/// A wrapper around a blk-mq [`struct request`]. This represents an IO request. /// /// # Implementation details /// /// There are four states for a request that the Rust bindings care about: /// /// 1. Request is owned by block layer (refcount 0). /// 2. Request is owned by driver but with zero [`ARef`]s in existence /// (refcount 1). /// 3. Request is owned by driver with exactly one [`ARef`] in existence /// (refcount 2). /// 4. Request is owned by driver with more than one [`ARef`] in existence /// (refcount > 2). /// /// /// We need to track 1 and 2 to ensure we fail tag to request conversions for /// requests that are not owned by the driver. /// /// We need to track 3 and 4 to ensure that it is safe to end the request and hand /// back ownership to the block layer. /// /// The states are tracked through the private `refcount` field of /// `RequestDataWrapper`. This structure lives in the private data area of the C /// [`struct request`]. /// /// # Invariants /// /// * `self.0` is a valid [`struct request`] created by the C portion of the /// kernel. /// * The private data area associated with this request must be an initialized /// and valid `RequestDataWrapper<T>`. /// * `self` is reference counted by atomic modification of /// `self.wrapper_ref().refcount()`. /// /// [`struct request`]: srctree/include/linux/blk-mq.h /// #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct Request<T: Operations>(Opaque<bindings::request>, PhantomData<T>);
impl<T: Operations> Request<T> { /// Create an [`ARef<Request>`] from a [`struct request`] pointer. /// /// # Safety /// /// * The caller must own a refcount on `ptr` that is transferred to the /// returned [`ARef`]. /// * The type invariants for [`Request`] must hold for the pointee of `ptr`. /// /// [`struct request`]: srctree/include/linux/blk-mq.h pub(crate) unsafefn aref_from_raw(ptr: *mut bindings::request) -> ARef<Self> { // INVARIANT: By the safety requirements of this function, invariants are upheld. // SAFETY: By the safety requirement of this function, we own a // reference count that we can pass to `ARef`. unsafe { ARef::from_raw(NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr.cast())) }
}
/// Notify the block layer that a request is going to be processed now. /// /// The block layer uses this hook to do proper initializations such as /// starting the timeout timer. It is a requirement that block device /// drivers call this function when starting to process a request. /// /// # Safety /// /// The caller must have exclusive ownership of `self`, that is /// `self.wrapper_ref().refcount() == 2`. pub(crate) unsafefn start_unchecked(this: &ARef<Self>) { // SAFETY: By type invariant, `self.0` is a valid `struct request` and // we have exclusive access. unsafe { bindings::blk_mq_start_request(this.0.get()) };
}
/// Try to take exclusive ownership of `this` by dropping the refcount to 0. /// This fails if `this` is not the only [`ARef`] pointing to the underlying /// [`Request`]. /// /// If the operation is successful, [`Ok`] is returned with a pointer to the /// C [`struct request`]. If the operation fails, `this` is returned in the /// [`Err`] variant. /// /// [`struct request`]: srctree/include/linux/blk-mq.h fn try_set_end(this: ARef<Self>) -> Result<*mut bindings::request, ARef<Self>> { // We can race with `TagSet::tag_to_rq` iflet Err(_old) = this.wrapper_ref().refcount().compare_exchange( 2, 0,
Ordering::Relaxed,
Ordering::Relaxed,
) { return Err(this);
}
let request_ptr = this.0.get();
core::mem::forget(this);
Ok(request_ptr)
}
/// Notify the block layer that the request has been completed without errors. /// /// This function will return [`Err`] if `this` is not the only [`ARef`] /// referencing the request. pubfn end_ok(this: ARef<Self>) -> Result<(), ARef<Self>> { let request_ptr = Self::try_set_end(this)?;
// SAFETY: By type invariant, `this.0` was a valid `struct request`. The // success of the call to `try_set_end` guarantees that there are no // `ARef`s pointing to this request. Therefore it is safe to hand it // back to the block layer. unsafe {
bindings::blk_mq_end_request(
request_ptr,
bindings::BLK_STS_OK as bindings::blk_status_t,
)
};
Ok(())
}
/// Return a pointer to the [`RequestDataWrapper`] stored in the private area /// of the request structure. /// /// # Safety /// /// - `this` must point to a valid allocation of size at least size of /// [`Self`] plus size of [`RequestDataWrapper`]. pub(crate) unsafefn wrapper_ptr(this: *mutSelf) -> NonNull<RequestDataWrapper> { let request_ptr = this.cast::<bindings::request>(); // SAFETY: By safety requirements for this function, `this` is a // valid allocation. let wrapper_ptr = unsafe { bindings::blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(request_ptr).cast::<RequestDataWrapper>() }; // SAFETY: By C API contract, wrapper_ptr points to a valid allocation // and is not null. unsafe { NonNull::new_unchecked(wrapper_ptr) }
}
/// Return a reference to the [`RequestDataWrapper`] stored in the private /// area of the request structure. pub(crate) fn wrapper_ref(&self) -> &RequestDataWrapper { // SAFETY: By type invariant, `self.0` is a valid allocation. Further, // the private data associated with this request is initialized and // valid. The existence of `&self` guarantees that the private data is // valid as a shared reference. unsafe { Self::wrapper_ptr(core::ptr::from_ref(self).cast_mut()).as_ref() }
}
}
/// A wrapper around data stored in the private area of the C [`struct request`]. /// /// [`struct request`]: srctree/include/linux/blk-mq.h pub(crate) struct RequestDataWrapper { /// The Rust request refcount has the following states: /// /// - 0: The request is owned by C block layer. /// - 1: The request is owned by Rust abstractions but there are no [`ARef`] references to it. /// - 2+: There are [`ARef`] references to the request.
