Quelle TLA.thy
Sprache: Isabelle
(* Title: HOL/TLA/TLA.thy
Author : Stephan Merz
Copyright : 1998 University of Munich
*)
section ‹ The temporal level of TLA›
theory TLA
imports Init
begin
consts
(** abstract syntax **)
Box :: "('w::world) form → temporal"
Dmd :: "('w::world) form → temporal"
leadsto :: "['w::world form, 'v::world form] → temporal"
Stable :: "stpred → temporal"
WF :: "[action, 'a stfun] → temporal"
SF :: "[action, 'a stfun] → temporal"
(* Quantification over (flexible) state variables *)
EEx :: "('a stfun → temporal) → temporal" (binder ‹ Eex › 10 )
AAll :: "('a stfun → temporal) → temporal" (binder ‹ Aall › 10 )
(** concrete syntax **)
syntax
"_Box" :: "lift → lift" (‹ (◻ _)› [40 ] 40 )
"_Dmd" :: "lift → lift" (‹ (♢ _)› [40 ] 40 )
"_leadsto" :: "[lift,lift] → lift" (‹ (_ ↝ _)› [23 ,22 ] 22 )
"_stable" :: "lift → lift" (‹ (stable/ _)› )
"_WF" :: "[lift,lift] → lift" (‹ (WF'(_')'_(_))› [0 ,60 ] 55 )
"_SF" :: "[lift,lift] → lift" (‹ (SF'(_')'_(_))› [0 ,60 ] 55 )
"_EEx" :: "[idts, lift] → lift" (‹ (3∃ ∃ _./ _)› [0 ,10 ] 10 )
"_AAll" :: "[idts, lift] → lift" (‹ (3∀ ∀ _./ _)› [0 ,10 ] 10 )
translations
"_Box" == "CONST Box"
"_Dmd" == "CONST Dmd"
"_leadsto" == "CONST leadsto"
"_stable" == "CONST Stable"
"_WF" == "CONST WF"
"_SF" == "CONST SF"
"_EEx v A" == "Eex v. A"
"_AAll v A" == "Aall v. A"
"sigma ⊨ ◻ F" <= "_Box F sigma"
"sigma ⊨ ♢ F" <= "_Dmd F sigma"
"sigma ⊨ F ↝ G" <= "_leadsto F G sigma"
"sigma ⊨ stable P" <= "_stable P sigma"
"sigma ⊨ WF(A)_v" <= "_WF A v sigma"
"sigma ⊨ SF(A)_v" <= "_SF A v sigma"
"sigma ⊨ ∃ ∃ x. F" <= "_EEx x F sigma"
"sigma ⊨ ∀ ∀ x. F" <= "_AAll x F sigma"
axiomatization where
(* Definitions of derived operators *)
dmd_def: "∧ F. TEMP ♢ F == TEMP ¬ ◻ ¬ F"
axiomatization where
boxInit: "∧ F. TEMP ◻ F == TEMP ◻ Init F" and
leadsto_def: "∧ F G. TEMP F ↝ G == TEMP ◻ (Init F ⟶ ♢ G)" and
stable_def: "∧ P. TEMP stable P == TEMP ◻ ($P ⟶ P$)" and
WF_def: "TEMP WF(A)_v == TEMP ♢ ◻ Enabled(<A>_v) ⟶ ◻ ♢ <A>_v" and
SF_def: "TEMP SF(A)_v == TEMP ◻ ♢ Enabled(<A>_v) ⟶ ◻ ♢ <A>_v" and
aall_def: "TEMP (∀ ∀ x. F x) == TEMP ¬ (∃ ∃ x. ¬ F x)"
axiomatization where
(* Base axioms for raw TLA. *)
normalT: "∧ F G. ⊨ ◻ (F ⟶ G) ⟶ (◻ F ⟶ ◻ G)" and (* polymorphic *)
reflT: "∧ F. ⊨ ◻ F ⟶ F" and (* F::temporal *)
transT: "∧ F. ⊨ ◻ F ⟶ ◻ ◻ F" and (* polymorphic *)
linT: "∧ F G. ⊨ ♢ F ∧ ♢ G ⟶ (♢ (F ∧ ♢ G)) ∨ (♢ (G ∧ ♢ F))" and
discT: "∧ F. ⊨ ◻ (F ⟶ ♢ (¬ F ∧ ♢ F)) ⟶ (F ⟶ ◻ ♢ F)" and
primeI: "∧ P. ⊨ ◻ P ⟶ Init P`" and
primeE: "∧ P F. ⊨ ◻ (Init P ⟶ ◻ F) ⟶ Init P` ⟶ (F ⟶ ◻ F)" and
indT: "∧ P F. ⊨ ◻ (Init P ∧ ¬ ◻ F ⟶ Init P` ∧ F) ⟶ Init P ⟶ ◻ F" and
allT: "∧ F. ⊨ (∀ x. ◻ (F x)) = (◻ (∀ x. F x))"
axiomatization where
necT: "∧ F. ⊨ F ==> ⊨ ◻ F" (* polymorphic *)
axiomatization where
(* Flexible quantification: refinement mappings, history variables *)
eexI: "⊨ F x ⟶ (∃ ∃ x. F x)" and
eexE: "[ sigma ⊨ (∃ ∃ x. F x); basevars vs;
(∧ x. [ basevars (x, vs); sigma ⊨ F x ] ==> (G sigma)::bool)
] ==> G sigma" and
history: "⊨ ∃ ∃ h. Init(h = ha) ∧ ◻ (∀ x. $h = #x ⟶ h` = hb x)"
(* Specialize intensional introduction/elimination rules for temporal formulas *)
lemma tempI [intro!]: "(∧ sigma. sigma ⊨ (F::temporal)) ==> ⊨ F"
apply (rule intI)
apply (erule meta_spec)
done
lemma tempD [dest]: "⊨ (F::temporal) ==> sigma ⊨ F"
by (erule intD)
(* ======== Functions to "unlift" temporal theorems ====== *)
ML ‹
functions defined in theory Intensional in that they introduce a
"world" parameter of type "behavior".
