use std::fmt; use std::io; use std::net::{Shutdown, SocketAddr}; use std::pin::Pin; use std::task::{Context, Poll};
cfg_io_util! { use bytes::BufMut;
}
cfg_net! { /// A TCP stream between a local and a remote socket. /// /// A TCP stream can either be created by connecting to an endpoint, via the /// [`connect`] method, or by [accepting] a connection from a [listener]. A /// TCP stream can also be created via the [`TcpSocket`] type. /// /// Reading and writing to a `TcpStream` is usually done using the /// convenience methods found on the [`AsyncReadExt`] and [`AsyncWriteExt`] /// traits. /// /// [`connect`]: method@TcpStream::connect /// [accepting]: method@crate::net::TcpListener::accept /// [listener]: struct@crate::net::TcpListener /// [`TcpSocket`]: struct@crate::net::TcpSocket /// [`AsyncReadExt`]: trait@crate::io::AsyncReadExt /// [`AsyncWriteExt`]: trait@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt; /// use std::error::Error; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// // Write some data. /// stream.write_all(b"hello world!").await?; /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// /// The [`write_all`] method is defined on the [`AsyncWriteExt`] trait. /// /// [`write_all`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt::write_all /// [`AsyncWriteExt`]: trait@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt /// /// To shut down the stream in the write direction, you can call the /// [`shutdown()`] method. This will cause the other peer to receive a read of /// length 0, indicating that no more data will be sent. This only closes /// the stream in one direction. /// /// [`shutdown()`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt::shutdown pubstruct TcpStream {
io: PollEvented<mio::net::TcpStream>,
}
}
impl TcpStream {
cfg_not_wasi! { /// Opens a TCP connection to a remote host. /// /// `addr` is an address of the remote host. Anything which implements the /// [`ToSocketAddrs`] trait can be supplied as the address. If `addr` /// yields multiple addresses, connect will be attempted with each of the /// addresses until a connection is successful. If none of the addresses /// result in a successful connection, the error returned from the last /// connection attempt (the last address) is returned. /// /// To configure the socket before connecting, you can use the [`TcpSocket`] /// type. /// /// [`ToSocketAddrs`]: trait@crate::net::ToSocketAddrs /// [`TcpSocket`]: struct@crate::net::TcpSocket /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt; /// use std::error::Error; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// // Write some data. /// stream.write_all(b"hello world!").await?; /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// /// The [`write_all`] method is defined on the [`AsyncWriteExt`] trait. /// /// [`write_all`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt::write_all /// [`AsyncWriteExt`]: trait@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt pubasyncfn connect<A: ToSocketAddrs>(addr: A) -> io::Result<TcpStream> { let addrs = to_socket_addrs(addr).await?;
letmut last_err = None;
for addr in addrs { match TcpStream::connect_addr(addr).await {
Ok(stream) => return Ok(stream),
Err(e) => last_err = Some(e),
}
}
Err(last_err.unwrap_or_else(|| {
io::Error::new(
io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, "could not resolve to any address",
)
}))
}
/// Establishes a connection to the specified `addr`. asyncfn connect_addr(addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> { let sys = mio::net::TcpStream::connect(addr)?;
TcpStream::connect_mio(sys).await
}
// Once we've connected, wait for the stream to be writable as // that's when the actual connection has been initiated. Once we're // writable we check for `take_socket_error` to see if the connect // actually hit an error or not. // // If all that succeeded then we ship everything on up.
