#[allow(unused_imports)] // Used in doc comments. usesuper::allocator::{KVmalloc, Kmalloc, Vmalloc}; usesuper::{AllocError, Allocator, Flags}; use core::alloc::Layout; use core::borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut}; use core::fmt; use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::mem::ManuallyDrop; use core::mem::MaybeUninit; use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut}; use core::pin::Pin; use core::ptr::NonNull; use core::result::Result;
usecrate::ffi::c_void; usecrate::init::InPlaceInit; usecrate::types::ForeignOwnable; use pin_init::{InPlaceWrite, Init, PinInit, ZeroableOption};
/// The kernel's [`Box`] type -- a heap allocation for a single value of type `T`. /// /// This is the kernel's version of the Rust stdlib's `Box`. There are several differences, /// for example no `noalias` attribute is emitted and partially moving out of a `Box` is not /// supported. There are also several API differences, e.g. `Box` always requires an [`Allocator`] /// implementation to be passed as generic, page [`Flags`] when allocating memory and all functions /// that may allocate memory are fallible. /// /// `Box` works with any of the kernel's allocators, e.g. [`Kmalloc`], [`Vmalloc`] or [`KVmalloc`]. /// There are aliases for `Box` with these allocators ([`KBox`], [`VBox`], [`KVBox`]). /// /// When dropping a [`Box`], the value is also dropped and the heap memory is automatically freed. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let b = KBox::<u64>::new(24_u64, GFP_KERNEL)?; /// /// assert_eq!(*b, 24_u64); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::bindings; /// const SIZE: usize = bindings::KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE as usize + 1; /// struct Huge([u8; SIZE]); /// /// assert!(KBox::<Huge>::new_uninit(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN).is_err()); /// ``` /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::bindings; /// const SIZE: usize = bindings::KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE as usize + 1; /// struct Huge([u8; SIZE]); /// /// assert!(KVBox::<Huge>::new_uninit(GFP_KERNEL).is_ok()); /// ``` /// /// [`Box`]es can also be used to store trait objects by coercing their type: /// /// ``` /// trait FooTrait {} /// /// struct FooStruct; /// impl FooTrait for FooStruct {} /// /// let _ = KBox::new(FooStruct, GFP_KERNEL)? as KBox<dyn FooTrait>; /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` /// /// # Invariants /// /// `self.0` is always properly aligned and either points to memory allocated with `A` or, for /// zero-sized types, is a dangling, well aligned pointer. #[repr(transparent)] #[cfg_attr(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE, derive(core::marker::CoercePointee))] pubstructBox<#[cfg_attr(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE, pointee)] T: ?Sized, A: Allocator>(
NonNull<T>,
PhantomData<A>,
);
// This is to allow coercion from `Box<T, A>` to `Box<U, A>` if `T` can be converted to the // dynamically-sized type (DST) `U`. #[cfg(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE))] impl<T, U, A> core::ops::CoerceUnsized<Box<U, A>> forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized + core::marker::Unsize<U>,
U: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{
}
// This is to allow `Box<U, A>` to be dispatched on when `Box<T, A>` can be coerced into `Box<U, // A>`. #[cfg(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE))] impl<T, U, A> core::ops::DispatchFromDyn<Box<U, A>> forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized + core::marker::Unsize<U>,
U: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{
}
/// Type alias for [`Box`] with a [`Kmalloc`] allocator. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let b = KBox::new(24_u64, GFP_KERNEL)?; /// /// assert_eq!(*b, 24_u64); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` pubtype KBox<T> = Box<T, super::allocator::Kmalloc>;
/// Type alias for [`Box`] with a [`Vmalloc`] allocator. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let b = VBox::new(24_u64, GFP_KERNEL)?; /// /// assert_eq!(*b, 24_u64); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` pubtype VBox<T> = Box<T, super::allocator::Vmalloc>;
