Quelle datum.c
Sprache: C
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* datum . c
* POSTGRES Datum ( abstract data type ) manipulation routines .
*
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1996 - 2025 , PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1994 , Regents of the University of California
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* src / backend / utils / adt / datum . c
*
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
/*
* In the implementation of these routines we assume the following :
*
* A ) if a type is " byVal " then all the information is stored in the
* Datum itself ( i . e . no pointers involved ! ) . In this case the
* length of the type is always greater than zero and not more than
* " sizeof ( Datum ) "
*
* B ) if a type is not " byVal " and it has a fixed length ( typlen > 0 ) ,
* then the " Datum " always contains a pointer to a stream of bytes .
* The number of significant bytes are always equal to the typlen .
*
* C ) if a type is not " byVal " and has typlen = = - 1 ,
* then the " Datum " always points to a " struct varlena " .
* This varlena structure has information about the actual length of this
* particular instance of the type and about its value .
*
* D ) if a type is not " byVal " and has typlen = = - 2 ,
* then the " Datum " always points to a null - terminated C string .
*
* Note that we do not treat " toasted " datums specially ; therefore what
* will be copied or compared is the compressed data or toast reference .
* An exception is made for datumCopy ( ) of an expanded object , however ,
* because most callers expect to get a simple contiguous ( and pfree ' able )
* result from datumCopy ( ) . See also datumTransfer ( ) .
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#include "access/detoast.h"
#include "common/hashfn.h"
#include "fmgr.h"
#include "utils/datum.h"
#include "utils/expandeddatum.h"
#include "utils/fmgrprotos.h"
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumGetSize
*
* Find the " real " size of a datum , given the datum value ,
* whether it is a " by value " , and the declared type length .
* ( For TOAST pointer datums , this is the size of the pointer datum . )
*
* This is essentially an out - of - line version of the att_addlength_datum ( )
* macro in access / tupmacs . h . We do a tad more error checking though .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Size
datumGetSize(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
Size size;
if (typByVal)
{
/* Pass-by-value types are always fixed-length */
Assert(typLen > 0 && typLen <= sizeof (Datum));
size = (Size) typLen;
}
else
{
if (typLen > 0 )
{
/* Fixed-length pass-by-ref type */
size = (Size) typLen;
}
else if (typLen == -1 )
{
/* It is a varlena datatype */
struct varlena *s = (struct varlena *) DatumGetPointer(value);
if (!PointerIsValid(s))
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
errmsg("invalid Datum pointer" )));
size = (Size) VARSIZE_ANY(s);
}
else if (typLen == -2 )
{
/* It is a cstring datatype */
char *s = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value);
if (!PointerIsValid(s))
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
errmsg("invalid Datum pointer" )));
size = (Size) (strlen(s) + 1 );
}
else
{
elog(ERROR, "invalid typLen: %d" , typLen);
size = 0 ; /* keep compiler quiet */
}
}
return size;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumCopy
*
* Make a copy of a non - NULL datum .
*
* If the datatype is pass - by - reference , memory is obtained with palloc ( ) .
*
* If the value is a reference to an expanded object , we flatten into memory
* obtained with palloc ( ) . We need to copy because one of the main uses of
* this function is to copy a datum out of a transient memory context that ' s
* about to be destroyed , and the expanded object is probably in a child
* context that will also go away . Moreover , many callers assume that the
* result is a single pfree - able chunk .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Datum
datumCopy(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
Datum res;
if (typByVal)
res = value;
else if (typLen == -1 )
{
/* It is a varlena datatype */
struct varlena *vl = (struct varlena *) DatumGetPointer(value);
if (VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL_EXPANDED(vl))
{
/* Flatten into the caller's memory context */
ExpandedObjectHeader *eoh = DatumGetEOHP(value);
Size resultsize;
char *resultptr;
resultsize = EOH_get_flat_size(eoh);
resultptr = (char *) palloc(resultsize);
EOH_flatten_into(eoh, resultptr, resultsize);
res = PointerGetDatum(resultptr);
}
else
{
/* Otherwise, just copy the varlena datum verbatim */
Size realSize;
char *resultptr;
realSize = (Size) VARSIZE_ANY(vl);
resultptr = (char *) palloc(realSize);
memcpy(resultptr, vl, realSize);
res = PointerGetDatum(resultptr);
}
}
else
{
/* Pass by reference, but not varlena, so not toasted */
Size realSize;
char *resultptr;
realSize = datumGetSize(value, typByVal, typLen);
resultptr = (char *) palloc(realSize);
memcpy(resultptr, DatumGetPointer(value), realSize);
res = PointerGetDatum(resultptr);
}
return res;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumTransfer
*
* Transfer a non - NULL datum into the current memory context .