*)
fun temp_unlift ctxt th =
(rewrite_rule ctxt @{thms action_rews} (th RS @{thm tempD}))
handle THM _ => action_unlift ctxt th;
(* Turn \<turnstile> F = G into meta-level rewrite rule F == G *)
val temp_rewrite = int_rewrite
fun temp_use ctxt th =
case Thm .concl_of th of
Const _ $ (Const (const_name ‹ Intensional.Valid› , _) $ _) =>
((flatten (temp_unlift ctxt th)) handle THM _ => th)
| _ => th;
fun try_rewrite ctxt th = temp_rewrite ctxt th handle THM _ => temp_use ctxt th;
›
attribute_setup temp_unlift =
‹ Scan.succeed (Thm.rule_attribute [] (temp_unlift o Context.proof_of))›
attribute_setup temp_rewrite =
\ < open > Scan . succeed ( Thm . rule_attribute [ ] ( temp_rewrite o Context . proof_of ) ) \ < close >
attribute_setup temp_use =
\ < open > Scan . succeed ( Thm . rule_attribute [ ] ( temp_use o Context . proof_of ) ) \ < close >
attribute_setup try_rewrite =
\ < open > Scan . succeed ( Thm . rule_attribute [ ] ( try_rewrite o Context . proof_of ) ) \ < close >
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
(*** "Simple temporal logic": only \<box> and \<diamond> ***)
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
section "Simple temporal logic"
(* \<box>\<not>F == \<box>\<not>Init F *)
lemmas boxNotInit = boxInit [of "LIFT ¬ F" , unfolded Init_simps] for F
lemma dmdInit: "TEMP ♢ F == TEMP ♢ Init F"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (unfold boxInit [of "LIFT ¬ F" ])
apply (simp (no_asm) add: Init_simps)
done
lemmas dmdNotInit = dmdInit [of "LIFT ¬ F" , unfolded Init_simps] for F
(* boxInit and dmdInit cannot be used as rewrites, because they loop.
Non - looping instances for state predicates and actions are occasionally useful .
*)
lemmas boxInit_stp = boxInit [where 'a = state]
lemmas boxInit_act = boxInit [where 'a = "state * state" ]
lemmas dmdInit_stp = dmdInit [where 'a = state]
lemmas dmdInit_act = dmdInit [where 'a = "state * state" ]
(* The symmetric equations can be used to get rid of Init *)
lemmas boxInitD = boxInit [symmetric]
lemmas dmdInitD = dmdInit [symmetric]
lemmas boxNotInitD = boxNotInit [symmetric]
lemmas dmdNotInitD = dmdNotInit [symmetric]
lemmas Init_simps = Init_simps boxInitD dmdInitD boxNotInitD dmdNotInitD
(* ------------------------ STL2 ------------------------------------------- *)
lemmas STL2 = reflT
(* The "polymorphic" (generic) variant *)
lemma STL2_gen: "⊨ ◻ F ⟶ Init F"
apply (unfold boxInit [of F])
apply (rule STL2)
done
(* see also STL2_pr below: "\<turnstile> \<box>P \<longrightarrow> Init P & Init (P`)" *)
(* Dual versions for \<diamond> *)
lemma InitDmd: "⊨ F ⟶ ♢ F"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (auto dest!: STL2 [temp_use])
done
lemma InitDmd_gen: "⊨ Init F ⟶ ♢ F"
apply clarsimp
apply (drule InitDmd [temp_use])
apply (simp add: dmdInitD)
done
(* ------------------------ STL3 ------------------------------------------- *)
lemma STL3: "⊨ (◻ ◻ F) = (◻ F)"
by (auto elim: transT [temp_use] STL2 [temp_use])
(* corresponding elimination rule introduces double boxes:
\ < lbrakk > ( sigma \ < Turnstile > \ < box > F ) ; ( sigma \ < Turnstile > \ < box > \ < box > F ) \ < Longrightarrow > PROP W \ < rbrakk > \ < Longrightarrow > PROP W
*)
lemmas dup_boxE = STL3 [temp_unlift, THEN iffD2, elim_format]
lemmas dup_boxD = STL3 [temp_unlift, THEN iffD1]
(* dual versions for \<diamond> *)
lemma DmdDmd: "⊨ (♢ ♢ F) = (♢ F)"
by (auto simp add: dmd_def [try_rewrite] STL3 [try_rewrite])
lemmas dup_dmdE = DmdDmd [temp_unlift, THEN iffD2, elim_format]
lemmas dup_dmdD = DmdDmd [temp_unlift, THEN iffD1]
(* ------------------------ STL4 ------------------------------------------- *)
lemma STL4:
assumes "⊨ F ⟶ G"
shows "⊨ ◻ F ⟶ ◻ G"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule normalT [temp_use])
apply (rule assms [THEN necT, temp_use])
apply assumption
done
(* Unlifted version as an elimination rule *)
lemma STL4E: "[ sigma ⊨ ◻ F; ⊨ F ⟶ G ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ G"
by (erule (1 ) STL4 [temp_use])
lemma STL4_gen: "⊨ Init F ⟶ Init G ==> ⊨ ◻ F ⟶ ◻ G"
apply (drule STL4)
apply (simp add: boxInitD)
done
lemma STL4E_gen: "[ sigma ⊨ ◻ F; ⊨ Init F ⟶ Init G ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ G"
by (erule (1 ) STL4_gen [temp_use])
(* see also STL4Edup below, which allows an auxiliary boxed formula:
\ < box > A / \ F = > G
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
\ < box > A / \ \ < box > F = > \ < box > G
*)
(* The dual versions for \<diamond> *)
lemma DmdImpl:
assumes prem: "⊨ F ⟶ G"
shows "⊨ ♢ F ⟶ ♢ G"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (fastforce intro!: prem [temp_use] elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma DmdImplE: "[ sigma ⊨ ♢ F; ⊨ F ⟶ G ] ==> sigma ⊨ ♢ G"
by (erule (1 ) DmdImpl [temp_use])
(* ------------------------ STL5 ------------------------------------------- *)
lemma STL5: "⊨ (◻ F ∧ ◻ G) = (◻ (F ∧ G))"
apply auto
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ◻ (G ⟶ (F ∧ G))" )
apply (erule normalT [temp_use])
apply (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])+
done
(* rewrite rule to split conjunctions under boxes *)
lemmas split_box_conj = STL5 [temp_unlift, symmetric]
(* the corresponding elimination rule allows to combine boxes in the hypotheses
( NB : F and G must have the same type , i . e . , both actions or temporals . )
Use " addSE2 " etc . if you want to add this to a claset , otherwise it will loop !
*)
lemma box_conjE:
assumes "sigma ⊨ ◻ F"
and "sigma ⊨ ◻ G"
and "sigma ⊨ ◻ (F∧ G) ==> PROP R"
shows "PROP R"
by (rule assms STL5 [temp_unlift, THEN iffD1] conjI)+
(* Instances of box_conjE for state predicates, actions, and temporals
in case the general rule is " too polymorphic " .
*)
lemmas box_conjE_temp = box_conjE [where 'a = behavior]
lemmas box_conjE_stp = box_conjE [where 'a = state]
lemmas box_conjE_act = box_conjE [where 'a = "state * state" ]
(* Define a tactic that tries to merge all boxes in an antecedent. The definition is
a bit kludgy in order to simulate " double elim - resolution " .
*)
lemma box_thin: "[ sigma ⊨ ◻ F; PROP W ] ==> PROP W" .
ML ‹
merge_box_tac ctxt i =
REPEAT_DETERM (EVERY [eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms box_conjE} i, assume_tac ctxt i,
eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms box_thin} i])
merge_temp_box_tac ctxt i =
REPEAT_DETERM (EVERY [eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms box_conjE_temp} i, assume_tac ctxt i,
Rule_Insts.eres_inst_tac ctxt [((("'a", 0), Position.none), "behavior")] [] @{thm box_thin} i])
merge_stp_box_tac ctxt i =
REPEAT_DETERM (EVERY [eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms box_conjE_stp} i, assume_tac ctxt i,
Rule_Insts.eres_inst_tac ctxt [((("'a", 0), Position.none), "state")] [] @{thm box_thin} i])
merge_act_box_tac ctxt i =
REPEAT_DETERM (EVERY [eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms box_conjE_act} i, assume_tac ctxt i,
Rule_Insts.eres_inst_tac ctxt [((("'a", 0), Position.none), "state * state")] [] @{thm box_thin} i])
›
method_setup merge_box = ‹ Scan.succeed (SIMPLE_METHOD' o merge_box_tac)›
method_setup merge_temp_box = ‹ Scan.succeed (SIMPLE_METHOD' o merge_temp_box_tac)›
method_setup merge_stp_box = ‹ Scan.succeed (SIMPLE_METHOD' o merge_stp_box_tac)›
method_setup merge_act_box = ‹ Scan.succeed (SIMPLE_METHOD' o merge_act_box_tac)›
(* rewrite rule to push universal quantification through box:
( sigma \ < Turnstile > \ < box > ( \ < forall > x . F x ) ) = ( \ < forall > x . ( sigma \ < Turnstile > \ < box > F x ) )
*)
lemmas all_box = allT [temp_unlift, symmetric]
lemma DmdOr: "⊨ (♢ (F ∨ G)) = (♢ F ∨ ♢ G)"
apply (auto simp add: dmd_def split_box_conj [try_rewrite])
apply (erule contrapos_np, merge_box, fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])+
done
lemma exT: "⊨ (∃ x. ♢ (F x)) = (♢ (∃ x. F x))"
by (auto simp: dmd_def Not_Rex [try_rewrite] all_box [try_rewrite])
lemmas ex_dmd = exT [temp_unlift, symmetric]
lemma STL4Edup: "∧ sigma. [ sigma ⊨ ◻ A; sigma ⊨ ◻ F; ⊨ F ∧ ◻ A ⟶ G ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ G"
apply (erule dup_boxE)
apply merge_box
apply (erule STL4E)
apply assumption
done
lemma DmdImpl2:
"∧ sigma. [ sigma ⊨ ♢ F; sigma ⊨ ◻ (F ⟶ G) ] ==> sigma ⊨ ♢ G"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply auto
apply (erule notE )
apply merge_box
apply (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma InfImpl:
assumes 1 : "sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ F"
and 2 : "sigma ⊨ ◻ G"
and 3 : "⊨ F ∧ G ⟶ H"
shows "sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ H"
apply (insert 1 2 )
apply (erule_tac F = G in dup_boxE)
apply merge_box
apply (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use] DmdImpl2 [temp_use] intro!: 3 [temp_use])
done
(* ------------------------ STL6 ------------------------------------------- *)
(* Used in the proof of STL6, but useful in itself. *)
lemma BoxDmd: "⊨ ◻ F ∧ ♢ G ⟶ ♢ (◻ F ∧ G)"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule dup_boxE)
apply merge_box
apply (erule contrapos_np)
apply (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
(* weaker than BoxDmd, but more polymorphic (and often just right) *)
lemma BoxDmd_simple: "⊨ ◻ F ∧ ♢ G ⟶ ♢ (F ∧ G)"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply clarsimp
apply merge_box
apply (fastforce elim!: notE STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma BoxDmd2_simple: "⊨ ◻ F ∧ ♢ G ⟶ ♢ (G ∧ F)"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply clarsimp
apply merge_box
apply (fastforce elim!: notE STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma DmdImpldup:
assumes 1 : "sigma ⊨ ◻ A"
and 2 : "sigma ⊨ ♢ F"
and 3 : "⊨ ◻ A ∧ F ⟶ G"
shows "sigma ⊨ ♢ G"
apply (rule 2 [THEN 1 [THEN BoxDmd [temp_use]], THEN DmdImplE])
apply (rule 3 )
done
lemma STL6: "⊨ ♢ ◻ F ∧ ♢ ◻ G ⟶ ♢ ◻ (F ∧ G)"
apply (auto simp: STL5 [temp_rewrite, symmetric])
