Quelle stop_machine.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* kernel / stop_machine . c
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2008 , 2005 IBM Corporation .
* Copyright ( C ) 2008 , 2005 Rusty Russell rusty @ rustcorp . com . au
* Copyright ( C ) 2010 SUSE Linux Products GmbH
* Copyright ( C ) 2010 Tejun Heo < tj @ kernel . org >
*/
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/smpboot.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/sched/wake_q.h>
/*
* Structure to determine completion condition and record errors . May
* be shared by works on different cpus .
*/
struct cpu_stop_done {
atomic_t nr_todo; /* nr left to execute */
int ret; /* collected return value */
struct completion completion; /* fired if nr_todo reaches 0 */
};
/* the actual stopper, one per every possible cpu, enabled on online cpus */
struct cpu_stopper {
struct task_struct *thread;
raw_spinlock_t lock;
bool enabled; /* is this stopper enabled? */
struct list_head works; /* list of pending works */
struct cpu_stop_work stop_work; /* for stop_cpus */
unsigned long caller;
cpu_stop_fn_t fn;
};
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_stopper, cpu_stopper);
static bool stop_machine_initialized = false ;
void print_stop_info(const char *log_lvl, struct task_struct *task)
{
/*
* If @ task is a stopper task , it cannot migrate and task_cpu ( ) is
* stable .
*/
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_stopper, task_cpu(task));
if (task != stopper->thread)
return ;
printk("%sStopper: %pS <- %pS\n" , log_lvl, stopper->fn, (void *)stopper->caller);
}
/* static data for stop_cpus */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(stop_cpus_mutex);
static bool stop_cpus_in_progress;
static void cpu_stop_init_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done, unsigned int nr_todo)
{
memset(done, 0 , sizeof (*done));
atomic_set(&done->nr_todo, nr_todo);
init_completion(&done->completion);
}
/* signal completion unless @done is NULL */
static void cpu_stop_signal_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done)
{
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&done->nr_todo))
complete(&done->completion);
}
static void __cpu_stop_queue_work(struct cpu_stopper *stopper,
struct cpu_stop_work *work)
{
list_add_tail(&work->list, &stopper->works);
}
/* queue @work to @stopper. if offline, @work is completed immediately */
static bool cpu_stop_queue_work(unsigned int cpu, struct cpu_stop_work *work)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
unsigned long flags;
bool enabled;
preempt_disable();
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&stopper->lock, flags);
enabled = stopper->enabled;
if (enabled)
__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper, work);
else if (work->done)
cpu_stop_signal_done(work->done);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stopper->lock, flags);
if (enabled)
wake_up_process(stopper->thread);
preempt_enable();
return enabled;
}
/**
* stop_one_cpu - stop a cpu
* @ cpu : cpu to stop
* @ fn : function to execute
* @ arg : argument to @ fn
*
* Execute @ fn ( @ arg ) on @ cpu . @ fn is run in a process context with
* the highest priority preempting any task on the cpu and
* monopolizing it . This function returns after the execution is
* complete .
*
* This function doesn ' t guarantee @ cpu stays online till @ fn
* completes . If @ cpu goes down in the middle , execution may happen
* partially or fully on different cpus . @ fn should either be ready
* for that or the caller should ensure that @ cpu stays online until
* this function completes .
*
* CONTEXT :
* Might sleep .
*
* RETURNS :
* - ENOENT if @ fn ( @ arg ) was not executed because @ cpu was offline ;
* otherwise , the return value of @ fn .
*/
int stop_one_cpu(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
struct cpu_stop_done done;
struct cpu_stop_work work = { .fn = fn, .arg = arg, .done = &done, .caller = _RET_IP_ };
cpu_stop_init_done(&done, 1 );
if (!cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, &work))
return -ENOENT;
/*
* In case @ cpu = = smp_proccessor_id ( ) we can avoid a sleep + wakeup
* cycle by doing a preemption :
*/
cond_resched();
wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
return done.ret;
}
/* This controls the threads on each CPU. */
enum multi_stop_state {
/* Dummy starting state for thread. */
MULTI_STOP_NONE,
/* Awaiting everyone to be scheduled. */
MULTI_STOP_PREPARE,
/* Disable interrupts. */
MULTI_STOP_DISABLE_IRQ,
/* Run the function */
MULTI_STOP_RUN,
/* Exit */
MULTI_STOP_EXIT,
};
struct multi_stop_data {
cpu_stop_fn_t fn;
void *data;
/* Like num_online_cpus(), but hotplug cpu uses us, so we need this. */
unsigned int num_threads;
const struct cpumask *active_cpus;
enum multi_stop_state state;
atomic_t thread_ack;
};
static void set_state(struct multi_stop_data *msdata,
enum multi_stop_state newstate)
{
/* Reset ack counter. */
atomic_set(&msdata->thread_ack, msdata->num_threads);
smp_wmb();
WRITE_ONCE(msdata->state, newstate);
}
/* Last one to ack a state moves to the next state. */
static void ack_state(struct multi_stop_data *msdata)
{
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&msdata->thread_ack))
set_state(msdata, msdata->state + 1 );
}
notrace void __weak stop_machine_yield(const struct cpumask *cpumask)
{
cpu_relax();
}
/* This is the cpu_stop function which stops the CPU. */
static int multi_cpu_stop(void *data)
{
struct multi_stop_data *msdata = data;
enum multi_stop_state newstate, curstate = MULTI_STOP_NONE;
int cpu = smp_processor_id(), err = 0 ;
const struct cpumask *cpumask;
unsigned long flags;
bool is_active;
/*
* When called from stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu ( ) , irq might
* already be disabled . Save the state and restore it on exit .