poll_fn(|cx| stream.io.registration().poll_write_ready(cx)).await?;
/// Creates new `TcpStream` from a `std::net::TcpStream`. /// /// This function is intended to be used to wrap a TCP stream from the /// standard library in the Tokio equivalent. /// /// # Notes /// /// The caller is responsible for ensuring that the stream is in /// non-blocking mode. Otherwise all I/O operations on the stream /// will block the thread, which will cause unexpected behavior. /// Non-blocking mode can be set using [`set_nonblocking`]. /// /// [`set_nonblocking`]: std::net::TcpStream::set_nonblocking /// /// # Examples /// /// ```rust,no_run /// use std::error::Error; /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// let std_stream = std::net::TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:34254")?; /// std_stream.set_nonblocking(true)?; /// let stream = TcpStream::from_std(std_stream)?; /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// /// # Panics /// /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with /// IO enabled. /// /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function. #[track_caller] pubfn from_std(stream: std::net::TcpStream) -> io::Result<TcpStream> { let io = mio::net::TcpStream::from_std(stream); let io = PollEvented::new(io)?;
Ok(TcpStream { io })
}
/// Turns a [`tokio::net::TcpStream`] into a [`std::net::TcpStream`]. /// /// The returned [`std::net::TcpStream`] will have nonblocking mode set as `true`. /// Use [`set_nonblocking`] to change the blocking mode if needed. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io::Read; /// use tokio::net::TcpListener; /// # use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// # use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// let mut data = [0u8; 12]; /// # if false { /// let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:34254").await?; /// # } /// # let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await?; /// # let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap(); /// # let handle = tokio::spawn(async move { /// # let mut stream: TcpStream = TcpStream::connect(addr).await.unwrap(); /// # stream.write_all(b"Hello world!").await.unwrap(); /// # }); /// let (tokio_tcp_stream, _) = listener.accept().await?; /// let mut std_tcp_stream = tokio_tcp_stream.into_std()?; /// # handle.await.expect("The task being joined has panicked"); /// std_tcp_stream.set_nonblocking(false)?; /// std_tcp_stream.read_exact(&mut data)?; /// # assert_eq!(b"Hello world!", &data); /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// [`tokio::net::TcpStream`]: TcpStream /// [`std::net::TcpStream`]: std::net::TcpStream /// [`set_nonblocking`]: fn@std::net::TcpStream::set_nonblocking pubfn into_std(self) -> io::Result<std::net::TcpStream> { #[cfg(unix)]
{ use std::os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, IntoRawFd}; self.io
.into_inner()
.map(IntoRawFd::into_raw_fd)
.map(|raw_fd| unsafe { std::net::TcpStream::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) })
}
/// Returns the local address that this stream is bound to. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// println!("{:?}", stream.local_addr()?); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> { self.io.local_addr()
}
/// Returns the value of the `SO_ERROR` option. pubfn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> { self.io.take_error()
}
/// Returns the remote address that this stream is connected to. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// println!("{:?}", stream.peer_addr()?); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> { self.io.peer_addr()
}
/// Attempts to receive data on the socket, without removing that data from /// the queue, registering the current task for wakeup if data is not yet /// available. /// /// Note that on multiple calls to `poll_peek`, `poll_read` or /// `poll_read_ready`, only the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the /// most recent call is scheduled to receive a wakeup. (However, /// `poll_write` retains a second, independent waker.) /// /// # Return value /// /// The function returns: /// /// * `Poll::Pending` if data is not yet available. /// * `Poll::Ready(Ok(n))` if data is available. `n` is the number of bytes peeked. /// * `Poll::Ready(Err(e))` if an error is encountered. /// /// # Errors /// /// This function may encounter any standard I/O error except `WouldBlock`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::io::{self, ReadBuf}; /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// use futures::future::poll_fn; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8000").await?; /// let mut buf = [0; 10]; /// let mut buf = ReadBuf::new(&mut buf); /// /// poll_fn(|cx| { /// stream.poll_peek(cx, &mut buf) /// }).await?; /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn poll_peek(
&self,
cx: &mut Context<'_>,
buf: &mut ReadBuf<'_>,
) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> { loop { let ev = ready!(self.io.registration().poll_read_ready(cx))?;
let b = unsafe {
&mut *(buf.unfilled_mut() as *mut [std::mem::MaybeUninit<u8>] as *mut [u8])
};