apply (drule linT [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (erule thin_rl)
apply (rule DmdDmd [temp_unlift, THEN iffD1])
apply (erule disjE)
apply (erule DmdImplE)
apply (rule BoxDmd)
apply (erule DmdImplE)
apply auto
apply (drule BoxDmd [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (erule thin_rl)
apply (fastforce elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use])
done
(* ------------------------ True / False ----------------------------------------- *)
section "Simplification of constants"
lemma BoxConst: "⊨ (◻ #P) = #P"
apply (rule tempI)
apply (cases P)
apply (auto intro!: necT [temp_use] dest: STL2_gen [temp_use] simp: Init_simps)
done
lemma DmdConst: "⊨ (♢ #P) = #P"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (cases P)
apply (simp_all add: BoxConst [try_rewrite])
done
lemmas temp_simps [temp_rewrite, simp] = BoxConst DmdConst
(* ------------------------ Further rewrites ----------------------------------------- *)
section "Further rewrites"
lemma NotBox: "⊨ (¬ ◻ F) = (♢ ¬ F)"
by (simp add: dmd_def)
lemma NotDmd: "⊨ (¬ ♢ F) = (◻ ¬ F)"
by (simp add: dmd_def)
(* These are not declared by default, because they could be harmful,
e.g. \<box>F & \<not>\<box>F becomes \<box>F & \<diamond>\<not>F !! *)
lemmas more_temp_simps1 =
STL3 [temp_rewrite] DmdDmd [temp_rewrite] NotBox [temp_rewrite] NotDmd [temp_rewrite]
NotBox [temp_unlift, THEN eq_reflection]
NotDmd [temp_unlift, THEN eq_reflection]
lemma BoxDmdBox: "⊨ (◻ ♢ ◻ F) = (♢ ◻ F)"
apply (auto dest!: STL2 [temp_use])
apply (rule ccontr)
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ♢ ◻ ◻ F ∧ ♢ ◻ ¬ ◻ F" )
apply (erule thin_rl)
apply auto
apply (drule STL6 [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply simp
apply (simp_all add: more_temp_simps1)
done
lemma DmdBoxDmd: "⊨ (♢ ◻ ♢ F) = (◻ ♢ F)"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (auto simp: BoxDmdBox [unfolded dmd_def, try_rewrite])
done
lemmas more_temp_simps2 = more_temp_simps1 BoxDmdBox [temp_rewrite] DmdBoxDmd [temp_rewrite]
(* ------------------------ Miscellaneous ----------------------------------- *)
lemma BoxOr: "∧ sigma. [ sigma ⊨ ◻ F ∨ ◻ G ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ (F ∨ G)"
by (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
(* "persistently implies infinitely often" *)
lemma DBImplBD: "⊨ ♢ ◻ F ⟶ ◻ ♢ F"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule ccontr)
apply (simp add: more_temp_simps2)
apply (drule STL6 [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply simp
done
lemma BoxDmdDmdBox: "⊨ ◻ ♢ F ∧ ♢ ◻ G ⟶ ◻ ♢ (F ∧ G)"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule ccontr)
apply (unfold more_temp_simps2)
apply (drule STL6 [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ♢ ◻ ¬ F" )
apply (force simp: dmd_def)
apply (fastforce elim: DmdImplE [temp_use] STL4E [temp_use])
done
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
(*** TLA-specific theorems: primed formulas ***)
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
section "priming"
(* ------------------------ TLA2 ------------------------------------------- *)
lemma STL2_pr: "⊨ ◻ P ⟶ Init P ∧ Init P`"
by (fastforce intro!: STL2_gen [temp_use] primeI [temp_use])
(* Auxiliary lemma allows priming of boxed actions *)
lemma BoxPrime: "⊨ ◻ P ⟶ ◻ ($P ∧ P$)"
apply clarsimp
apply (erule dup_boxE)
apply (unfold boxInit_act)
apply (erule STL4E)
apply (auto simp: Init_simps dest!: STL2_pr [temp_use])
done
lemma TLA2:
assumes "⊨ $P ∧ P$ ⟶ A"
shows "⊨ ◻ P ⟶ ◻ A"
apply clarsimp
apply (drule BoxPrime [temp_use])
apply (auto simp: Init_stp_act_rev [try_rewrite] intro!: assms [temp_use]
elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma TLA2E: "[ sigma ⊨ ◻ P; ⊨ $P ∧ P$ ⟶ A ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ A"