*/
local_save_flags(flags);
if (!msdata->active_cpus) {
cpumask = cpu_online_mask;
is_active = cpu == cpumask_first(cpumask);
} else {
cpumask = msdata->active_cpus;
is_active = cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpumask);
}
/* Simple state machine */
do {
/* Chill out and ensure we re-read multi_stop_state. */
stop_machine_yield(cpumask);
newstate = READ_ONCE(msdata->state);
if (newstate != curstate) {
curstate = newstate;
switch (curstate) {
case MULTI_STOP_DISABLE_IRQ:
local_irq_disable();
hard_irq_disable();
break ;
case MULTI_STOP_RUN:
if (is_active)
err = msdata->fn(msdata->data);
break ;
default :
break ;
}
ack_state(msdata);
} else if (curstate > MULTI_STOP_PREPARE) {
/*
* At this stage all other CPUs we depend on must spin
* in the same loop . Any reason for hard - lockup should
* be detected and reported on their side .
*/
touch_nmi_watchdog();
/* Also suppress RCU CPU stall warnings. */
rcu_momentary_eqs();
}
} while (curstate != MULTI_STOP_EXIT);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return err;
}
static int cpu_stop_queue_two_works(int cpu1, struct cpu_stop_work *work1,
int cpu2, struct cpu_stop_work *work2)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper1 = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_stopper, cpu1);
struct cpu_stopper *stopper2 = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_stopper, cpu2);
int err;
retry:
/*
* The waking up of stopper threads has to happen in the same
* scheduling context as the queueing . Otherwise , there is a
* possibility of one of the above stoppers being woken up by another
* CPU , and preempting us . This will cause us to not wake up the other
* stopper forever .
*/
preempt_disable();
raw_spin_lock_irq(&stopper1->lock);
raw_spin_lock_nested(&stopper2->lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
if (!stopper1->enabled || !stopper2->enabled) {
err = -ENOENT;
goto unlock;
}
/*
* Ensure that if we race with _ _ stop_cpus ( ) the stoppers won ' t get
* queued up in reverse order leading to system deadlock .
*
* We can ' t miss stop_cpus_in_progress if queue_stop_cpus_work ( ) has
* queued a work on cpu1 but not on cpu2 , we hold both locks .
*
* It can be falsely true but it is safe to spin until it is cleared ,
* queue_stop_cpus_work ( ) does everything under preempt_disable ( ) .
*/
if (unlikely(stop_cpus_in_progress)) {
err = -EDEADLK;
goto unlock;
}
err = 0 ;
__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper1, work1);
__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper2, work2);
unlock:
raw_spin_unlock(&stopper2->lock);
raw_spin_unlock_irq(&stopper1->lock);
if (unlikely(err == -EDEADLK)) {
preempt_enable();
while (stop_cpus_in_progress)
cpu_relax();
goto retry;
}
if (!err) {
wake_up_process(stopper1->thread);
wake_up_process(stopper2->thread);
}
preempt_enable();
return err;
}
/**
* stop_two_cpus - stops two cpus
* @ cpu1 : the cpu to stop
* @ cpu2 : the other cpu to stop
* @ fn : function to execute
* @ arg : argument to @ fn
*
* Stops both the current and specified CPU and runs @ fn on one of them .
*
* returns when both are completed .