*
* This is equivalent to datumCopy ( ) except when the datum is a read - write
* pointer to an expanded object . In that case we merely reparent the object
* into the current context , and return its standard R / W pointer ( in case the
* given one is a transient pointer of shorter lifespan ) .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Datum
datumTransfer(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
if (!typByVal && typLen == -1 &&
VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL_EXPANDED_RW(DatumGetPointer(value)))
value = TransferExpandedObject(value, CurrentMemoryContext);
else
value = datumCopy(value, typByVal, typLen);
return value;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumIsEqual
*
* Return true if two datums are equal , false otherwise
*
* NOTE : XXX !
* We just compare the bytes of the two values , one by one .
* This routine will return false if there are 2 different
* representations of the same value ( something along the lines
* of say the representation of zero in one ' s complement arithmetic ) .
* Also , it will probably not give the answer you want if either
* datum has been " toasted " .
*
* Do not try to make this any smarter than it currently is with respect
* to " toasted " datums , because some of the callers could be working in the
* context of an aborted transaction .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
bool
datumIsEqual(Datum value1, Datum value2, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
bool res;
if (typByVal)
{
/*
* just compare the two datums . NOTE : just comparing " len " bytes will
* not do the work , because we do not know how these bytes are aligned
* inside the " Datum " . We assume instead that any given datatype is
* consistent about how it fills extraneous bits in the Datum .
*/
res = (value1 == value2);
}
else
{
Size size1,
size2;
char *s1,
*s2;
/*
* Compare the bytes pointed by the pointers stored in the datums .
*/
size1 = datumGetSize(value1, typByVal, typLen);
size2 = datumGetSize(value2, typByVal, typLen);
if (size1 != size2)
return false ;
s1 = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value1);
s2 = (char *) DatumGetPointer(value2);
res = (memcmp(s1, s2, size1) == 0 );
}
return res;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datum_image_eq
*
* Compares two datums for identical contents when coerced to a signed integer
* of typLen bytes . Return true if the two datums are equal , false otherwise .
*
* The coercion is required as we ' re not always careful to use the correct
* PG_RETURN_ * macro . If we didn ' t do this , a Datum that ' s been formed and
* deformed into a tuple may not have the same signed representation as the
* other datum value .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
bool
datum_image_eq(Datum value1, Datum value2, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
Size len1,
len2;
bool result = true ;
if (typByVal)
{
switch (typLen)
{
case sizeof (char ):
result = (DatumGetChar(value1) == DatumGetChar(value2));
break ;
case sizeof (int16):
result = (DatumGetInt16(value1) == DatumGetInt16(value2));
break ;
case sizeof (int32):
result = (DatumGetInt32(value1) == DatumGetInt32(value2));
break ;
default :
result = (value1 == value2);
break ;
}
}
else if (typLen > 0 )
{
result = (memcmp(DatumGetPointer(value1),
DatumGetPointer(value2),
typLen) == 0 );
}
else if (typLen == -1 )
{
len1 = toast_raw_datum_size(value1);
len2 = toast_raw_datum_size(value2);
/* No need to de-toast if lengths don't match. */
if (len1 != len2)
result = false ;
else
{
struct varlena *arg1val;
struct varlena *arg2val;
arg1val = PG_DETOAST_DATUM_PACKED(value1);
arg2val = PG_DETOAST_DATUM_PACKED(value2);
result = (memcmp(VARDATA_ANY(arg1val),
VARDATA_ANY(arg2val),
len1 - VARHDRSZ) == 0 );
/* Only free memory if it's a copy made here. */
if ((Pointer) arg1val != (Pointer) value1)
pfree(arg1val);
if ((Pointer) arg2val != (Pointer) value2)
pfree(arg2val);
}
}
else if (typLen == -2 )
{
char *s1,
*s2;
/* Compare cstring datums */
s1 = DatumGetCString(value1);
s2 = DatumGetCString(value2);
len1 = strlen(s1) + 1 ;
len2 = strlen(s2) + 1 ;
if (len1 != len2)
return false ;
result = (memcmp(s1, s2, len1) == 0 );
}
else
elog(ERROR, "unexpected typLen: %d" , typLen);
return result;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datum_image_hash
*
* Generate a hash value based on the binary representation of ' value ' when
* represented as a signed integer of typLen bytes . Most use cases will want
* to use the hash function specific to the Datum ' s type , however , some corner
* cases require generating a hash value based on the actual bits rather than
* the logical value .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
uint32
datum_image_hash(Datum value, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
Size len;
uint32 result;
if (typByVal)
{
switch (typLen)
{
case sizeof (char ):
value = CharGetDatum(DatumGetChar(value));
break ;
case sizeof (int16):
value = Int16GetDatum(DatumGetInt16(value));
break ;
case sizeof (int32):
value = Int32GetDatum(DatumGetInt32(value));
break ;
/* Nothing needs done for 64-bit types */
}
result = hash_bytes((unsigned char *) &value, sizeof (Datum));
}
else if (typLen > 0 )
result = hash_bytes((unsigned char *) DatumGetPointer(value), typLen);
else if (typLen == -1 )
{
struct varlena *val;
len = toast_raw_datum_size(value);
val = PG_DETOAST_DATUM_PACKED(value);
result = hash_bytes((unsigned char *) VARDATA_ANY(val), len - VARHDRSZ);
/* Only free memory if it's a copy made here. */
if ((Pointer) val != (Pointer) value)
pfree(val);
}
else if (typLen == -2 )
{
char *s;
s = DatumGetCString(value);
len = strlen(s) + 1 ;
result = hash_bytes((unsigned char *) s, len);
}
else
{
elog(ERROR, "unexpected typLen: %d" , typLen);
result = 0 ; /* keep compiler quiet */
}
return result;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* btequalimage
*
* Generic " equalimage " support function .