by (erule (1 ) TLA2 [temp_use])
lemma DmdPrime: "⊨ (♢ P`) ⟶ (♢ P)"
apply (unfold dmd_def)
apply (fastforce elim!: TLA2E [temp_use])
done
lemmas PrimeDmd = InitDmd_gen [temp_use, THEN DmdPrime [temp_use]]
(* ------------------------ INV1, stable --------------------------------------- *)
section "stable, invariant"
lemma ind_rule:
"[ sigma ⊨ ◻ H; sigma ⊨ Init P; ⊨ H ⟶ (Init P ∧ ¬ ◻ F ⟶ Init(P`) ∧ F) ]
==> sigma ⊨ ◻ F"
apply (rule indT [temp_use])
apply (erule (2 ) STL4E)
done
lemma box_stp_act: "⊨ (◻ $P) = (◻ P)"
by (simp add: boxInit_act Init_simps)
lemmas box_stp_actI = box_stp_act [temp_use, THEN iffD2]
lemmas box_stp_actD = box_stp_act [temp_use, THEN iffD1]
lemmas more_temp_simps3 = box_stp_act [temp_rewrite] more_temp_simps2
lemma INV1:
"⊨ (Init P) ⟶ (stable P) ⟶ ◻ P"
apply (unfold stable_def boxInit_stp boxInit_act)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule ind_rule)
apply (auto simp: Init_simps elim: ind_rule)
done
lemma StableT:
"∧ P. ⊨ $P ∧ A ⟶ P` ==> ⊨ ◻ A ⟶ stable P"
apply (unfold stable_def)
apply (fastforce elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma Stable: "[ sigma ⊨ ◻ A; ⊨ $P ∧ A ⟶ P` ] ==> sigma ⊨ stable P"
by (erule (1 ) StableT [temp_use])
(* Generalization of INV1 *)
lemma StableBox: "⊨ (stable P) ⟶ ◻ (Init P ⟶ ◻ P)"
apply (unfold stable_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule dup_boxE)
apply (force simp: stable_def elim: STL4E [temp_use] INV1 [temp_use])
done
lemma DmdStable: "⊨ (stable P) ∧ ♢ P ⟶ ♢ ◻ P"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule DmdImpl2)
prefer 2
apply (erule StableBox [temp_use])
apply (simp add: dmdInitD)
done
(* ---------------- (Semi-)automatic invariant tactics ---------------------- *)
ML ‹
(* inv_tac reduces goals of the form ... \<Longrightarrow> sigma \<Turnstile> \<box>P *)
fun inv_tac ctxt =
SELECT_GOAL
(EVERY
[auto_tac ctxt,
TRY (merge_box_tac ctxt 1 ),
resolve_tac ctxt [temp_use ctxt @{thm INV1}] 1 , (* fail if the goal is not a box *)
TRYALL (eresolve_tac ctxt @{thms Stable})]);
(* auto_inv_tac applies inv_tac and then tries to attack the subgoals
in simple cases it may be able to handle goals like \ < turnstile > MyProg \ < longrightarrow > \ < box > Inv .
In these simple cases the simplifier seems to be more useful than the
auto - tactic , which applies too much propositional logic and simplifies
too late .
*)
fun auto_inv_tac ctxt =
SELECT_GOAL
(inv_tac ctxt 1 THEN
(TRYALL (action_simp_tac
(ctxt addsimps [@{thm Init_stp}, @{thm Init_act}]) [] [@{thm squareE}])));
›
method_setup invariant = ‹
Method . sections Clasimp . clasimp_modifiers > > ( K ( SIMPLE_METHOD ' o inv_tac ) )
\ < close >
method_setup auto_invariant = \ < open >
Method . sections Clasimp . clasimp_modifiers > > ( K ( SIMPLE_METHOD ' o auto_inv_tac ) )
\ < close >
lemma unless : " \ < turnstile > \ < box > ( $ P \ < longrightarrow > P ` \ < or > Q ` ) \ < longrightarrow > ( stable P ) \ < or > \ < diamond > Q "
apply ( unfold dmd_def )
apply ( clarsimp dest ! : BoxPrime [ temp_use ] )
apply merge_box
apply ( erule contrapos_np )
apply ( fastforce elim ! : Stable [ temp_use ] )
done
(* --------------------- Recursive expansions --------------------------------------- *)
section "recursive expansions"
(* Recursive expansions of \<box> and \<diamond> for state predicates *)
lemma BoxRec: "⊨ (◻ P) = (Init P ∧ ◻ P`)"
apply (auto intro!: STL2_gen [temp_use])
apply (fastforce elim!: TLA2E [temp_use])
apply (auto simp: stable_def elim!: INV1 [temp_use] STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma DmdRec: "⊨ (♢ P) = (Init P ∨ ♢ P`)"
apply (unfold dmd_def BoxRec [temp_rewrite])
apply (auto simp: Init_simps)
done
lemma DmdRec2: "∧ sigma. [ sigma ⊨ ♢ P; sigma ⊨ ◻ ¬ P` ] ==> sigma ⊨ Init P"
apply (force simp: DmdRec [temp_rewrite] dmd_def)