/// Waits for any of the requested ready states. /// /// This function is usually paired with `try_read()` or `try_write()`. It /// can be used to concurrently read / write to the same socket on a single /// task without splitting the socket. /// /// The function may complete without the socket being ready. This is a /// false-positive and attempting an operation will return with /// `io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock`. The function can also return with an empty /// [`Ready`] set, so you should always check the returned value and possibly /// wait again if the requested states are not set. /// /// # Cancel safety /// /// This method is cancel safe. Once a readiness event occurs, the method /// will continue to return immediately until the readiness event is /// consumed by an attempt to read or write that fails with `WouldBlock` or /// `Poll::Pending`. /// /// # Examples /// /// Concurrently read and write to the stream on the same task without /// splitting. /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::io::Interest; /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// let ready = stream.ready(Interest::READABLE | Interest::WRITABLE).await?; /// /// if ready.is_readable() { /// let mut data = vec![0; 1024]; /// // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_read(&mut data) { /// Ok(n) => { /// println!("read {} bytes", n); /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// /// } /// /// if ready.is_writable() { /// // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_write(b"hello world") { /// Ok(n) => { /// println!("write {} bytes", n); /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// } /// } /// ``` pubasyncfn ready(&self, interest: Interest) -> io::Result<Ready> { let event = self.io.registration().readiness(interest).await?;
Ok(event.ready)
}
/// Waits for the socket to become readable. /// /// This function is equivalent to `ready(Interest::READABLE)` and is usually /// paired with `try_read()`. /// /// # Cancel safety /// /// This method is cancel safe. Once a readiness event occurs, the method /// will continue to return immediately until the readiness event is /// consumed by an attempt to read that fails with `WouldBlock` or /// `Poll::Pending`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// let mut msg = vec![0; 1024]; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be readable /// stream.readable().await?; /// /// // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_read(&mut msg) { /// Ok(n) => { /// msg.truncate(n); /// break; /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// println!("GOT = {:?}", msg); /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubasyncfn readable(&self) -> io::Result<()> { self.ready(Interest::READABLE).await?;
Ok(())
}
/// Polls for read readiness. /// /// If the tcp stream is not currently ready for reading, this method will /// store a clone of the `Waker` from the provided `Context`. When the tcp /// stream becomes ready for reading, `Waker::wake` will be called on the /// waker. /// /// Note that on multiple calls to `poll_read_ready`, `poll_read` or /// `poll_peek`, only the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the most /// recent call is scheduled to receive a wakeup. (However, /// `poll_write_ready` retains a second, independent waker.) /// /// This function is intended for cases where creating and pinning a future /// via [`readable`] is not feasible. Where possible, using [`readable`] is /// preferred, as this supports polling from multiple tasks at once. /// /// # Return value /// /// The function returns: /// /// * `Poll::Pending` if the tcp stream is not ready for reading. /// * `Poll::Ready(Ok(()))` if the tcp stream is ready for reading. /// * `Poll::Ready(Err(e))` if an error is encountered. /// /// # Errors /// /// This function may encounter any standard I/O error except `WouldBlock`. /// /// [`readable`]: method@Self::readable pubfn poll_read_ready(&self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> { self.io.registration().poll_read_ready(cx).map_ok(|_| ())
}
/// Tries to read data from the stream into the provided buffer, returning how /// many bytes were read. /// /// Receives any pending data from the socket but does not wait for new data /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because /// `try_read()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be stored by /// the async task and can exist entirely on the stack. /// /// Usually, [`readable()`] or [`ready()`] is used with this function. /// /// [`readable()`]: TcpStream::readable() /// [`ready()`]: TcpStream::ready() /// /// # Return /// /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the /// number of bytes read. If `n` is `0`, then it can indicate one of two scenarios: /// /// 1. The stream's read half is closed and will no longer yield data. /// 2. The specified buffer was 0 bytes in length. /// /// If the stream is not ready to read data, /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be readable /// stream.readable().await?; /// /// // Creating the buffer **after** the `await` prevents it from /// // being stored in the async task. /// let mut buf = [0; 4096]; /// /// // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_read(&mut buf) { /// Ok(0) => break, /// Ok(n) => { /// println!("read {} bytes", n); /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn try_read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> { use std::io::Read;
/// Tries to read data from the stream into the provided buffers, returning /// how many bytes were read. /// /// Data is copied to fill each buffer in order, with the final buffer /// written to possibly being only partially filled. This method behaves /// equivalently to a single call to [`try_read()`] with concatenated /// buffers. /// /// Receives any pending data from the socket but does not wait for new data /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because /// `try_read_vectored()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be /// stored by the async task and can exist entirely on the stack. /// /// Usually, [`readable()`] or [`ready()`] is used with this function. /// /// [`try_read()`]: TcpStream::try_read() /// [`readable()`]: TcpStream::readable() /// [`ready()`]: TcpStream::ready() /// /// # Return /// /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the /// number of bytes read. `Ok(0)` indicates the stream's read half is closed /// and will no longer yield data. If the stream is not ready to read data /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io::{self, IoSliceMut}; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be readable /// stream.readable().await?; /// /// // Creating the buffer **after** the `await` prevents it from /// // being stored in the async task. /// let mut buf_a = [0; 512]; /// let mut buf_b = [0; 1024]; /// let mut bufs = [ /// IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf_a), /// IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf_b), /// ]; /// /// // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_read_vectored(&mut bufs) { /// Ok(0) => break, /// Ok(n) => { /// println!("read {} bytes", n); /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn try_read_vectored(&self, bufs: &mut [io::IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> io::Result<usize> { use std::io::Read;
cfg_io_util! { /// Tries to read data from the stream into the provided buffer, advancing the /// buffer's internal cursor, returning how many bytes were read. /// /// Receives any pending data from the socket but does not wait for new data /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because /// `try_read_buf()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be stored by /// the async task and can exist entirely on the stack. /// /// Usually, [`readable()`] or [`ready()`] is used with this function. /// /// [`readable()`]: TcpStream::readable() /// [`ready()`]: TcpStream::ready() /// /// # Return /// /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the /// number of bytes read. `Ok(0)` indicates the stream's read half is closed /// and will no longer yield data. If the stream is not ready to read data /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be readable /// stream.readable().await?; /// /// let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(4096); /// /// // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_read_buf(&mut buf) { /// Ok(0) => break, /// Ok(n) => { /// println!("read {} bytes", n); /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn try_read_buf<B: BufMut>(&self, buf: &>mut B) -> io::Result<usize> { self.io.registration().try_io(Interest::READABLE, || { use std::io::Read;
let dst = buf.chunk_mut(); let dst = unsafe { &mut *(dst as *mut _ as *mut [std::mem::MaybeUninit<u8>] as *mut [u8]) };
// Safety: We trust `TcpStream::read` to have filled up `n` bytes in the // buffer. let n = (&*self.io).read(dst)?;
unsafe {
buf.advance_mut(n);
}
Ok(n)
})
}
}
/// Waits for the socket to become writable. /// /// This function is equivalent to `ready(Interest::WRITABLE)` and is usually /// paired with `try_write()`. /// /// # Cancel safety /// /// This method is cancel safe. Once a readiness event occurs, the method /// will continue to return immediately until the readiness event is /// consumed by an attempt to write that fails with `WouldBlock` or /// `Poll::Pending`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be writable /// stream.writable().await?; /// /// // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_write(b"hello world") { /// Ok(n) => { /// break; /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubasyncfn writable(&self) -> io::Result<()> { self.ready(Interest::WRITABLE).await?;
Ok(())
}
/// Polls for write readiness. /// /// If the tcp stream is not currently ready for writing, this method will /// store a clone of the `Waker` from the provided `Context`. When the tcp /// stream becomes ready for writing, `Waker::wake` will be called on the /// waker. /// /// Note that on multiple calls to `poll_write_ready` or `poll_write`, only /// the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the most recent call is /// scheduled to receive a wakeup. (However, `poll_read_ready` retains a /// second, independent waker.) /// /// This function is intended for cases where creating and pinning a future /// via [`writable`] is not feasible. Where possible, using [`writable`] is /// preferred, as this supports polling from multiple tasks at once. /// /// # Return value /// /// The function returns: /// /// * `Poll::Pending` if the tcp stream is not ready for writing. /// * `Poll::Ready(Ok(()))` if the tcp stream is ready for writing. /// * `Poll::Ready(Err(e))` if an error is encountered. /// /// # Errors /// /// This function may encounter any standard I/O error except `WouldBlock`. /// /// [`writable`]: method@Self::writable pubfn poll_write_ready(&self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> { self.io.registration().poll_write_ready(cx).map_ok(|_| ())
}
/// Try to write a buffer to the stream, returning how many bytes were /// written. /// /// The function will attempt to write the entire contents of `buf`, but /// only part of the buffer may be written. /// /// This function is usually paired with `writable()`. /// /// # Return /// /// If data is successfully written, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the /// number of bytes written. If the stream is not ready to write data, /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be writable /// stream.writable().await?; /// /// // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_write(b"hello world") { /// Ok(n) => { /// break; /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn try_write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> { use std::io::Write;