/// Type alias for [`Box`] with a [`KVmalloc`] allocator. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let b = KVBox::new(24_u64, GFP_KERNEL)?; /// /// assert_eq!(*b, 24_u64); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` pubtype KVBox<T> = Box<T, super::allocator::KVmalloc>;
// SAFETY: `Box` is `Send` if `T` is `Send` because the `Box` owns a `T`. unsafeimpl<T, A> Send forBox<T, A> where
T: Send + ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{
}
// SAFETY: `Box` is `Sync` if `T` is `Sync` because the `Box` owns a `T`. unsafeimpl<T, A> Sync forBox<T, A> where
T: Sync + ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{
}
impl<T, A> Box<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ /// Creates a new `Box<T, A>` from a raw pointer. /// /// # Safety /// /// For non-ZSTs, `raw` must point at an allocation allocated with `A` that is sufficiently /// aligned for and holds a valid `T`. The caller passes ownership of the allocation to the /// `Box`. /// /// For ZSTs, `raw` must be a dangling, well aligned pointer. #[inline] pubconstunsafefn from_raw(raw: *mut T) -> Self { // INVARIANT: Validity of `raw` is guaranteed by the safety preconditions of this function. // SAFETY: By the safety preconditions of this function, `raw` is not a NULL pointer. Self(unsafe { NonNull::new_unchecked(raw) }, PhantomData)
}
/// Consumes the `Box<T, A>` and returns a raw pointer. /// /// This will not run the destructor of `T` and for non-ZSTs the allocation will stay alive /// indefinitely. Use [`Box::from_raw`] to recover the [`Box`], drop the value and free the /// allocation, if any. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let x = KBox::new(24, GFP_KERNEL)?; /// let ptr = KBox::into_raw(x); /// // SAFETY: `ptr` comes from a previous call to `KBox::into_raw`. /// let x = unsafe { KBox::from_raw(ptr) }; /// /// assert_eq!(*x, 24); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` #[inline] pubfn into_raw(b: Self) -> *mut T {
ManuallyDrop::new(b).0.as_ptr()
}
/// Consumes and leaks the `Box<T, A>` and returns a mutable reference. /// /// See [`Box::into_raw`] for more details. #[inline] pubfn leak<'a>(b: Self) -> &'a mut T { // SAFETY: `Box::into_raw` always returns a properly aligned and dereferenceable pointer // which points to an initialized instance of `T`. unsafe { &mut *Box::into_raw(b) }
}
}
impl<T, A> Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A> where
A: Allocator,
{ /// Converts a `Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>` to a `Box<T, A>`. /// /// It is undefined behavior to call this function while the value inside of `b` is not yet /// fully initialized. /// /// # Safety /// /// Callers must ensure that the value inside of `b` is in an initialized state. pubunsafefn assume_init(self) -> Box<T, A> { let raw = Self::into_raw(self);
// SAFETY: `raw` comes from a previous call to `Box::into_raw`. By the safety requirements // of this function, the value inside the `Box` is in an initialized state. Hence, it is // safe to reconstruct the `Box` as `Box<T, A>`. unsafe { Box::from_raw(raw.cast()) }
}
/// Writes the value and converts to `Box<T, A>`. pubfn write(mutself, value: T) -> Box<T, A> {
(*self).write(value);
impl<T, A> Box<T, A> where
A: Allocator,
{ /// Creates a new `Box<T, A>` and initializes its contents with `x`. /// /// New memory is allocated with `A`. The allocation may fail, in which case an error is /// returned. For ZSTs no memory is allocated. pubfn new(x: T, flags: Flags) -> Result<Self, AllocError> { let b = Self::new_uninit(flags)?;
Ok(Box::write(b, x))
}
/// Creates a new `Box<T, A>` with uninitialized contents. /// /// New memory is allocated with `A`. The allocation may fail, in which case an error is /// returned. For ZSTs no memory is allocated. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let b = KBox::<u64>::new_uninit(GFP_KERNEL)?; /// let b = KBox::write(b, 24); /// /// assert_eq!(*b, 24_u64); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` pubfn new_uninit(flags: Flags) -> Result<Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A>, AllocError> { let layout = Layout::new::<MaybeUninit<T>>(); let ptr = A::alloc(layout, flags)?;
// INVARIANT: `ptr` is either a dangling pointer or points to memory allocated with `A`, // which is sufficient in size and alignment for storing a `T`.