done
lemma InfinitePrime: "⊨ (◻ ♢ P) = (◻ ♢ P`)"
apply auto
apply (rule classical)
apply (rule DBImplBD [temp_use])
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ♢ ◻ P" )
apply (fastforce elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use] TLA2E [temp_use])
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ♢ ◻ (♢ P ∧ ◻ ¬ P`)" )
apply (force simp: boxInit_stp [temp_use]
elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use] STL4E [temp_use] DmdRec2 [temp_use])
apply (force intro!: STL6 [temp_use] simp: more_temp_simps3)
apply (fastforce intro: DmdPrime [temp_use] elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma InfiniteEnsures:
"[ sigma ⊨ ◻ N; sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ A; ⊨ A ∧ N ⟶ P` ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ P"
apply (unfold InfinitePrime [temp_rewrite])
apply (rule InfImpl)
apply assumption+
done
(* ------------------------ fairness ------------------------------------------- *)
section "fairness"
(* alternative definitions of fairness *)
lemma WF_alt: "⊨ WF(A)_v = (◻ ♢ ¬ Enabled(<A>_v) ∨ ◻ ♢ <A>_v)"
apply (unfold WF_def dmd_def)
apply fastforce
done
lemma SF_alt: "⊨ SF(A)_v = (♢ ◻ ¬ Enabled(<A>_v) ∨ ◻ ♢ <A>_v)"
apply (unfold SF_def dmd_def)
apply fastforce
done
(* theorems to "box" fairness conditions *)
lemma BoxWFI: "⊨ WF(A)_v ⟶ ◻ WF(A)_v"
by (auto simp: WF_alt [try_rewrite] more_temp_simps3 intro!: BoxOr [temp_use])
lemma WF_Box: "⊨ (◻ WF(A)_v) = WF(A)_v"
by (fastforce intro!: BoxWFI [temp_use] dest!: STL2 [temp_use])
lemma BoxSFI: "⊨ SF(A)_v ⟶ ◻ SF(A)_v"
by (auto simp: SF_alt [try_rewrite] more_temp_simps3 intro!: BoxOr [temp_use])
lemma SF_Box: "⊨ (◻ SF(A)_v) = SF(A)_v"
by (fastforce intro!: BoxSFI [temp_use] dest!: STL2 [temp_use])
lemmas more_temp_simps = more_temp_simps3 WF_Box [temp_rewrite] SF_Box [temp_rewrite]
lemma SFImplWF: "⊨ SF(A)_v ⟶ WF(A)_v"
apply (unfold SF_def WF_def)
apply (fastforce dest!: DBImplBD [temp_use])
done
(* A tactic that "boxes" all fairness conditions. Apply more_temp_simps to "unbox". *)
ML ‹
box_fair_tac ctxt =
SELECT_GOAL (REPEAT (dresolve_tac ctxt [@{thm BoxWFI}, @{thm BoxSFI}] 1))
›
(* ------------------------------ leads-to ------------------------------ *)
section "↝ "
lemma leadsto_init: "⊨ (Init F) ∧ (F ↝ G) ⟶ ♢ G"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (auto dest!: STL2 [temp_use])
done
(* \<turnstile> F & (F \<leadsto> G) \<longrightarrow> \<diamond>G *)
lemmas leadsto_init_temp = leadsto_init [where 'a = behavior, unfolded Init_simps]
lemma streett_leadsto: "⊨ (◻ ♢ Init F ⟶ ◻ ♢ G) = (♢ (F ↝ G))"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply auto
apply (simp add: more_temp_simps)
apply (fastforce elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use] STL4E [temp_use])
apply (fastforce intro!: InitDmd [temp_use] elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ ♢ G" )
apply (simp add: more_temp_simps)
apply (drule BoxDmdDmdBox [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (fastforce elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use] STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma leadsto_infinite: "⊨ ◻ ♢ F ∧ (F ↝ G) ⟶ ◻ ♢ G"
apply clarsimp
apply (erule InitDmd [temp_use, THEN streett_leadsto [temp_unlift, THEN iffD2, THEN mp]])
apply (simp add: dmdInitD)
done
(* In particular, strong fairness is a Streett condition. The following
rules are sometimes easier to use than WF2 or SF2 below .
*)
lemma leadsto_SF: "⊨ (Enabled(<A>_v) ↝ <A>_v) ⟶ SF(A)_v"
apply (unfold SF_def)
apply (clarsimp elim!: leadsto_infinite [temp_use])
done
lemma leadsto_WF: "⊨ (Enabled(<A>_v) ↝ <A>_v) ⟶ WF(A)_v"
by (clarsimp intro!: SFImplWF [temp_use] leadsto_SF [temp_use])
(* introduce an invariant into the proof of a leadsto assertion.
