/*++ /* NAME /* master 8 /* SUMMARY /* Postfix master process /* SYNOPSIS /* \fBmaster\fR [\fB-Dditvw\fR] [\fB-c \fIconfig_dir\fR] [\fB-e \fIexit_time\fR] /* DESCRIPTION /* The \fBmaster\fR(8) daemon is the resident process that runs Postfix /* daemons on demand: daemons to send or receive messages via the /* network, daemons to deliver mail locally, etc. These daemons are /* created on demand up to a configurable maximum number per service. /* /* Postfix daemons terminate voluntarily, either after being idle for /* a configurable amount of time, or after having serviced a /* configurable number of requests. Exceptions to this rule are the /* resident queue manager, address verification server, and the TLS /* session cache and pseudo-random number server. /* /* The behavior of the \fBmaster\fR(8) daemon is controlled by the /* \fBmaster.cf\fR configuration file, as described in \fBmaster\fR(5). /* /* Options: /* .IP "\fB-c \fIconfig_dir\fR" /* Read the \fBmain.cf\fR and \fBmaster.cf\fR configuration files in /* the named directory instead of the default configuration directory. /* This also overrides the configuration files for other Postfix /* daemon processes. /* .IP \fB-D\fR /* After initialization, run a debugger on the master process. The /* debugging command is specified with the \fBdebugger_command\fR in /* the \fBmain.cf\fR global configuration file. /* .IP \fB-d\fR /* Do not redirect stdin, stdout or stderr to /dev/null, and /* do not discard the controlling terminal. This must be used /* for debugging only. /* .IP "\fB-e \fIexit_time\fR" /* Terminate the master process after \fIexit_time\fR seconds. Child /* processes terminate at their convenience. /* .IP \fB-i\fR /* Enable \fBinit\fR mode: do not become a session or process /* group leader; and similar to \fB-s\fR, do not redirect stdout /* to /dev/null, so that "maillog_file = /dev/stdout" works. /* This mode is allowed only if the process ID equals 1. /* .sp /* This feature is available in Postfix 3.3 and later. /* .IP \fB-s\fR /* Do not redirect stdout to /dev/null, so that "maillog_file /* = /dev/stdout" works. /* .sp /* This feature is available in Postfix 3.4 and later. /* .IP \fB-t\fR /* Test mode. Return a zero exit status when the \fBmaster.pid\fR lock /* file does not exist or when that file is not locked. This is evidence /* that the \fBmaster\fR(8) daemon is not running. /* .IP \fB-v\fR /* Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. This option /* is passed on to child processes. Multiple \fB-v\fR options /* make the software increasingly verbose. /* .IP \fB-w\fR /* Wait in a dummy foreground process, while the real master /* daemon initializes in a background process. The dummy /* foreground process returns a zero exit status only if the /* master daemon initialization is successful, and if it /* completes in a reasonable amount of time. /* .sp /* This feature is available in Postfix 2.10 and later. /* .PP /* Signals: /* .IP \fBSIGHUP\fR /* Upon receipt of a \fBHUP\fR signal (e.g., after "\fBpostfix reload\fR"), /* the master process re-reads its configuration files. If a service has /* been removed from the \fBmaster.cf\fR file, its running processes /* are terminated immediately. /* Otherwise, running processes are allowed to terminate as soon /* as is convenient, so that changes in configuration settings /* affect only new service requests. /* .IP \fBSIGTERM\fR /* Upon receipt of a \fBTERM\fR signal (e.g., after "\fBpostfix abort\fR"), /* the master process passes the signal on to its child processes and /* terminates. /* This is useful for an emergency shutdown. Normally one would /* terminate only the master ("\fBpostfix stop\fR") and allow running /* processes to finish what they are doing. /* DIAGNOSTICS /* Problems are reported to \fBsyslogd\fR(8) or \fBpostlogd\fR(8). /* The exit status /* is non-zero in case of problems, including problems while /* initializing as a master daemon process in the background. /* ENVIRONMENT /* .ad /* .fi /* .IP \fBMAIL_DEBUG\fR /* After initialization, start a debugger as specified with the /* \fBdebugger_command\fR configuration parameter in the \fBmain.cf\fR /* configuration file. /* .IP \fBMAIL_CONFIG\fR /* Directory with Postfix configuration files. /* CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS /* .ad /* .fi /* Unlike most Postfix daemon processes, the \fBmaster\fR(8) server does /* not automatically pick up changes to \fBmain.cf\fR. Changes /* to \fBmaster.cf\fR are never picked up automatically. /* Use