// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later /* binfmt_elf_fdpic.c: FDPIC ELF binary format * * Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com) * Derived from binfmt_elf.c
*/
/* check that this is a binary we know how to deal with */
retval = -ENOEXEC; if (!is_elf(&exec_params.hdr, bprm->file)) goto error; if (!elf_check_fdpic(&exec_params.hdr)) { #ifdef CONFIG_MMU /* binfmt_elf handles non-fdpic elf except on nommu */ goto error; #else /* nommu can only load ET_DYN (PIE) ELF */ if (exec_params.hdr.e_type != ET_DYN) goto error; #endif
}
/* read the program header table */
retval = elf_fdpic_fetch_phdrs(&exec_params, bprm->file); if (retval < 0) goto error;
/* scan for a program header that specifies an interpreter */
phdr = exec_params.phdrs;
for (i = 0; i < exec_params.hdr.e_phnum; i++, phdr++) { switch (phdr->p_type) { case PT_INTERP:
retval = -ENOMEM; if (phdr->p_filesz > PATH_MAX) goto error;
retval = -ENOENT; if (phdr->p_filesz < 2) goto error;
/* read the name of the interpreter into memory */
interpreter_name = kmalloc(phdr->p_filesz, GFP_KERNEL); if (!interpreter_name) goto error;
/* replace the program with the interpreter */
interpreter = open_exec(interpreter_name);
retval = PTR_ERR(interpreter); if (IS_ERR(interpreter)) {
interpreter = NULL; goto error;
}
/* * If the binary is not readable then enforce * mm->dumpable = 0 regardless of the interpreter's * permissions.
*/
would_dump(bprm, interpreter);
retval = -ENOEXEC; if (stack_size == 0)
stack_size = 131072UL; /* same as exec.c's default commit */
if (is_constdisp(&interp_params.hdr))
interp_params.flags |= ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP;
/* flush all traces of the currently running executable */
retval = begin_new_exec(bprm); if (retval) goto error;
/* there's now no turning back... the old userspace image is dead, * defunct, deceased, etc.
*/
SET_PERSONALITY(exec_params.hdr); if (elf_check_fdpic(&exec_params.hdr))
current->personality |= PER_LINUX_FDPIC; if (elf_read_implies_exec(&exec_params.hdr, executable_stack))
current->personality |= READ_IMPLIES_EXEC;
#ifdef ELF_FDPIC_PLAT_INIT /* * The ABI may specify that certain registers be set up in special * ways (on i386 %edx is the address of a DT_FINI function, for * example. This macro performs whatever initialization to * the regs structure is required.
*/
dynaddr = interp_params.dynamic_addr ?: exec_params.dynamic_addr;
ELF_FDPIC_PLAT_INIT(regs, exec_params.map_addr, interp_params.map_addr,
dynaddr); #endif
finalize_exec(bprm); /* everything is now ready... get the userspace context ready to roll */
entryaddr = interp_params.entry_addr ?: exec_params.entry_addr;
start_thread(regs, entryaddr, current->mm->start_stack);
#ifndef ELF_BASE_PLATFORM /* * AT_BASE_PLATFORM indicates the "real" hardware/microarchitecture. * If the arch defines ELF_BASE_PLATFORM (in asm/elf.h), the value * will be copied to the user stack in the same manner as AT_PLATFORM.
*/ #define ELF_BASE_PLATFORM NULL #endif
/* * present useful information to the program by shovelling it onto the new * process's stack
*/ staticint create_elf_fdpic_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm, struct mm_struct *mm, struct elf_fdpic_params *exec_params, struct elf_fdpic_params *interp_params)
{ conststruct cred *cred = current_cred(); unsignedlong sp, csp, nitems;
elf_caddr_t __user *argv, *envp;
size_t platform_len = 0, len; char *k_platform, *k_base_platform; char __user *u_platform, *u_base_platform, *p; int loop; unsignedlong flags = 0; int ei_index;
elf_addr_t *elf_info;
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU /* In some cases (e.g. Hyper-Threading), we want to avoid L1 evictions * by the processes running on the same package. One thing we can do is * to shuffle the initial stack for them, so we give the architecture * an opportunity to do so here.
*/
sp = arch_align_stack(bprm->p); #else
sp = mm->start_stack;
/* stack the program arguments and environment */ if (transfer_args_to_stack(bprm, &sp) < 0) return -EFAULT;
sp &= ~15; #endif
/* * If this architecture has a platform capability string, copy it * to userspace. In some cases (Sparc), this info is impossible * for userspace to get any other way, in others (i386) it is * merely difficult.
*/
k_platform = ELF_PLATFORM;
u_platform = NULL;
/* * If this architecture has a "base" platform capability * string, copy it to userspace.
*/
k_base_platform = ELF_BASE_PLATFORM;
u_base_platform = NULL;
/* Create the ELF interpreter info */
elf_info = (elf_addr_t *)mm->saved_auxv; /* update AT_VECTOR_SIZE_BASE if the number of NEW_AUX_ENT() changes */ #define NEW_AUX_ENT(id, val) \ do { \
*elf_info++ = id; \
*elf_info++ = val; \
} while (0)
#ifdef ARCH_DLINFO /* * ARCH_DLINFO must come first so PPC can do its special alignment of * AUXV. * update AT_VECTOR_SIZE_ARCH if the number of NEW_AUX_ENT() in * ARCH_DLINFO changes
*/
ARCH_DLINFO; #endif
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP, ELF_HWCAP); #ifdef ELF_HWCAP2
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP2, ELF_HWCAP2); #endif #ifdef ELF_HWCAP3
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP3, ELF_HWCAP3); #endif #ifdef ELF_HWCAP4
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP4, ELF_HWCAP4); #endif
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PAGESZ, PAGE_SIZE);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_CLKTCK, CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHDR, exec_params->ph_addr);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHENT, sizeof(struct elf_phdr));
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHNUM, exec_params->hdr.e_phnum);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_BASE, interp_params->elfhdr_addr); if (bprm->interp_flags & BINPRM_FLAGS_PRESERVE_ARGV0)
flags |= AT_FLAGS_PRESERVE_ARGV0;
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_FLAGS, flags);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_ENTRY, exec_params->entry_addr);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_UID, (elf_addr_t) from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->uid));
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID, (elf_addr_t) from_kuid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->euid));
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID, (elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->gid));
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID, (elf_addr_t) from_kgid_munged(cred->user_ns, cred->egid));
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, bprm->secureexec);
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EXECFN, bprm->exec); if (k_platform)
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PLATFORM,
(elf_addr_t)(unsignedlong)u_platform); if (k_base_platform)
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_BASE_PLATFORM,
(elf_addr_t)(unsignedlong)u_base_platform); if (bprm->have_execfd)
NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EXECFD, bprm->execfd); #undef NEW_AUX_ENT /* AT_NULL is zero; clear the rest too */
memset(elf_info, 0, (char *)mm->saved_auxv + sizeof(mm->saved_auxv) - (char *)elf_info);
/* And advance past the AT_NULL entry. */
elf_info += 2;
/* Put the elf_info on the stack in the right place. */ if (copy_to_user((void __user *)csp, mm->saved_auxv,
ei_index * sizeof(elf_addr_t))) return -EFAULT;
/* fill in the argv[] array */ #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
current->mm->arg_start = bprm->p; #else
current->mm->arg_start = current->mm->start_stack -
(MAX_ARG_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE - bprm->p); #endif
p = (char __user *) current->mm->arg_start; for (loop = bprm->argc; loop > 0; loop--) { if (put_user((elf_caddr_t) p, argv++)) return -EFAULT;
len = strnlen_user(p, MAX_ARG_STRLEN); if (!len || len > MAX_ARG_STRLEN) return -EINVAL;
p += len;
} if (put_user(NULL, argv)) return -EFAULT;
current->mm->arg_end = (unsignedlong) p;
/* fill in the envv[] array */
current->mm->env_start = (unsignedlong) p; for (loop = bprm->envc; loop > 0; loop--) { if (put_user((elf_caddr_t)(unsignedlong) p, envp++)) return -EFAULT;
len = strnlen_user(p, MAX_ARG_STRLEN); if (!len || len > MAX_ARG_STRLEN) return -EINVAL;
p += len;
} if (put_user(NULL, envp)) return -EFAULT;
current->mm->env_end = (unsignedlong) p;
mm->start_stack = (unsignedlong) sp; return 0;
}
/*****************************************************************************/ /* * load the appropriate binary image (executable or interpreter) into memory * - we assume no MMU is available * - if no other PIC bits are set in params->hdr->e_flags * - we assume that the LOADable segments in the binary are independently relocatable * - we assume R/O executable segments are shareable * - else * - we assume the loadable parts of the image to require fixed displacement * - the image is not shareable
*/ staticint elf_fdpic_map_file(struct elf_fdpic_params *params, struct file *file, struct mm_struct *mm, constchar *what)
{ struct elf_fdpic_loadmap *loadmap; #ifdef CONFIG_MMU struct elf_fdpic_loadseg *mseg; unsignedlong load_addr; #endif struct elf_fdpic_loadseg *seg; struct elf_phdr *phdr; unsigned nloads, tmp; unsignedlong stop; int loop, ret;
/* allocate a load map table */
nloads = 0; for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++) if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type == PT_LOAD)
nloads++;
if (nloads == 0) return -ELIBBAD;
loadmap = kzalloc(struct_size(loadmap, segs, nloads), GFP_KERNEL); if (!loadmap) return -ENOMEM;
/* map the requested LOADs into the memory space */ switch (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_ARRANGEMENT) { case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP: case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONTIGUOUS: #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
ret = elf_fdpic_map_file_constdisp_on_uclinux(params, file, mm); if (ret < 0) return ret; break; #endif default:
ret = elf_fdpic_map_file_by_direct_mmap(params, file, mm); if (ret < 0) return ret; break;
}
/* map the entry point */ if (params->hdr.e_entry) {
seg = loadmap->segs; for (loop = loadmap->nsegs; loop > 0; loop--, seg++) { if (params->hdr.e_entry >= seg->p_vaddr &&
params->hdr.e_entry < seg->p_vaddr + seg->p_memsz) {
params->entry_addr =
(params->hdr.e_entry - seg->p_vaddr) +
seg->addr; break;
}
}
}
/* determine where the program header table has wound up if mapped */
stop = params->hdr.e_phoff;
stop += params->hdr.e_phnum * sizeof (struct elf_phdr);
phdr = params->phdrs;
for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) { if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD) continue;
/* determine where the dynamic section has wound up if there is one */
phdr = params->phdrs; for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) { if (phdr->p_type != PT_DYNAMIC) continue;
/* check the dynamic section contains at least * one item, and that the last item is a NULL
* entry */ if (phdr->p_memsz == 0 ||
phdr->p_memsz % sizeof(Elf_Dyn) != 0) goto dynamic_error;
/* now elide adjacent segments in the load map on MMU linux * - on uClinux the holes between may actually be filled with system * stuff or stuff from other processes
*/ #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
nloads = loadmap->nsegs;
mseg = loadmap->segs;
seg = mseg + 1; for (loop = 1; loop < nloads; loop++) { /* see if we have a candidate for merging */ if (seg->p_vaddr - mseg->p_vaddr == seg->addr - mseg->addr) {
load_addr = PAGE_ALIGN(mseg->addr + mseg->p_memsz); if (load_addr == (seg->addr & PAGE_MASK)) {
mseg->p_memsz +=
load_addr -
(mseg->addr + mseg->p_memsz);
mseg->p_memsz += seg->addr & ~PAGE_MASK;
mseg->p_memsz += seg->p_memsz;
loadmap->nsegs--; continue;
}
}
/*****************************************************************************/ /* * map a file with constant displacement under uClinux
*/ #ifndef CONFIG_MMU staticint elf_fdpic_map_file_constdisp_on_uclinux( struct elf_fdpic_params *params, struct file *file, struct mm_struct *mm)
{ struct elf_fdpic_loadseg *seg; struct elf_phdr *phdr; unsignedlong load_addr, base = ULONG_MAX, top = 0, maddr = 0; int loop, ret;
load_addr = params->load_addr;
seg = params->loadmap->segs;
/* determine the bounds of the contiguous overall allocation we must
* make */
phdr = params->phdrs; for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) { if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type != PT_LOAD) continue;
if (base > phdr->p_vaddr)
base = phdr->p_vaddr; if (top < phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz)
top = phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz;
}
/* allocate one big anon block for everything */
maddr = vm_mmap(NULL, load_addr, top - base,
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, 0); if (IS_ERR_VALUE(maddr)) return (int) maddr;
if (load_addr != 0)
load_addr += PAGE_ALIGN(top - base);
/* and then load the file segments into it */
phdr = params->phdrs; for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) { if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type != PT_LOAD) continue;
ret = read_code(file, seg->addr, phdr->p_offset,
phdr->p_filesz); if (ret < 0) return ret;
/* map the ELF header address if in this segment */ if (phdr->p_offset == 0)
params->elfhdr_addr = seg->addr;
/* clear any space allocated but not loaded */ if (phdr->p_filesz < phdr->p_memsz) { if (clear_user((void *) (seg->addr + phdr->p_filesz),
phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz)) return -EFAULT;
}
/* determine the mapping parameters */ if (phdr->p_flags & PF_R) prot |= PROT_READ; if (phdr->p_flags & PF_W) prot |= PROT_WRITE; if (phdr->p_flags & PF_X) prot |= PROT_EXEC;
flags = MAP_PRIVATE;
maddr = 0;
switch (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_ARRANGEMENT) { case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_INDEPENDENT: /* PT_LOADs are independently locatable */ break;
case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_HONOURVADDR: /* the specified virtual address must be honoured */
maddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
flags |= MAP_FIXED; break;
case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP: /* constant displacement * - can be mapped anywhere, but must be mapped as a * unit
*/ if (!dvset) {
maddr = load_addr;
delta_vaddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
dvset = 1;
} else {
maddr = load_addr + phdr->p_vaddr - delta_vaddr;
flags |= MAP_FIXED;
} break;
case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONTIGUOUS: /* contiguity handled later */ break;
/* map the ELF header address if in this segment */ if (phdr->p_offset == 0)
params->elfhdr_addr = seg->addr;
/* clear the bit between beginning of mapping and beginning of
* PT_LOAD */ if (prot & PROT_WRITE && disp > 0) {
kdebug("clear[%d] ad=%lx sz=%lx", loop, maddr, disp); if (clear_user((void __user *) maddr, disp)) return -EFAULT;
maddr += disp;
}
/* clear any space allocated but not loaded * - on uClinux we can just clear the lot * - on MMU linux we'll get a SIGBUS beyond the last page * extant in the file
*/
excess = phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz;
/*****************************************************************************/ /* * ELF-FDPIC core dumper * * Modelled on fs/exec.c:aout_core_dump() * Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@sw.oz.au> * * Modelled on fs/binfmt_elf.c core dumper
*/ #ifdef CONFIG_ELF_CORE
struct elf_prstatus_fdpic
{ struct elf_prstatus_common common;
elf_gregset_t pr_reg; /* GP registers */ /* When using FDPIC, the loadmap addresses need to be communicated * to GDB in order for GDB to do the necessary relocations. The * fields (below) used to communicate this information are placed * immediately after ``pr_reg'', so that the loadmap addresses may * be viewed as part of the register set if so desired.
*/ unsignedlong pr_exec_fdpic_loadmap; unsignedlong pr_interp_fdpic_loadmap; int pr_fpvalid; /* True if math co-processor being used. */
};
/* An ELF note in memory */ struct memelfnote
{ constchar *name; int type; unsignedint datasz; void *data;
};
staticint notesize(struct memelfnote *en)
{ int sz;
/* * fill up all the fields in prstatus from the given task struct, except * registers which need to be filled up separately.
*/ staticvoid fill_prstatus(struct elf_prstatus_common *prstatus, struct task_struct *p, long signr)
{
prstatus->pr_info.si_signo = prstatus->pr_cursig = signr;
prstatus->pr_sigpend = p->pending.signal.sig[0];
prstatus->pr_sighold = p->blocked.sig[0];
rcu_read_lock();
prstatus->pr_ppid = task_pid_vnr(rcu_dereference(p->real_parent));
rcu_read_unlock();
prstatus->pr_pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
prstatus->pr_pgrp = task_pgrp_vnr(p);
prstatus->pr_sid = task_session_vnr(p); if (thread_group_leader(p)) { struct task_cputime cputime;
/* * This is the record for the group leader. It shows the * group-wide total, not its individual thread total.