/// Tries to write several buffers to the stream, returning how many bytes /// were written. /// /// Data is written from each buffer in order, with the final buffer read /// from possible being only partially consumed. This method behaves /// equivalently to a single call to [`try_write()`] with concatenated /// buffers. /// /// This function is usually paired with `writable()`. /// /// [`try_write()`]: TcpStream::try_write() /// /// # Return /// /// If data is successfully written, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the /// number of bytes written. If the stream is not ready to write data, /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use std::error::Error; /// use std::io; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// let bufs = [io::IoSlice::new(b"hello "), io::IoSlice::new(b"world")]; /// /// loop { /// // Wait for the socket to be writable /// stream.writable().await?; /// /// // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock` /// // if the readiness event is a false positive. /// match stream.try_write_vectored(&bufs) { /// Ok(n) => { /// break; /// } /// Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => { /// continue; /// } /// Err(e) => { /// return Err(e.into()); /// } /// } /// } /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` pubfn try_write_vectored(&self, bufs: &[io::IoSlice<'_>]) -> io::Result<usize> { use std::io::Write;
/// Tries to read or write from the socket using a user-provided IO operation. /// /// If the socket is ready, the provided closure is called. The closure /// should attempt to perform IO operation on the socket by manually /// calling the appropriate syscall. If the operation fails because the /// socket is not actually ready, then the closure should return a /// `WouldBlock` error and the readiness flag is cleared. The return value /// of the closure is then returned by `try_io`. /// /// If the socket is not ready, then the closure is not called /// and a `WouldBlock` error is returned. /// /// The closure should only return a `WouldBlock` error if it has performed /// an IO operation on the socket that failed due to the socket not being /// ready. Returning a `WouldBlock` error in any other situation will /// incorrectly clear the readiness flag, which can cause the socket to /// behave incorrectly. /// /// The closure should not perform the IO operation using any of the methods /// defined on the Tokio `TcpStream` type, as this will mess with the /// readiness flag and can cause the socket to behave incorrectly. /// /// This method is not intended to be used with combined interests. /// The closure should perform only one type of IO operation, so it should not /// require more than one ready state. This method may panic or sleep forever /// if it is called with a combined interest. /// /// Usually, [`readable()`], [`writable()`] or [`ready()`] is used with this function. /// /// [`readable()`]: TcpStream::readable() /// [`writable()`]: TcpStream::writable() /// [`ready()`]: TcpStream::ready() pubfn try_io<R>(
&self,
interest: Interest,
f: impl FnOnce() -> io::Result<R>,
) -> io::Result<R> { self.io
.registration()
.try_io(interest, || self.io.try_io(f))
}
/// Reads or writes from the socket using a user-provided IO operation. /// /// The readiness of the socket is awaited and when the socket is ready, /// the provided closure is called. The closure should attempt to perform /// IO operation on the socket by manually calling the appropriate syscall. /// If the operation fails because the socket is not actually ready, /// then the closure should return a `WouldBlock` error. In such case the /// readiness flag is cleared and the socket readiness is awaited again. /// This loop is repeated until the closure returns an `Ok` or an error /// other than `WouldBlock`. /// /// The closure should only return a `WouldBlock` error if it has performed /// an IO operation on the socket that failed due to the socket not being /// ready. Returning a `WouldBlock` error in any other situation will /// incorrectly clear the readiness flag, which can cause the socket to /// behave incorrectly. /// /// The closure should not perform the IO operation using any of the methods /// defined on the Tokio `TcpStream` type, as this will mess with the /// readiness flag and can cause the socket to behave incorrectly. /// /// This method is not intended to be used with combined interests. /// The closure should perform only one type of IO operation, so it should not /// require more than one ready state. This method may panic or sleep forever /// if it is called with a combined interest. pubasyncfn async_io<R>(
&self,
interest: Interest, mut f: impl FnMut() -> io::Result<R>,
) -> io::Result<R> { self.io
.registration()
.async_io(interest, || self.io.try_io(&mut f))
.await
}