*/
int stop_two_cpus(unsigned int cpu1, unsigned int cpu2, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
struct cpu_stop_done done;
struct cpu_stop_work work1, work2;
struct multi_stop_data msdata;
msdata = (struct multi_stop_data){
.fn = fn,
.data = arg,
.num_threads = 2 ,
.active_cpus = cpumask_of(cpu1),
};
work1 = work2 = (struct cpu_stop_work){
.fn = multi_cpu_stop,
.arg = &msdata,
.done = &done,
.caller = _RET_IP_,
};
cpu_stop_init_done(&done, 2 );
set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
if (cpu1 > cpu2)
swap(cpu1, cpu2);
if (cpu_stop_queue_two_works(cpu1, &work1, cpu2, &work2))
return -ENOENT;
wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
return done.ret;
}
/**
* stop_one_cpu_nowait - stop a cpu but don ' t wait for completion
* @ cpu : cpu to stop
* @ fn : function to execute
* @ arg : argument to @ fn
* @ work_buf : pointer to cpu_stop_work structure
*
* Similar to stop_one_cpu ( ) but doesn ' t wait for completion . The
* caller is responsible for ensuring @ work_buf is currently unused
* and will remain untouched until stopper starts executing @ fn .
*
* CONTEXT :
* Don ' t care .
*
* RETURNS :
* true if cpu_stop_work was queued successfully and @ fn will be called ,
* false otherwise .
*/
bool stop_one_cpu_nowait(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg,
struct cpu_stop_work *work_buf)
{
*work_buf = (struct cpu_stop_work){ .fn = fn, .arg = arg, .caller = _RET_IP_, };
return cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, work_buf);
}
static bool queue_stop_cpus_work(const struct cpumask *cpumask,
cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg,
struct cpu_stop_done *done)
{
struct cpu_stop_work *work;
unsigned int cpu;
bool queued = false ;
/*
* Disable preemption while queueing to avoid getting
* preempted by a stopper which might wait for other stoppers
* to enter @ fn which can lead to deadlock .
*/
preempt_disable();
stop_cpus_in_progress = true ;
barrier();
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask) {
work = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper.stop_work, cpu);
work->fn = fn;
work->arg = arg;
work->done = done;
work->caller = _RET_IP_;
if (cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, work))
queued = true ;
}
barrier();
stop_cpus_in_progress = false ;
preempt_enable();
return queued;
}
static int __stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask,
cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
struct cpu_stop_done done;
cpu_stop_init_done(&done, cpumask_weight(cpumask));
if (!queue_stop_cpus_work(cpumask, fn, arg, &done))
return -ENOENT;
wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
return done.ret;
}
/**
* stop_cpus - stop multiple cpus
* @ cpumask : cpus to stop
* @ fn : function to execute
* @ arg : argument to @ fn
*
* Execute @ fn ( @ arg ) on online cpus in @ cpumask . On each target cpu ,
* @ fn is run in a process context with the highest priority
* preempting any task on the cpu and monopolizing it . This function
* returns after all executions are complete .
*
* This function doesn ' t guarantee the cpus in @ cpumask stay online
* till @ fn completes . If some cpus go down in the middle , execution
* on the cpu may happen partially or fully on different cpus . @ fn
* should either be ready for that or the caller should ensure that
* the cpus stay online until this function completes .
*
* All stop_cpus ( ) calls are serialized making it safe for @ fn to wait
* for all cpus to start executing it .
*
* CONTEXT :
* Might sleep .
*
* RETURNS :
* - ENOENT if @ fn ( @ arg ) was not executed at all because all cpus in
* @ cpumask were offline ; otherwise , 0 if all executions of @ fn
* returned 0 , any non zero return value if any returned non zero .
*/
static int stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
int ret;
/* static works are used, process one request at a time */
mutex_lock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
ret = __stop_cpus(cpumask, fn, arg);
mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
return ret;
}
static int cpu_stop_should_run(unsigned int cpu)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
unsigned long flags;
int run;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&stopper->lock, flags);
run = !list_empty(&stopper->works);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stopper->lock, flags);
return run;
}
static void cpu_stopper_thread(unsigned int cpu)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
struct cpu_stop_work *work;
repeat:
work = NULL;
raw_spin_lock_irq(&stopper->lock);
if (!list_empty(&stopper->works)) {
work = list_first_entry(&stopper->works,
struct cpu_stop_work, list);
list_del_init(&work->list);
}
raw_spin_unlock_irq(&stopper->lock);
if (work) {
cpu_stop_fn_t fn = work->fn;
void *arg = work->arg;
struct cpu_stop_done *done = work->done;
int ret;
/* cpu stop callbacks must not sleep, make in_atomic() == T */
stopper->caller = work->caller;
stopper->fn = fn;
preempt_count_inc();
ret = fn(arg);
if (done) {
if (ret)
done->ret = ret;
cpu_stop_signal_done(done);
}
preempt_count_dec();
stopper->fn = NULL;
stopper->caller = 0 ;
WARN_ONCE(preempt_count(),
"cpu_stop: %ps(%p) leaked preempt count\n" , fn, arg);
goto repeat;
}
}
void stop_machine_park(int cpu)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
/*
* Lockless . cpu_stopper_thread ( ) will take stopper - > lock and flush
* the pending works before it parks , until then it is fine to queue
* the new works .