Ok(Box(ptr.cast(), PhantomData))
}
/// Constructs a new `Pin<Box<T, A>>`. If `T` does not implement [`Unpin`], then `x` will be /// pinned in memory and can't be moved. #[inline] pubfn pin(x: T, flags: Flags) -> Result<Pin<Box<T, A>>, AllocError> where
A: 'static,
{
Ok(Self::new(x, flags)?.into())
}
/// Convert a [`Box<T,A>`] to a [`Pin<Box<T,A>>`]. If `T` does not implement /// [`Unpin`], then `x` will be pinned in memory and can't be moved. pubfn into_pin(this: Self) -> Pin<Self> {
this.into()
}
/// Forgets the contents (does not run the destructor), but keeps the allocation. fn forget_contents(this: Self) -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A> { let ptr = Self::into_raw(this);
// SAFETY: `ptr` is valid, because it came from `Box::into_raw`. unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr.cast()) }
}
/// Drops the contents, but keeps the allocation. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// let value = KBox::new([0; 32], GFP_KERNEL)?; /// assert_eq!(*value, [0; 32]); /// let value = KBox::drop_contents(value); /// // Now we can re-use `value`: /// let value = KBox::write(value, [1; 32]); /// assert_eq!(*value, [1; 32]); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` pubfn drop_contents(this: Self) -> Box<MaybeUninit<T>, A> { let ptr = this.0.as_ptr();
// SAFETY: `ptr` is valid, because it came from `this`. After this call we never access the // value stored in `this` again. unsafe { core::ptr::drop_in_place(ptr) };
Self::forget_contents(this)
}
/// Moves the `Box`'s value out of the `Box` and consumes the `Box`. pubfn into_inner(b: Self) -> T { // SAFETY: By the type invariant `&*b` is valid for `read`. let value = unsafe { core::ptr::read(&*b) }; let _ = Self::forget_contents(b);
value
}
}
impl<T, A> From<Box<T, A>> for Pin<Box<T, A>> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ /// Converts a `Box<T, A>` into a `Pin<Box<T, A>>`. If `T` does not implement [`Unpin`], then /// `*b` will be pinned in memory and can't be moved. /// /// This moves `b` into `Pin` without moving `*b` or allocating and copying any memory. fn from(b: Box<T, A>) -> Self { // SAFETY: The value wrapped inside a `Pin<Box<T, A>>` cannot be moved or replaced as long // as `T` does not implement `Unpin`. unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(b) }
}
}
impl<T, A> InPlaceWrite<T> forBox<MaybeUninit<T>, A> where
A: Allocator + 'static,
{ type Initialized = Box<T, A>;
fn write_init<E>(mutself, init: impl Init<T, E>) -> Result<Self::Initialized, E> { let slot = self.as_mut_ptr(); // SAFETY: When init errors/panics, slot will get deallocated but not dropped, // slot is valid. unsafe { init.__init(slot)? }; // SAFETY: All fields have been initialized.
Ok(unsafe { Box::assume_init(self) })
}
fn write_pin_init<E>(mutself, init: impl PinInit<T, E>) -> Result<Pin<Self::Initialized>, E> { let slot = self.as_mut_ptr(); // SAFETY: When init errors/panics, slot will get deallocated but not dropped, // slot is valid and will not be moved, because we pin it later. unsafe { init.__pinned_init(slot)? }; // SAFETY: All fields have been initialized.