*
* B - Tree operator classes whose equality function could safely be replaced by
* datum_image_eq ( ) in all cases can use this as their " equalimage " support
* function .
*
* Currently , we unconditionally assume that any B - Tree operator class that
* registers btequalimage as its support function 4 must be able to safely use
* optimizations like deduplication ( i . e . we return true unconditionally ) . If
* it ever proved necessary to rescind support for an operator class , we could
* do that in a targeted fashion by doing something with the opcintype
* argument .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Datum
btequalimage(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
/* Oid opcintype = PG_GETARG_OID(0); */
PG_RETURN_BOOL(true );
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumEstimateSpace
*
* Compute the amount of space that datumSerialize will require for a
* particular Datum .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Size
datumEstimateSpace(Datum value, bool isnull, bool typByVal, int typLen)
{
Size sz = sizeof (int );
if (!isnull)
{
/* no need to use add_size, can't overflow */
if (typByVal)
sz += sizeof (Datum);
else if (typLen == -1 &&
VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL_EXPANDED(DatumGetPointer(value)))
{
/* Expanded objects need to be flattened, see comment below */
sz += EOH_get_flat_size(DatumGetEOHP(value));
}
else
sz += datumGetSize(value, typByVal, typLen);
}
return sz;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumSerialize
*
* Serialize a possibly - NULL datum into caller - provided storage .
*
* Note : " expanded " objects are flattened so as to produce a self - contained
* representation , but other sorts of toast pointers are transferred as - is .
* This is because the intended use of this function is to pass the value
* to another process within the same database server . The other process
* could not access an " expanded " object within this process ' s memory , but
* we assume it can dereference the same TOAST pointers this one can .
*
* The format is as follows : first , we write a 4 - byte header word , which
* is either the length of a pass - by - reference datum , - 1 for a
* pass - by - value datum , or - 2 for a NULL . If the value is NULL , nothing
* further is written . If it is pass - by - value , sizeof ( Datum ) bytes
* follow . Otherwise , the number of bytes indicated by the header word
* follow . The caller is responsible for ensuring that there is enough
* storage to store the number of bytes that will be written ; use
* datumEstimateSpace ( ) to find out how many will be needed .
* * start_address is updated to point to the byte immediately following
* those written .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
void
datumSerialize(Datum value, bool isnull, bool typByVal, int typLen,
char **start_address)
{
ExpandedObjectHeader *eoh = NULL;
int header;
/* Write header word. */
if (isnull)
header = -2 ;
else if (typByVal)
header = -1 ;
else if (typLen == -1 &&
VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL_EXPANDED(DatumGetPointer(value)))
{
eoh = DatumGetEOHP(value);
header = EOH_get_flat_size(eoh);
}
else
header = datumGetSize(value, typByVal, typLen);
memcpy(*start_address, &header, sizeof (int ));
*start_address += sizeof (int );
/* If not null, write payload bytes. */
if (!isnull)
{
if (typByVal)
{
memcpy(*start_address, &value, sizeof (Datum));
*start_address += sizeof (Datum);
}
else if (eoh)
{
char *tmp;
/*
* EOH_flatten_into expects the target address to be maxaligned ,
* so we can ' t store directly to * start_address .
*/
tmp = (char *) palloc(header);
EOH_flatten_into(eoh, tmp, header);
memcpy(*start_address, tmp, header);
*start_address += header;
/* be tidy. */
pfree(tmp);
}
else
{
memcpy(*start_address, DatumGetPointer(value), header);
*start_address += header;
}
}
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* datumRestore
*
* Restore a possibly - NULL datum previously serialized by datumSerialize .
* * start_address is updated according to the number of bytes consumed .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
Datum
datumRestore(char **start_address, bool *isnull)
{
int header;
void *d;
/* Read header word. */
memcpy(&header, *start_address, sizeof (int ));
*start_address += sizeof (int );
/* If this datum is NULL, we can stop here. */
if (header == -2 )
{
*isnull = true ;
return (Datum) 0 ;
}
/* OK, datum is not null. */
*isnull = false ;
/* If this datum is pass-by-value, sizeof(Datum) bytes follow. */
if (header == -1 )
{
Datum val;
memcpy(&val, *start_address, sizeof (Datum));
*start_address += sizeof (Datum);
return val;
}
/* Pass-by-reference case; copy indicated number of bytes. */
Assert(header > 0 );
d = palloc(header);
memcpy(d, *start_address, header);
*start_address += header;
return PointerGetDatum(d);
}
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