*/
thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
prstatus->pr_utime = ns_to_kernel_old_timeval(cputime.utime);
prstatus->pr_stime = ns_to_kernel_old_timeval(cputime.stime);
} else {
u64 utime, stime;
/* Here is the structure in which status of each thread is captured. */ struct elf_thread_status
{ struct elf_thread_status *next; struct elf_prstatus_fdpic prstatus; /* NT_PRSTATUS */
elf_fpregset_t fpu; /* NT_PRFPREG */ struct memelfnote notes[2]; int num_notes;
};
/* * In order to add the specific thread information for the elf file format, * we need to keep a linked list of every thread's pr_status and then create * a single section for them in the final core file.
*/ staticstruct elf_thread_status *elf_dump_thread_status(long signr, struct task_struct *p, int *sz)
{ conststruct user_regset_view *view = task_user_regset_view(p); struct elf_thread_status *t; int i, ret;
t = kzalloc(sizeof(struct elf_thread_status), GFP_KERNEL); if (!t) return t;
/* * dump the segments for an MMU process
*/ staticbool elf_fdpic_dump_segments(struct coredump_params *cprm, struct core_vma_metadata *vma_meta, int vma_count)
{ int i;
for (i = 0; i < vma_count; i++) { struct core_vma_metadata *meta = vma_meta + i;
if (!dump_user_range(cprm, meta->start, meta->dump_size)) returnfalse;
} returntrue;
}
/* * Actual dumper * * This is a two-pass process; first we find the offsets of the bits, * and then they are actually written out. If we run out of core limit * we just truncate.
*/ staticint elf_fdpic_core_dump(struct coredump_params *cprm)
{ int has_dumped = 0; int segs; int i; struct elfhdr *elf = NULL;
loff_t offset = 0, dataoff; struct memelfnote psinfo_note, auxv_note; struct elf_prpsinfo *psinfo = NULL; /* NT_PRPSINFO */ struct elf_thread_status *thread_list = NULL; int thread_status_size = 0;
elf_addr_t *auxv; struct elf_phdr *phdr4note = NULL; struct elf_shdr *shdr4extnum = NULL;
Elf_Half e_phnum;
elf_addr_t e_shoff; struct core_thread *ct; struct elf_thread_status *tmp;
/* alloc memory for large data structures: too large to be on stack */
elf = kmalloc(sizeof(*elf), GFP_KERNEL); if (!elf) goto end_coredump;
psinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*psinfo), GFP_KERNEL); if (!psinfo) goto end_coredump;
for (ct = current->signal->core_state->dumper.next;
ct; ct = ct->next) {
tmp = elf_dump_thread_status(cprm->siginfo->si_signo,
ct->task, &thread_status_size); if (!tmp) goto end_coredump;
tmp->next = thread_list;
thread_list = tmp;
}
/* now collect the dump for the current */
tmp = elf_dump_thread_status(cprm->siginfo->si_signo,
current, &thread_status_size); if (!tmp) goto end_coredump;
tmp->next = thread_list;
thread_list = tmp;
/* If segs > PN_XNUM(0xffff), then e_phnum overflows. To avoid * this, kernel supports extended numbering. Have a look at
* include/linux/elf.h for further information. */
e_phnum = segs > PN_XNUM ? PN_XNUM : segs;
/* Set up header */
fill_elf_fdpic_header(elf, e_phnum);
has_dumped = 1; /* * Set up the notes in similar form to SVR4 core dumps made * with info from their /proc.
*/
if (!dump_emit(cprm, &phdr, sizeof(phdr))) goto end_coredump;
}
if (!elf_core_write_extra_phdrs(cprm, offset)) goto end_coredump;
/* write out the notes section */ if (!writenote(thread_list->notes, cprm)) goto end_coredump; if (!writenote(&psinfo_note, cprm)) goto end_coredump; if (!writenote(&auxv_note, cprm)) goto end_coredump; for (i = 1; i < thread_list->num_notes; i++) if (!writenote(thread_list->notes + i, cprm)) goto end_coredump;
/* write out the thread status notes section */ for (tmp = thread_list->next; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) { for (i = 0; i < tmp->num_notes; i++) if (!writenote(&tmp->notes[i], cprm)) goto end_coredump;
}
dump_skip_to(cprm, dataoff);
if (!elf_fdpic_dump_segments(cprm, cprm->vma_meta, cprm->vma_count)) goto end_coredump;
if (!elf_core_write_extra_data(cprm)) goto end_coredump;
if (e_phnum == PN_XNUM) { if (!dump_emit(cprm, shdr4extnum, sizeof(*shdr4extnum))) goto end_coredump;
}
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