Spracherkennung für: .ifscompose vermutete Sprache: VDM {VDM[110] SQL[100] VHDL[100]} [Methode: maximale Elemente, drei Dimensionen]
IfsCompose
----------
IfsCompose
is a plug-
in for GIMP that allows
the creation
of Iterated Function
System fractals
by direct
manipulation onscreen
of the component transforms.
IFS Fractals
------------
You may
be familiar
with IFS
's from the screen
hack
'Flame'. They are also the basis
of fractal image compression.
For a brief introduction
to IFS
's see Foley and van Dam, et
al,. _Computer Graphics, Principles
and Practice_,
2nd Ed.,
(Addison Wesley,
1990).
The standard references
in the field are Michael Barnsley
's books (though
I haven
't looked at them yet):
M. Barnsley, _Fractals Everywhere_, Academic Press Inc.,
1988.
M. Barnsley
and L. Hurd, _Fractal Image Compression_, Jones
and
Bartlett.
Briefly, you take a point
and repeatedly apply one
of a
set of
transformations
to it, choosing randomly between them,
and plot the
point at each step. An interesting
result (the Collage Theorem) says
that
if you can find a
set of transformations that break up an image
into smaller copies
of itself,
then the resulting fractal exactly
reproduces the original image.
For example, here
is a classic image
of a leaf
and the same image
with the four component transforms
colored distinctively.
But the best way
to appreciate this may
to install this program
and
try it out. I
've extended the basic concept as found in
Foley
and van Dam
to include transformations
in color space
as
well
as in real space.
Installation
------------
The included Makefile should work
with minor modifications on most
systems
if you have installed Gimp normally. Put the resulting binary
in ~/.gimp/plug-ins
or the
system-wide plug-ins directory.
The included files gtkaspectframe.c/.h implement a modified frame
widget that guarantees that the aspect ratio
of the child widget
remains constant when the parent
is resized. It
's sort of specialized,
but
if you think it would
be useful
for other purposes,
let me know
and I
'll lobby for its inclusion in the standard gtk.
Use
---
The interface
is somewhat complex
and it may take you a little
while
to get the hang
of it. (There are
19 parameters
for each
transformation
in your fractal, after
all). The best way
to learn
is
probably
to start by making small changes,
and seeing what they
do. Click on the transformations (represented
by polygons)
in the
design window
to manipulate them interactively.
Button-
1: rotate/scale
Button-
2: distort
Button-
3: move
If you hold down shift
while clicking, you can select multiple polygons
to apply the transformation
to.
Try
not to click too near the center
of a polygon,
as this will
amplify your actions.
Note that
if you render onto an image
with an alpha channel, the
background will
be transparent (very useful
for compositing several
fractals), otherwise the background will
be the current background.
There are tutorials
and some example images at:
http://www.gtk.org/~otaylor/IfsCompose/ifs_tutorial/tutorial.html
http://tigert.gimp.org/gimp/ifs-compose/
Have fun!
Owen Taylor