*/
stopper->enabled = false ;
kthread_park(stopper->thread);
}
static void cpu_stop_create(unsigned int cpu)
{
sched_set_stop_task(cpu, per_cpu(cpu_stopper.thread, cpu));
}
static void cpu_stop_park(unsigned int cpu)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
WARN_ON(!list_empty(&stopper->works));
}
void stop_machine_unpark(int cpu)
{
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
stopper->enabled = true ;
kthread_unpark(stopper->thread);
}
static struct smp_hotplug_thread cpu_stop_threads = {
.store = &cpu_stopper.thread,
.thread_should_run = cpu_stop_should_run,
.thread_fn = cpu_stopper_thread,
.thread_comm = "migration/%u" ,
.create = cpu_stop_create,
.park = cpu_stop_park,
.selfparking = true ,
};
static int __init cpu_stop_init(void )
{
unsigned int cpu;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
raw_spin_lock_init(&stopper->lock);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&stopper->works);
}
BUG_ON(smpboot_register_percpu_thread(&cpu_stop_threads));
stop_machine_unpark(raw_smp_processor_id());
stop_machine_initialized = true ;
return 0 ;
}
early_initcall(cpu_stop_init);
int stop_machine_cpuslocked(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data,
const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
struct multi_stop_data msdata = {
.fn = fn,
.data = data,
.num_threads = num_online_cpus(),
.active_cpus = cpus,
};
lockdep_assert_cpus_held();
if (!stop_machine_initialized) {
/*
* Handle the case where stop_machine ( ) is called
* early in boot before stop_machine ( ) has been
* initialized .
*/
unsigned long flags;
int ret;
WARN_ON_ONCE(msdata.num_threads != 1 );
local_irq_save(flags);
hard_irq_disable();
ret = (*fn)(data);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return ret;
}
/* Set the initial state and stop all online cpus. */
set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
return stop_cpus(cpu_online_mask, multi_cpu_stop, &msdata);
}
int stop_machine(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data, const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
int ret;
/* No CPUs can come up or down during this. */
cpus_read_lock();
ret = stop_machine_cpuslocked(fn, data, cpus);
cpus_read_unlock();
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_machine);
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
int stop_core_cpuslocked(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
const struct cpumask *smt_mask = cpu_smt_mask(cpu);
struct multi_stop_data msdata = {
.fn = fn,
.data = data,
.num_threads = cpumask_weight(smt_mask),
.active_cpus = smt_mask,
};
lockdep_assert_cpus_held();
/* Set the initial state and stop all online cpus. */
set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
return stop_cpus(smt_mask, multi_cpu_stop, &msdata);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_core_cpuslocked);
#endif
/**
* stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu - stop_machine ( ) from inactive CPU
* @ fn : the function to run
* @ data : the data ptr for the @ fn ( )
* @ cpus : the cpus to run the @ fn ( ) on ( NULL = any online cpu )
*
* This is identical to stop_machine ( ) but can be called from a CPU which
* is not active . The local CPU is in the process of hotplug ( so no other
* CPU hotplug can start ) and not marked active and doesn ' t have enough
* context to sleep .
*
* This function provides stop_machine ( ) functionality for such state by
* using busy - wait for synchronization and executing @ fn directly for local
* CPU .
*
* CONTEXT :
* Local CPU is inactive . Temporarily stops all active CPUs .
*
* RETURNS :
* 0 if all executions of @ fn returned 0 , any non zero return value if any
* returned non zero .
*/
int stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data,
const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
struct multi_stop_data msdata = { .fn = fn, .data = data,
.active_cpus = cpus };
struct cpu_stop_done done;
int ret;
/* Local CPU must be inactive and CPU hotplug in progress. */
BUG_ON(cpu_active(raw_smp_processor_id()));
msdata.num_threads = num_active_cpus() + 1 ; /* +1 for local */
/* No proper task established and can't sleep - busy wait for lock. */
while (!mutex_trylock(&stop_cpus_mutex))
cpu_relax();
/* Schedule work on other CPUs and execute directly for local CPU */
set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
cpu_stop_init_done(&done, num_active_cpus());
queue_stop_cpus_work(cpu_active_mask, multi_cpu_stop, &msdata,
&done);
ret = multi_cpu_stop(&msdata);
/* Busy wait for completion. */
while (!completion_done(&done.completion))
cpu_relax();
mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
return ret ?: done.ret;
}
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-29)
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2026-10-10
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