/// Receives data on the socket from the remote address to which it is /// connected, without removing that data from the queue. On success, /// returns the number of bytes peeked. /// /// Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing /// `MSG_PEEK` as a flag to the underlying `recv` system call. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// use tokio::io::AsyncReadExt; /// use std::error::Error; /// /// #[tokio::main] /// async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// // Connect to a peer /// let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// let mut b1 = [0; 10]; /// let mut b2 = [0; 10]; /// /// // Peek at the data /// let n = stream.peek(&mut b1).await?; /// /// // Read the data /// assert_eq!(n, stream.read(&mut b2[..n]).await?); /// assert_eq!(&b1[..n], &b2[..n]); /// /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// /// The [`read`] method is defined on the [`AsyncReadExt`] trait. /// /// [`read`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncReadExt::read /// [`AsyncReadExt`]: trait@crate::io::AsyncReadExt pubasyncfn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> { self.io
.registration()
.async_io(Interest::READABLE, || self.io.peek(buf))
.await
}
/// Shuts down the read, write, or both halves of this connection. /// /// This function will cause all pending and future I/O on the specified /// portions to return immediately with an appropriate value (see the /// documentation of `Shutdown`). pub(super) fn shutdown_std(&self, how: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> { self.io.shutdown(how)
}
/// Gets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket. /// /// For more information about this option, see [`set_nodelay`]. /// /// [`set_nodelay`]: TcpStream::set_nodelay /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// println!("{:?}", stream.nodelay()?); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> { self.io.nodelay()
}
/// Sets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket. /// /// If set, this option disables the Nagle algorithm. This means that /// segments are always sent as soon as possible, even if there is only a /// small amount of data. When not set, data is buffered until there is a /// sufficient amount to send out, thereby avoiding the frequent sending of /// small packets. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// stream.set_nodelay(true)?; /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> { self.io.set_nodelay(nodelay)
}
cfg_not_wasi! { /// Reads the linger duration for this socket by getting the `SO_LINGER` /// option. /// /// For more information about this option, see [`set_linger`]. /// /// [`set_linger`]: TcpStream::set_linger /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// println!("{:?}", stream.linger()?); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn linger(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
socket2::SockRef::from(self).linger()
}
/// Sets the linger duration of this socket by setting the `SO_LINGER` option. /// /// This option controls the action taken when a stream has unsent messages and the stream is /// closed. If `SO_LINGER` is set, the system shall block the process until it can transmit the /// data or until the time expires. /// /// If `SO_LINGER` is not specified, and the stream is closed, the system handles the call in a /// way that allows the process to continue as quickly as possible. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// stream.set_linger(None)?; /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn set_linger(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
socket2::SockRef::from(self).set_linger(dur)
}
}
/// Gets the value of the `IP_TTL` option for this socket. /// /// For more information about this option, see [`set_ttl`]. /// /// [`set_ttl`]: TcpStream::set_ttl /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// println!("{:?}", stream.ttl()?); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> { self.io.ttl()
}
/// Sets the value for the `IP_TTL` option on this socket. /// /// This value sets the time-to-live field that is used in every packet sent /// from this socket. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use tokio::net::TcpStream; /// /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { /// let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").await?; /// /// stream.set_ttl(123)?; /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` pubfn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> { self.io.set_ttl(ttl)
}
// These lifetime markers also appear in the generated documentation, and make // it more clear that this is a *borrowed* split. #[allow(clippy::needless_lifetimes)] /// Splits a `TcpStream` into a read half and a write half, which can be used /// to read and write the stream concurrently. /// /// This method is more efficient than [`into_split`], but the halves cannot be /// moved into independently spawned tasks. /// /// [`into_split`]: TcpStream::into_split() pubfn split<'a>(&'a mutself) -> (ReadHalf<'a>, WriteHalf<'a>) {
split(self)
}
/// Splits a `TcpStream` into a read half and a write half, which can be used /// to read and write the stream concurrently. /// /// Unlike [`split`], the owned halves can be moved to separate tasks, however /// this comes at the cost of a heap allocation. /// /// **Note:** Dropping the write half will shut down the write half of the TCP /// stream. This is equivalent to calling [`shutdown()`] on the `TcpStream`. /// /// [`split`]: TcpStream::split() /// [`shutdown()`]: fn@crate::io::AsyncWriteExt::shutdown pubfn into_split(self) -> (OwnedReadHalf, OwnedWriteHalf) {
split_owned(self)
}
// == Poll IO functions that takes `&self` == // // To read or write without mutable access to the `UnixStream`, combine the // `poll_read_ready` or `poll_write_ready` methods with the `try_read` or // `try_write` methods.
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