<Chapter Label = "Attributes and operations for semigroups">
<Heading>
Attributes and operations for semigroups
</Heading>
In this chapter we describe the methods that are available in &SEMIGROUPS; for
determining the attributes of a semigroup, and the operations which can be
applied to a semigroup.
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Accessing the elements of a semigroup
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "AsListCanonical">
<#Include Label = "PositionCanonical">
<#Include Label = "Enumerate">
<#Include Label = "IsEnumerated">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Cayley graphs
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "RightCayleyDigraph">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Random elements of a semigroup
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "Random">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Properties of elements in a semigroup
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "IndexPeriodOfSemigroupElement">
<#Include Label = "SmallestIdempotentPower">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Operations for elements in a semigroup
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "OneInverseOfSemigroupElement">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Expressing semigroup elements as words in generators
</Heading>
It is possible to express an element of a semigroup as a word in the
generators of that semigroup. This section describes how to accomplish this
in &SEMIGROUPS;.<P/>
<#Include Label = "EvaluateWord">
<#Include Label = "Factorization">
<#Include Label = "MinimalFactorization">
<#Include Label = "NonTrivialFactorization">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Generating sets
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "Generators">
<#Include Label = "SmallGeneratingSet">
<#Include Label = "IrredundantGeneratingSubset">
<#Include Label = "MinimalGeneratingSet">
<#Include Label = "GeneratorsSmallest">
<#Include Label = "IndecomposableElements">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Minimal ideals and multiplicative zeros
</Heading>
In this section we describe the attributes of a semigroup that can be found
using the &SEMIGROUPS; package.
<P/>
<#Include Label = "MinimalIdeal">
<#Include Label = "RepresentativeOfMinimalIdeal">
<#Include Label = "MultiplicativeZero">
<#Include Label = "UnderlyingSemigroupOfSemigroupWithAdjoinedZero">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Group of units and identity elements
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "GroupOfUnits">
<!--TODO(later) add man entry for MultiplicativeNeutralElement-->
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Idempotents
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "Idempotents">
<#Include Label = "NrIdempotents">
<#Include Label = "IdempotentGeneratedSubsemigroup">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section Label = "Computing maximal subsemigroups">
<Heading>
Maximal subsemigroups
</Heading>
The &SEMIGROUPS; package provides methods to calculate the maximal
subsemigroups of a finite semigroup, subject to various conditions. A
<E>maximal subsemigroup</E> of a semigroup is a proper subsemigroup
that is contained in no other proper subsemigroup of the semigroup.
<P/>
When computing the maximal subsemigroups of a regular Rees (0-)matrix
semigroup over a group, additional functionality is available. As described
in <Cite Key="Graham1968aa"/>, a maximal subsemigroup of a finite regular
Rees (0-)matrix semigroup over a group is one of 6 possible types. Using the
&SEMIGROUPS; package, it is possible to search for only those maximal
subsemigroups of certain types.
<P/>
A maximal subsemigroup of such a Rees (0-)matrix semigroup <C>R</C> over a
group <C>G</C> is either:
<Enum>
<Item><C>{0};</C></Item>
<Item>formed by removing <C>0</C>;</Item>
<Item>formed by removing a column (a non-zero &L;-class);</Item>
<Item>formed by removing a row (a non-zero &R;-class);</Item>
<Item>formed by removing a set of both rows and columns;</Item>
<Item>isomorphic to a Rees (0-)matrix semigroup of the same dimensions over
a maximal subgroup of <C>G</C> (in particular, the maximal subsemigroup
intersects every &H;-class of <C>R</C>).</Item>
</Enum>
Note that if <C>R</C> is a Rees matrix semigroup then it has no
maximal subsemigroups of types 1, 2, or 5. Only types 3, 4, and 6
are relevant to a Rees matrix semigroup.
<#Include Label = "MaximalSubsemigroups">
<#Include Label = "NrMaximalSubsemigroups">
<#Include Label = "IsMaximalSubsemigroup">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Attributes of transformations and transformation semigroups
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "ComponentRepsOfTransformationSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "ComponentsOfTransformationSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "CyclesOfTransformationSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "DigraphOfAction">
<#Include Label = "DigraphOfActionOnPoints">
<#Include Label = "FixedPointsOfTransformationSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "IsTransitive">
<#Include Label = "SmallestElementSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "CanonicalTransformation">
<#Include Label = "IsConnectedTransformationSemigroup">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Attributes of partial perm semigroups
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "ComponentRepsOfPartialPermSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "ComponentsOfPartialPermSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "CyclesOfPartialPerm">
<#Include Label = "CyclesOfPartialPermSemigroup">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Attributes of Rees (0-)matrix semigroups
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "RZMSDigraph">
<#Include Label = "RZMSConnectedComponents">
</Section>
<Section>
<Heading>
Attributes of inverse semigroups
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "NaturalLeqInverseSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "JoinIrreducibleDClasses">
<#Include Label = "MajorantClosure">
<#Include Label = "Minorants">
<#Include Label = "PrimitiveIdempotents">
<#Include Label = "RightCosetsOfInverseSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "SameMinorantsSubgroup">
<#Include Label = "SmallerDegreePartialPermRepresentation">
<#Include Label = "VagnerPrestonRepresentation">
<#Include Label = "CharacterTableOfInverseSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "EUnitaryInverseCover">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<Section>
<Heading>
Nambooripad partial order
</Heading>
<#Include Label = "NambooripadLeqRegularSemigroup">
<#Include Label = "NambooripadPartialOrder">
</Section>
<!--**********************************************************************-->
<!--**********************************************************************-->
</Chapter>
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.2 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-11-04)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland