: PreventDuplicateInsertsMap<K, V>,
K: Deserialize<'de>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
{ type Value = T;
/// Serialize the map with the default serializer pubfn serialize<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
T: Serialize,
S: Serializer,
{
value.serialize(serializer)
}
}
/// Ensure that the last value is taken, if duplicate values exist /// /// By default serde has a first-value-wins implementation, if duplicate keys for a set exist. /// Sometimes the opposite strategy is desired. This helper implements a first-value-wins strategy. /// /// The implementation supports both the [`HashSet`] and the [`BTreeSet`] from the standard library. /// /// # Converting to serde_as /// /// The same functionality can be more clearly expressed using the `serde_as` macro and [`SetLastValueWins`]. /// The `_` is a placeholder which works for any type which implements [`Serialize`]/[`Deserialize`]. /// /// ```rust /// # #[cfg(FALSE)] { /// #[serde_as] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct A { /// #[serde_as(as = "SetLastValueWins<_, _>")] /// s: HashSet<usize>, /// } /// # } /// ``` /// /// [`HashSet`]: std::collections::HashSet /// [`BTreeSet`]: std::collections::HashSet #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pubmod sets_last_value_wins { usesuper::*; usecrate::duplicate_key_impls::DuplicateInsertsLastWinsSet;
/// Deserialize a set and keep the last of equal values pubfn deserialize<'de, D, T, V>(deserializer: D) -> Result<T, D::Error> where
T: DuplicateInsertsLastWinsSet<V>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
D: Deserializer<'de>,
{ struct SeqVisitor<T, V> {
marker: PhantomData<T>,
set_item_type: PhantomData<V>,
}
impl<'de, T, V> Visitor<'de> for SeqVisitor<T, V> where
T: DuplicateInsertsLastWinsSet<V>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
{ type Value = T;
/// Serialize the set with the default serializer pubfn serialize<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
T: Serialize,
S: Serializer,
{
value.serialize(serializer)
}
}
/// Ensure that the first key is taken, if duplicate keys exist /// /// By default serde has a last-key-wins implementation, if duplicate keys for a map exist. /// Sometimes the opposite strategy is desired. This helper implements a first-key-wins strategy. /// /// The implementation supports both the [`HashMap`] and the [`BTreeMap`] from the standard library. /// /// [`HashMap`]: std::collections::HashMap /// [`BTreeMap`]: std::collections::HashMap /// /// # Converting to serde_as /// /// The same functionality can be more clearly expressed using the `serde_as` macro and [`MapFirstKeyWins`]. /// The `_` is a placeholder which works for any type which implements [`Serialize`]/[`Deserialize`]. /// /// ```rust /// # #[cfg(FALSE)] { /// #[serde_as] /// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)] /// struct A { /// #[serde_as(as = "MapFirstKeyWins<_, _>")] /// s: HashMap<usize, usize>, /// } /// # } /// ``` /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::Deserialize; /// # use std::collections::HashMap; /// # /// # #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize)] /// struct Doc { /// #[serde(with = "::serde_with::rust::maps_first_key_wins")] /// map: HashMap<usize, usize>, /// } /// /// // Maps are serialized normally, /// let s = r#"{"map": {"1": 1, "2": 2, "3": 3}}"#; /// let mut v = Doc { /// map: HashMap::new(), /// }; /// v.map.insert(1, 1); /// v.map.insert(2, 2); /// v.map.insert(3, 3); /// assert_eq!(v, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// /// // but create an error if duplicate keys, like the `1`, exist. /// let s = r#"{"map": {"1": 1, "2": 2, "1": 3}}"#; /// let mut v = Doc { /// map: HashMap::new(), /// }; /// v.map.insert(1, 1); /// v.map.insert(2, 2); /// assert_eq!(v, serde_json::from_str(s).unwrap()); /// ``` #[cfg(feature = "alloc")] pubmod maps_first_key_wins { usesuper::*; usecrate::duplicate_key_impls::DuplicateInsertsFirstWinsMap;
