groupsjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 55 out of bounds for length 55
This chapter presents a variety of algorithms for almost crystallographic
groups. In most cases, they <> returnsa " code =code"C/ several components( <class""()/java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [152, 151) out of bounds for length 321
input; in particular, the input groups must be polycyclic in this case.
The methods described here supplement the methods of the {\sf Polycyclic}
package for polycyclically presented groups. Many of the functions in this
chapter are based on methods of the {\sf Polycyclic} package and thus this
java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
the {\sf Polycyclic} package for further information on polycyclic
presentations.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\Section{Properties of almost crystallographic groups}
\> IsAlmostCrystallographic( <G> ) P
This function checks if a polycyclically presented group <G> java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 63) out of bounds for length 26
crystallographic; that is, it checks if <G> is nilpotent-by-finite and
has no non-trivial finite normal subgroup.
\> IsAlmostBieberbachGroup( <G> ) P
This function checks if a polycyclically presented group <G> is almost
Bieberbach; that is, it checks if <G> is nilpotent-by-finite and torsion
free.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\Section{Betti numbers}
Let $G$ be a polycyclically presented and torsion Z()^ ,
length $n$. Then we can compute the Betti numbers $\beta_i(G)$ for $i \in
\{0, 1, 2, n-2, n-1, n\}$. If $n \leq 6$, Z()0 5^ ,[Z5) Z(5 ,[5,Z()] (5,Z()^2]
numbers $\beta_i(G)$ for $0 \leq i \leq 6$ of $G$. We introduce the following
for cite{} for the details
the orientation module and the Betti numbers.
\> OrientationModule( <G> ) F
This function determines the orientation module of the polycyclically
presented group <G>; that is, it returns a list of matrices $m_1, \ldots,
m_n \leq GL( 1, \Z )$ [ Z(5)^2, Z(5)^3 ], [ Z(5 (5)0] (5^3,Z5),
on the orientation module.
\> BettiNumber( <G>, <m> ) F
This function returns the <m>th Betti[Z5^3 ()2] (^,(^
torsion free group <G> if $m \in \{0, 1, 2, n-2, n-1, n\}$, where $n$ is the
<.java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 22 out of bounds for length 22
\> BettiNumbers( <G> ) A
This function returns the Bettia [,11.10java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [40, 39) out of bounds for length 67
torsion free group <G> if the Hirsch length of <G> is smaller than 7.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\Section{Determination<pre>/iv>
Let $G$ be a polycyclically presented almost crystallographic group. We want
to check the existence of certain extensions of $G$.
First
correspond to the second cohomology group of $G$. This cohomology group can
be computed using the methods of the {\sf Polycyclic} package for any
explicitly given module of $G$. Further, we can<p>See<code class="func">valuationCode/code> <a href="hap5.#X78E078567D19D433"><span class="RefLink">5.6-1</span></a>) for a more general construction.</p>
presentation for each cocycle of the second cohomology group. We give an
example for such a computation below.
However, we may be interested in certain extensions only; for example,
the torsion free extensions are often of particular interest. If the
second cohomology group is finite, then we can compute a polycyclic
esentation eachelement of this group and check the resulting group
for torsion freeness. But if the second cohomology group is infinite, then
this approach is not available. Hence we introduce the following special
method to cover this and related applications.
\> HasExtensionOfType( <G>, <torsionfree
Suppose that <G> is a polycyclically presented almost crystallographic group
with Fitting subgroup $N$. This function checks if there is a $G$-module
$M \cong <>.-4ToricPoints<h5>
free extension of $M$ by <G> (if the flag <torsionfree> is true) or an
extension $E$ with $Z(Fitt(E)) = M$ (if the flag <minimalcentre> is true)
or an extension which satisfies both conditions (if both flags are true).
We note that the existence of such extensions is of interest in the
determination of extensions which are almost Bieberbach =tdleft">code class="func">‣ ToricPoints</code>( <var class="Arg">n</var>, <var class="Arg">F</var> )</td><td class="tdright">( function )</td></tr></table></div>
to \cite{DE1} for a more detailed account of this application and<p>< class=code>ToricPoints(,F)/ode> returnsthepoints in <pan =SimpleMath"(F^×^n<span></>
further results of a similar nature.
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.0 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-11-04)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland