/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _BCACHE_BTREE_H
#define _BCACHE_BTREE_H
/*
* THE BTREE :
*
* At a high level , bcache ' s btree is relatively standard b + tree . All keys and
* pointers are in the leaves ; interior nodes only have pointers to the child
* nodes .
*
* In the interior nodes , a struct bkey always points to a child btree node , and
* the key is the highest key in the child node - except that the highest key in
* an interior node is always MAX_KEY . The size field refers to the size on disk
* of the child node - this would allow us to have variable sized btree nodes
* ( handy for keeping the depth of the btree 1 by expanding just the root ) .
*
* Btree nodes are themselves log structured , but this is hidden fairly
* thoroughly . Btree nodes on disk will in practice have extents that overlap
* ( because they were written at different times ) , but in memory we never have
* overlapping extents - when we read in a btree node from disk , the first thing
* we do is resort all the sets of keys with a mergesort , and in the same pass
* we check for overlapping extents and adjust them appropriately .
*
* struct btree_op is a central interface to the btree code . It ' s used for
* specifying read vs . write locking , and the embedded closure is used for
* waiting on IO or reserve memory .
*
* BTREE CACHE :
*
* Btree nodes are cached in memory ; traversing the btree might require reading
* in btree nodes which is handled mostly transparently .
*
* bch_btree_node_get ( ) looks up a btree node in the cache and reads it in from
* disk if necessary . This function is almost never called directly though - the
* btree ( ) macro is used to get a btree node , call some function on it , and
* unlock the node after the function returns .
*
* The root is special cased - it ' s taken out of the cache ' s lru ( thus pinning
* it in memory ) , so we can find the root of the btree by just dereferencing a
* pointer instead of looking it up in the cache . This makes locking a bit
* tricky , since the root pointer is protected by the lock in the btree node it
* points to - the btree_root ( ) macro handles this .
*
* In various places we must be able to allocate memory for multiple btree nodes
* in order to make forward progress . To do this we use the btree cache itself
* as a reserve ; if _ _ get_free_pages ( ) fails , we ' ll find a node in the btree
* cache we can reuse . We can ' t allow more than one thread to be doing this at a
* time , so there ' s a lock , implemented by a pointer to the btree_op closure -
* this allows the btree_root ( ) macro to implicitly release this lock .
*
* BTREE IO :
*
* Btree nodes never have to be explicitly read in ; bch_btree_node_get ( ) handles
* this .
*
* For writing , we have two btree_write structs embeddded in struct btree - one
* write in flight , and one being set up , and we toggle between them .
*
* Writing is done with a single function - bch_btree_write ( ) really serves two
* different purposes and should be broken up into two different functions . When
* passing now = false , it merely indicates that the node is now dirty - calling
* it ensures that the dirty keys will be written at some point in the future .
*
* When passing now = true , bch_btree_write ( ) causes a write to happen
* " immediately " ( if there was already a write in flight , it ' ll cause the write
* to happen as soon as the previous write completes ) . It returns immediately
* though - but it takes a refcount on the closure in struct btree_op you passed
* to it , so a closure_sync ( ) later can be used to wait for the write to
* complete .
*
* This is handy because btree_split ( ) and garbage collection can issue writes
* in parallel , reducing the amount of time they have to hold write locks .
*
* LOCKING :
*
* When traversing the btree , we may need write locks starting at some level -
* inserting a key into the btree will typically only require a write lock on
* the leaf node .
*
* This is specified with the lock field in struct btree_op ; lock = 0 means we
* take write locks at level < = 0 , i . e . only leaf nodes . bch_btree_node_get ( )
* checks this field and returns the node with the appropriate lock held .
*
* If , after traversing the btree , the insertion code discovers it has to split
* then it must restart from the root and take new locks - to do this it changes
* the lock field and returns - EINTR , which causes the btree_root ( ) macro to
* loop .
*
* Handling cache misses require a different mechanism for upgrading to a write
* lock . We do cache lookups with only a read lock held , but if we get a cache
* miss and we wish to insert this data into the cache , we have to insert a
* placeholder key to detect races - otherwise , we could race with a write and
* overwrite the data that was just written to the cache with stale data from
* the backing device .
*
* For this we use a sequence number that write locks and unlocks increment - to
* insert the check key it unlocks the btree node and then takes a write lock ,
* and fails if the sequence number doesn ' t match .
*/
#include "bset.h"
#include "debug.h"
struct btree_write {
atomic_t *journal;
/* If btree_split() frees a btree node, it writes a new pointer to that
* btree node indicating it was freed ; it takes a refcount on
* c - > prio_blocked because we can ' t write the gens until the new
* pointer is on disk . This allows btree_write_endio ( ) to release the
* refcount that btree_split ( ) took .
*/
int prio_blocked;
};
struct btree {
/* Hottest entries first */
struct hlist_node hash;
/* Key/pointer for this btree node */
BKEY_PADDED(key);
unsigned long seq;
struct rw_semaphore lock;
struct cache_set *c;
struct btree *parent;
struct mutex write_lock;
unsigned long flags;
uint16_t written; /* would be nice to kill */
uint8_t level;
struct btree_keys keys;
/* For outstanding btree writes, used as a lock - protects write_idx */
struct closure io;
struct semaphore io_mutex;
struct list_head list;
struct delayed_work work;
struct btree_write writes[2 ];
struct bio *bio;
};
#define BTREE_FLAG(flag) \
static inline bool btree_node_ ## flag(struct btree *b) \
{ return test_bit(BTREE_NODE_ ## flag, &b->flags); } \
\
static inline void set_btree_node_ ## flag(struct btree *b) \
{ set_bit(BTREE_NODE_ ## flag, &b->flags); }
enum btree_flags {
BTREE_NODE_io_error,
BTREE_NODE_dirty,
BTREE_NODE_write_idx,
BTREE_NODE_journal_flush,
};
BTREE_FLAG(io_error);
BTREE_FLAG(dirty);
BTREE_FLAG(write_idx);
BTREE_FLAG(journal_flush);
static inline struct btree_write *btree_current_write(struct btree *b)
{
return b->writes + btree_node_write_idx(b);
}
static inline struct btree_write *btree_prev_write(struct btree *b)
{
return b->writes + (btree_node_write_idx(b) ^ 1 );
}
static inline struct bset *btree_bset_first(struct btree *b)
{
return b->keys.set->data;
}
static inline struct bset *btree_bset_last(struct btree *b)
{
return bset_tree_last(&b->keys)->data;
}
static inline unsigned int bset_block_offset(struct btree *b, struct bset *i)
{
return bset_sector_offset(&b->keys, i) >> b->c->block_bits;
}
static inline void set_gc_sectors(struct cache_set *c)
{
atomic_set(&c->sectors_to_gc, c->cache->sb.bucket_size * c->nbuckets / 16 );
}
void bkey_put(struct cache_set *c, struct bkey *k);
/* Looping macros */
#define for_each_cached_btree(b, c, iter) \
for (iter = 0 ; \
iter < ARRAY_SIZE((c)->bucket_hash); \
iter++) \
hlist_for_each_entry_rcu((b), (c)->bucket_hash + iter, hash)
/* Recursing down the btree */
struct btree_op {
/* for waiting on btree reserve in btree_split() */
wait_queue_entry_t wait;
/* Btree level at which we start taking write locks */
short lock;
unsigned int insert_collision:1 ;
};
struct btree_check_state;
struct btree_check_info {
struct btree_check_state *state;
struct task_struct *thread;
int result;
};
#define BCH_BTR_CHKTHREAD_MAX 12
struct btree_check_state {
struct cache_set *c;
int total_threads;
int key_idx;
spinlock_t idx_lock;
atomic_t started;
atomic_t enough;
wait_queue_head_t wait;
struct btree_check_info infos[BCH_BTR_CHKTHREAD_MAX];
};
static inline void bch_btree_op_init(struct btree_op *op, int write_lock_level)
{
memset(op, 0 , sizeof (struct btree_op));
init_wait(&op->wait);
op->lock = write_lock_level;
}
static inline void rw_lock(bool w, struct btree *b, int level)
{
w ? down_write(&b->lock)
: down_read(&b->lock);
if (w)
b->seq++;
}
static inline void rw_unlock(bool w, struct btree *b)
{
if (w)
b->seq++;
(w ? up_write : up_read)(&b->lock);
}
void bch_btree_node_read_done(struct btree *b);
void __bch_btree_node_write(struct btree *b, struct closure *parent);
void bch_btree_node_write(struct btree *b, struct closure *parent);
void bch_btree_set_root(struct btree *b);
struct btree *__bch_btree_node_alloc(struct cache_set *c, struct btree_op *op,
int level, bool wait,
struct btree *parent);
struct btree *bch_btree_node_get(struct cache_set *c, struct btree_op *op,
struct bkey *k, int level, bool write,
struct btree *parent);
int bch_btree_insert_check_key(struct btree *b, struct btree_op *op,
struct bkey *check_key);
int bch_btree_insert(struct cache_set *c, struct keylist *keys,
atomic_t *journal_ref, struct bkey *replace_key);
int bch_gc_thread_start(struct cache_set *c);
void bch_initial_gc_finish(struct cache_set *c);
void bch_moving_gc(struct cache_set *c);
int bch_btree_check(struct cache_set *c);
void bch_initial_mark_key(struct cache_set *c, int level, struct bkey *k);
void bch_cannibalize_unlock(struct cache_set *c);
static inline void wake_up_gc(struct cache_set *c)
{
wake_up(&c->gc_wait);
}
static inline void force_wake_up_gc(struct cache_set *c)
{
/*
* Garbage collection thread only works when sectors_to_gc < 0 ,
* calling wake_up_gc ( ) won ' t start gc thread if sectors_to_gc is
* not a nagetive value .
* Therefore sectors_to_gc is set to - 1 here , before waking up
* gc thread by calling wake_up_gc ( ) . Then gc_should_run ( ) will
* give a chance to permit gc thread to run . " Give a chance " means
* before going into gc_should_run ( ) , there is still possibility
* that c - > sectors_to_gc being set to other positive value . So
* this routine won ' t 100 % make sure gc thread will be woken up
* to run .
*/
atomic_set(&c->sectors_to_gc, -1 );
wake_up_gc(c);
}
/*
* These macros are for recursing down the btree - they handle the details of
* locking and looking up nodes in the cache for you . They ' re best treated as
* mere syntax when reading code that uses them .
*
* op - > lock determines whether we take a read or a write lock at a given depth .
* If you ' ve got a read lock and find that you need a write lock ( i . e . you ' re
* going to have to split ) , set op - > lock and return - EINTR ; btree_root ( ) will
* call you again and you ' ll have the correct lock .
*/
/**
* btree - recurse down the btree on a specified key
* @ fn : function to call , which will be passed the child node
* @ key : key to recurse on
* @ b : parent btree node
* @ op : pointer to struct btree_op
*/
#define bcache_btree(fn, key, b, op, ...) \
({ \
int _r, l = (b)->level - 1 ; \
bool _w = l <= (op)->lock; \
struct btree *_child = bch_btree_node_get((b)->c, op, key, l, \
_w, b); \
if (!IS_ERR(_child)) { \
_r = bch_btree_ ## fn(_child, op, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
rw_unlock(_w, _child); \
} else \
_r = PTR_ERR(_child); \
_r; \
})
/**
* btree_root - call a function on the root of the btree
* @ fn : function to call , which will be passed the child node
* @ c : cache set
* @ op : pointer to struct btree_op
*/
#define bcache_btree_root(fn, c, op, ...) \
({ \
int _r = -EINTR; \
do { \
struct btree *_b = (c)->root; \
bool _w = insert_lock(op, _b); \
rw_lock(_w, _b, _b->level); \
if (_b == (c)->root && \
_w == insert_lock(op, _b)) { \
_r = bch_btree_ ## fn(_b, op, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
} \
rw_unlock(_w, _b); \
bch_cannibalize_unlock(c); \
if (_r == -EINTR) \
schedule(); \
} while (_r == -EINTR); \
\
finish_wait(&(c)->btree_cache_wait, &(op)->wait); \
_r; \
})
#define MAP_DONE 0
#define MAP_CONTINUE 1
#define MAP_ALL_NODES 0
#define MAP_LEAF_NODES 1
#define MAP_END_KEY 1
typedef int (btree_map_nodes_fn)(struct btree_op *b_op, struct btree *b);
int __bch_btree_map_nodes(struct btree_op *op, struct cache_set *c,
struct bkey *from, btree_map_nodes_fn *fn, int flags);
static inline int bch_btree_map_nodes(struct btree_op *op, struct cache_set *c,
struct bkey *from, btree_map_nodes_fn *fn)
{
return __bch_btree_map_nodes(op, c, from, fn, MAP_ALL_NODES);
}
static inline int bch_btree_map_leaf_nodes(struct btree_op *op,
struct cache_set *c,
struct bkey *from,
btree_map_nodes_fn *fn)
{
return __bch_btree_map_nodes(op, c, from, fn, MAP_LEAF_NODES);
}
typedef int (btree_map_keys_fn)(struct btree_op *op, struct btree *b,
struct bkey *k);
int bch_btree_map_keys(struct btree_op *op, struct cache_set *c,
struct bkey *from, btree_map_keys_fn *fn, int flags);
int bch_btree_map_keys_recurse(struct btree *b, struct btree_op *op,
struct bkey *from, btree_map_keys_fn *fn,
int flags);
typedef bool (keybuf_pred_fn)(struct keybuf *buf, struct bkey *k);
void bch_keybuf_init(struct keybuf *buf);
void bch_refill_keybuf(struct cache_set *c, struct keybuf *buf,
struct bkey *end, keybuf_pred_fn *pred);
bool bch_keybuf_check_overlapping(struct keybuf *buf, struct bkey *start,
struct bkey *end);
void bch_keybuf_del(struct keybuf *buf, struct keybuf_key *w);
struct keybuf_key *bch_keybuf_next(struct keybuf *buf);
struct keybuf_key *bch_keybuf_next_rescan(struct cache_set *c,
struct keybuf *buf,
struct bkey *end,
keybuf_pred_fn *pred);
void bch_update_bucket_in_use(struct cache_set *c, struct gc_stat *stats);
#endif
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