/// Deserialize a map and return an error on duplicate keys pubfn deserialize<'de, D, T, K, V>(deserializer: D) -> Result<T, D::Error> where
T: DuplicateInsertsFirstWinsMap<K, V>,
K: Deserialize<'de>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
D: Deserializer<'de>,
{ struct MapVisitor<T, K, V> {
marker: PhantomData<T>,
map_key_type: PhantomData<K>,
map_value_type: PhantomData<V>,
}
impl<'de, T, K, V> Visitor<'de> for MapVisitor<T, K, V> where
T: DuplicateInsertsFirstWinsMap<K, V>,
K: Deserialize<'de>,
V: Deserialize<'de>,
{ type Value = T;
/// Serialize the map with the default serializer pubfn serialize<T, S>(value: &T, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
T: Serialize,
S: Serializer,
{
value.serialize(serializer)
}
}
/// Deserialize any value, ignore it, and return the default value for the type being deserialized. /// /// This function can be used in two different ways: /// /// 1. It is useful for instance to create an enum with a catch-all variant that will accept any incoming data. /// 2. [`untagged`] enum representations do not allow the `other` annotation as the fallback enum variant. /// With this function you can emulate an `other` variant, which can deserialize any data carrying enum. /// /// **Note:** Using this function will prevent deserializing data-less enum variants. /// If this is a problem depends on the data format. /// For example, deserializing `"Bar"` as an enum in JSON would fail, since it carries no data. /// /// # Examples /// /// ## Deserializing a heterogeneous collection of XML nodes /// /// When [`serde-xml-rs`] deserializes an XML tag to an enum, it always maps the tag /// name to the enum variant name, and the tag attributes and children to the enum contents. /// This means that in order for an enum variant to accept any XML tag, it both has to use /// `#[serde(other)]` to accept any tag name, and `#[serde(deserialize_with = "deserialize_ignore_any")]` /// to accept any attributes and children. /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::Deserialize; /// use serde_with::rust::deserialize_ignore_any; /// /// # #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize)] /// #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")] /// enum Item { /// Foo(String), /// Bar(String), /// #[serde(other, deserialize_with = "deserialize_ignore_any")] /// Other, /// } /// /// // Deserialize this XML /// # let items: Vec<Item> = serde_xml_rs::from_str( /// r" /// <foo>a</foo> /// <bar>b</bar> /// <foo>c</foo> /// <unknown>d</unknown> /// " /// # ).unwrap(); /// /// // into these Items /// # let expected = /// vec![ /// Item::Foo(String::from("a")), /// Item::Bar(String::from("b")), /// Item::Foo(String::from("c")), /// Item::Other, /// ] /// # ; /// # assert_eq!(expected, items); /// ``` /// /// ## Simulating an `other` enum variant in an `untagged` enum /// /// ```rust /// # use serde::Deserialize; /// # use serde_json::json; /// use serde_with::rust::deserialize_ignore_any; /// /// # #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)] /// #[derive(Deserialize)] /// #[serde(untagged)] /// enum Item { /// Foo{x: u8}, /// #[serde(deserialize_with = "deserialize_ignore_any")] /// Other, /// } /// /// // Deserialize this JSON /// # let items: Vec<Item> = serde_json::from_value( /// json!([ /// {"y": 1}, /// {"x": 1}, /// ]) /// # ).unwrap(); /// /// // into these Items /// # let expected = /// vec![Item::Other, Item::Foo{x: 1}] /// # ; /// # assert_eq!(expected, items); /// ``` /// /// [`serde-xml-rs`]: https://docs.rs/serde-xml-rs /// [`untagged`]: https://serde.rs/enum-representations.html#untagged pubfn deserialize_ignore_any<'de, D: Deserializer<'de>, T: Default>(
deserializer: D,
) -> Result<T, D::Error> {
serde::de::IgnoredAny::deserialize(deserializer).map(|_| T::default())
}
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