Ok(unsafe { Box::assume_init(self) }.into())
}
}
impl<T, A> InPlaceInit<T> forBox<T, A> where
A: Allocator + 'static,
{ type PinnedSelf = Pin<Self>;
// SAFETY: The pointer returned by `into_foreign` comes from a well aligned // pointer to `T`. unsafeimpl<T: 'static, A> ForeignOwnable for Box<T, A> where
A: Allocator,
{ const FOREIGN_ALIGN: usize = core::mem::align_of::<T>(); type Borrowed<'a> = &'a T; type BorrowedMut<'a> = &'a mut T;
unsafefn from_foreign(ptr: *mut c_void) -> Self { // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` comes from a previous // call to `Self::into_foreign`. unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr.cast()) }
}
unsafefn borrow<'a>(ptr: *mut c_void) -> &'a T { // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this method ensure that the object remains alive and // immutable for the duration of 'a. unsafe { &*ptr.cast() }
}
unsafefn borrow_mut<'a>(ptr: *mut c_void) -> &'a mut T { let ptr = ptr.cast(); // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this method ensure that the pointer is valid and that // nothing else will access the value for the duration of 'a. unsafe { &mut *ptr }
}
}
// SAFETY: The pointer returned by `into_foreign` comes from a well aligned // pointer to `T`. unsafeimpl<T: 'static, A> ForeignOwnable for Pin<Box<T, A>> where
A: Allocator,
{ const FOREIGN_ALIGN: usize = core::mem::align_of::<T>(); type Borrowed<'a> = Pin<&'a T>; type BorrowedMut<'a> = Pin<&'a mut T>;
fn into_foreign(self) -> *mut c_void { // SAFETY: We are still treating the box as pinned. Box::into_raw(unsafe { Pin::into_inner_unchecked(self) }).cast()
}
unsafefn from_foreign(ptr: *mut c_void) -> Self { // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` comes from a previous // call to `Self::into_foreign`. unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(Box::from_raw(ptr.cast())) }
}
unsafefn borrow<'a>(ptr: *mut c_void) -> Pin<&'a T> { // SAFETY: The safety requirements for this function ensure that the object is still alive, // so it is safe to dereference the raw pointer. // The safety requirements of `from_foreign` also ensure that the object remains alive for // the lifetime of the returned value. let r = unsafe { &*ptr.cast() };
// SAFETY: This pointer originates from a `Pin<Box<T>>`. unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(r) }
}
unsafefn borrow_mut<'a>(ptr: *mut c_void) -> Pin<&'a mut T> { let ptr = ptr.cast(); // SAFETY: The safety requirements for this function ensure that the object is still alive, // so it is safe to dereference the raw pointer. // The safety requirements of `from_foreign` also ensure that the object remains alive for // the lifetime of the returned value. let r = unsafe { &mut *ptr };
// SAFETY: This pointer originates from a `Pin<Box<T>>`. unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(r) }
}
}
impl<T, A> Deref forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ type Target = T;
fn deref(&self) -> &T { // SAFETY: `self.0` is always properly aligned, dereferenceable and points to an initialized // instance of `T`. unsafe { self.0.as_ref() }
}
}
impl<T, A> DerefMut forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ fn deref_mut(&mutself) -> &mut T { // SAFETY: `self.0` is always properly aligned, dereferenceable and points to an initialized // instance of `T`. unsafe { self.0.as_mut() }
}
}
/// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use core::borrow::Borrow; /// # use kernel::alloc::KBox; /// struct Foo<B: Borrow<u32>>(B); /// /// // Owned instance. /// let owned = Foo(1); /// /// // Owned instance using `KBox`. /// let owned_kbox = Foo(KBox::new(1, GFP_KERNEL)?); /// /// let i = 1; /// // Borrowed from `i`. /// let borrowed = Foo(&i); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` impl<T, A> Borrow<T> forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ fn borrow(&self) -> &T { self.deref()
}
}
/// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use core::borrow::BorrowMut; /// # use kernel::alloc::KBox; /// struct Foo<B: BorrowMut<u32>>(B); /// /// // Owned instance. /// let owned = Foo(1); /// /// // Owned instance using `KBox`. /// let owned_kbox = Foo(KBox::new(1, GFP_KERNEL)?); /// /// let mut i = 1; /// // Borrowed from `i`. /// let borrowed = Foo(&mut i); /// # Ok::<(), Error>(()) /// ``` impl<T, A> BorrowMut<T> forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ fn borrow_mut(&mutself) -> &mut T { self.deref_mut()
}
}
impl<T, A> fmt::Display forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized + fmt::Display,
A: Allocator,
{ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
<T as fmt::Display>::fmt(&**self, f)
}
}
impl<T, A> fmt::Debug forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized + fmt::Debug,
A: Allocator,
{ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
<T as fmt::Debug>::fmt(&**self, f)
}
}
impl<T, A> Drop forBox<T, A> where
T: ?Sized,
A: Allocator,
{ fn drop(&mutself) { let layout = Layout::for_value::<T>(self);
// SAFETY: The pointer in `self.0` is guaranteed to be valid by the type invariant. unsafe { core::ptr::drop_in_place::<T>(self.deref_mut()) };
// SAFETY: // - `self.0` was previously allocated with `A`. // - `layout` is equal to the `Layout´ `self.0` was allocated with. unsafe { A::free(self.0.cast(), layout) };
}
}
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