refcount: AtomicU64,
}
impl RequestDataWrapper { /// Return a reference to the refcount of the request that is embedding /// `self`. pub(crate) fn refcount(&self) -> &AtomicU64 {
&self.refcount
}
/// Return a pointer to the refcount of the request that is embedding the /// pointee of `this`. /// /// # Safety /// /// - `this` must point to a live allocation of at least the size of `Self`. pub(crate) unsafefn refcount_ptr(this: *mutSelf) -> *mut AtomicU64 { // SAFETY: Because of the safety requirements of this function, the // field projection is safe. unsafe { &raw mut (*this).refcount }
}
}
// SAFETY: Exclusive access is thread-safe for `Request`. `Request` has no `&mut // self` methods and `&self` methods that mutate `self` are internally // synchronized. unsafeimpl<T: Operations> Send for Request<T> {}
// SAFETY: Shared access is thread-safe for `Request`. `&self` methods that // mutate `self` are internally synchronized` unsafeimpl<T: Operations> Sync for Request<T> {}
/// Store the result of `op(target.load())` in target, returning new value of /// target. fn atomic_relaxed_op_return(target: &AtomicU64, op: implFn(u64) -> u64) -> u64 { let old = target.fetch_update(Ordering::Relaxed, Ordering::Relaxed, |x| Some(op(x)));
// SAFETY: Because the operation passed to `fetch_update` above always // return `Some`, `old` will always be `Ok`. let old = unsafe { old.unwrap_unchecked() };
op(old)
}
/// Store the result of `op(target.load)` in `target` if `target.load() != /// pred`, returning [`true`] if the target was updated. fn atomic_relaxed_op_unless(target: &AtomicU64, op: implFn(u64) -> u64, pred: u64) -> bool {
target
.fetch_update(Ordering::Relaxed, Ordering::Relaxed, |x| { if x == pred {
None
} else {
Some(op(x))
}
})
.is_ok()
}
// SAFETY: All instances of `Request<T>` are reference counted. This // implementation of `AlwaysRefCounted` ensure that increments to the ref count // keeps the object alive in memory at least until a matching reference count // decrement is executed. unsafeimpl<T: Operations> AlwaysRefCounted for Request<T> { fn inc_ref(&self) { let refcount = &self.wrapper_ref().refcount();
#[cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_DEBUG_MISC), allow(unused_variables))] let updated = atomic_relaxed_op_unless(refcount, |x| x + 1, 0);
#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_MISC)] if !updated {
panic!("Request refcount zero on clone")
}
}
unsafefn dec_ref(obj: core::ptr::NonNull<Self>) { // SAFETY: The type invariants of `ARef` guarantee that `obj` is valid // for read. let wrapper_ptr = unsafe { Self::wrapper_ptr(obj.as_ptr()).as_ptr() }; // SAFETY: The type invariant of `Request` guarantees that the private // data area is initialized and valid. let refcount = unsafe { &*RequestDataWrapper::refcount_ptr(wrapper_ptr) };
#[cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_DEBUG_MISC), allow(unused_variables))] let new_refcount = atomic_relaxed_op_return(refcount, |x| x - 1);
#[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_MISC)] if new_refcount == 0 {
panic!("Request reached refcount zero in Rust abstractions");
}
}
}
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