the "\fBpostfix reload\fR" command after a configuration change. /* RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS /* .ad /* .fi /* .IP "\fBdefault_process_limit (100)\fR" /* The default maximal number of Postfix child processes that provide /* a given service. /* .IP "\fBmax_idle (100s)\fR" /* The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process waits /* for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily. /* .IP "\fBmax_use (100)\fR" /* The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon /* process will service before terminating voluntarily. /* .IP "\fBservice_throttle_time (60s)\fR" /* How long the Postfix \fBmaster\fR(8) waits before forking a server that /* appears to be malfunctioning. /* .PP /* Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later: /* .IP "\fBmaster_service_disable (empty)\fR" /* Selectively disable \fBmaster\fR(8) listener ports by service type /* or by service name and type. /* MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS /* .ad /* .fi /* .IP "\fBconfig_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf /* configuration files. /* .IP "\fBdaemon_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs. /* .IP "\fBdebugger_command (empty)\fR" /* The external command to execute when a Postfix daemon program is /* invoked with the -D option. /* .IP "\fBinet_interfaces (all)\fR" /* The local network interface addresses that this mail system /* receives mail on. /* .IP "\fBinet_protocols (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* The Internet protocols Postfix will attempt to use when making /* or accepting connections. /* .IP "\fBimport_environment (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* The list of environment variables that a privileged Postfix /* process will import from a non-Postfix parent process, or name=value /* environment overrides. /* .IP "\fBmail_owner (postfix)\fR" /* The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most Postfix /* daemon processes. /* .IP "\fBprocess_id (read-only)\fR" /* The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process. /* .IP "\fBprocess_name (read-only)\fR" /* The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process. /* .IP "\fBqueue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory. /* .IP "\fBsyslog_facility (mail)\fR" /* The syslog facility of Postfix logging. /* .IP "\fBsyslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)\fR" /* A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog /* records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd". /* .PP /* Available in Postfix 3.3 and later: /* .IP "\fBservice_name (read-only)\fR" /* The master.cf service name of a Postfix daemon process. /* .PP /* Available in Postfix 3.6 and later: /* .IP "\fBknown_tcp_ports (lmtp=24, smtp=25, smtps=submissions=465, submission=587)\fR" /* Optional setting that avoids lookups in the \fBservices\fR(5) database. /* FILES /* .ad /* .fi /* To expand the directory names below into their actual values, /* use the command "\fBpostconf config_directory\fR" etc. /* .na /* .nf /* /* $config_directory/main.cf, global configuration file. /* $config_directory/master.cf, master server configuration file. /* $queue_directory/pid/master.pid, master lock file. /* $data_directory/master.lock, master lock file. /* SEE ALSO /* qmgr(8), queue manager /* verify(8), address verification /* master(5), master.cf configuration file syntax /* postconf(5), main.cf configuration file syntax /* postlogd(8), Postfix logging /* syslogd(8), system logging /* LICENSE /* .ad /* .fi /* The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. /* AUTHOR(S) /* Wietse Venema /* IBM T.J. Watson Research /* P.O. Box 704 /* Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA /* /* Wietse Venema /* Google, Inc. /* 111 8th Avenue /* New York, NY 10011, USA
/*--*/
/* *Themailsystemmustberunbythesuperusersoitcanrevoke *privilegesforselectedoperations.That'sright-ittakesprivileges *totossprivileges.
*/ if (getuid() != 0)
msg_fatal("the master command is reserved for the superuser"); if (unsafe() != 0)
msg_fatal("the master command must not run as a set-uid process");
/* *Thisprogramtakesnootherarguments.
*/ if (argc > optind)
usage(argv[0]);
/* *Sanitycheck.
*/ if (test_lock && wait_flag)
msg_fatal("the -t and -w options cannot be used together"); if (init_mode && (debug_me || !master_detach || wait_flag))
msg_fatal("the -i option cannot be used with -D, -d, or -w");
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