\ < box > I \ < longrightarrow > ( ( P \ < leadsto > Q ) = ( P / \ I \ < leadsto > Q ) )
*)
lemma INV_leadsto: "⊨ ◻ I ∧ (P ∧ I ↝ Q) ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule STL4Edup)
apply assumption
apply (auto simp: Init_simps dest!: STL2_gen [temp_use])
done
lemma leadsto_classical: "⊨ (Init F ∧ ◻ ¬ G ↝ G) ⟶ (F ↝ G)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def dmd_def)
apply (force simp: Init_simps elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma leadsto_false: "⊨ (F ↝ #False) = (◻ ¬ F)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (simp add: boxNotInitD)
done
lemma leadsto_exists: "⊨ ((∃ x. F x) ↝ G) = (∀ x. (F x ↝ G))"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (auto simp: allT [try_rewrite] Init_simps elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
(* basic leadsto properties, cf. Unity *)
lemma ImplLeadsto_gen: "⊨ ◻ (Init F ⟶ Init G) ⟶ (F ↝ G)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (auto intro!: InitDmd_gen [temp_use]
elim!: STL4E_gen [temp_use] simp: Init_simps)
done
lemmas ImplLeadsto =
ImplLeadsto_gen [where 'a = behavior and 'b = behavior, unfolded Init_simps]
lemma ImplLeadsto_simple: "∧ F G. ⊨ F ⟶ G ==> ⊨ F ↝ G"
by (auto simp: Init_def intro!: ImplLeadsto_gen [temp_use] necT [temp_use])
lemma EnsuresLeadsto:
assumes "⊨ A ∧ $P ⟶ Q`"
shows "⊨ ◻ A ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (clarsimp elim!: INV_leadsto [temp_use])
apply (erule STL4E_gen)
apply (auto simp: Init_defs intro!: PrimeDmd [temp_use] assms [temp_use])
done
lemma EnsuresLeadsto2: "⊨ ◻ ($P ⟶ Q`) ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule STL4E_gen)
apply (auto simp: Init_simps intro!: PrimeDmd [temp_use])
done
lemma ensures:
assumes 1 : "⊨ $P ∧ N ⟶ P` ∨ Q`"
and 2 : "⊨ ($P ∧ N) ∧ A ⟶ Q`"
shows "⊨ ◻ N ∧ ◻ (◻ P ⟶ ♢ A) ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule STL4Edup)
apply assumption
apply clarsimp
apply (subgoal_tac "sigmaa ⊨ ◻ ($P ⟶ P` ∨ Q`) " )
apply (drule unless [temp_use])
apply (clarsimp dest!: INV1 [temp_use])
apply (rule 2 [THEN DmdImpl, temp_use, THEN DmdPrime [temp_use]])
apply (force intro!: BoxDmd_simple [temp_use]
simp: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] box_stp_act [try_rewrite])
apply (force elim: STL4E [temp_use] dest: 1 [temp_use])
done
lemma ensures_simple:
"[ ⊨ $P ∧ N ⟶ P` ∨ Q`;
⊨ ($P ∧ N) ∧ A ⟶ Q`
] ==> ⊨ ◻ N ∧ ◻ ♢ A ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply clarsimp
apply (erule (2 ) ensures [temp_use])
apply (force elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma EnsuresInfinite:
"[ sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ P; sigma ⊨ ◻ A; ⊨ A ∧ $P ⟶ Q` ] ==> sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ Q"
apply (erule leadsto_infinite [temp_use])
apply (erule EnsuresLeadsto [temp_use])
apply assumption
done
(*** Gronning's lattice rules (taken from TLP) ***)
section "Lattice rules"
lemma LatticeReflexivity: "⊨ F ↝ F"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (rule necT InitDmd_gen)+
done
lemma LatticeTransitivity: "⊨ (G ↝ H) ∧ (F ↝ G) ⟶ (F ↝ H)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule dup_boxE) (* \<box>\<box>(Init G \<longrightarrow> H) *)
apply merge_box
apply (clarsimp elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
apply (rule dup_dmdD)
apply (subgoal_tac "sigmaa ⊨ ♢ Init G" )
apply (erule DmdImpl2)
apply assumption
apply (simp add: dmdInitD)
done
lemma LatticeDisjunctionElim1: "⊨ (F ∨ G ↝ H) ⟶ (F ↝ H)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (auto simp: Init_simps elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma LatticeDisjunctionElim2: "⊨ (F ∨ G ↝ H) ⟶ (G ↝ H)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (auto simp: Init_simps elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma LatticeDisjunctionIntro: "⊨ (F ↝ H) ∧ (G ↝ H) ⟶ (F ∨ G ↝ H)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply clarsimp
apply merge_box
apply (auto simp: Init_simps elim!: STL4E [temp_use])
done
lemma LatticeDisjunction: "⊨ (F ∨ G ↝ H) = ((F ↝ H) ∧ (G ↝ H))"
by (auto intro: LatticeDisjunctionIntro [temp_use]
LatticeDisjunctionElim1 [temp_use]
LatticeDisjunctionElim2 [temp_use])
lemma LatticeDiamond: "⊨ (A ↝ B ∨ C) ∧ (B ↝ D) ∧ (C ↝ D) ⟶ (A ↝ D)"
apply clarsimp
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ (B ∨ C) ↝ D" )
apply (erule_tac G = "LIFT (B ∨ C)" in LatticeTransitivity [temp_use])
apply (fastforce intro!: LatticeDisjunctionIntro [temp_use])+
done
lemma LatticeTriangle: "⊨ (A ↝ D ∨ B) ∧ (B ↝ D) ⟶ (A ↝ D)"
apply clarsimp
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ (D ∨ B) ↝ D" )
apply (erule_tac G = "LIFT (D ∨ B)" in LatticeTransitivity [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (auto intro: LatticeDisjunctionIntro [temp_use] LatticeReflexivity [temp_use])
done
lemma LatticeTriangle2: "⊨ (A ↝ B ∨ D) ∧ (B ↝ D) ⟶ (A ↝ D)"
apply clarsimp
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ B ∨ D ↝ D" )
apply (erule_tac G = "LIFT (B ∨ D)" in LatticeTransitivity [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (auto intro: LatticeDisjunctionIntro [temp_use] LatticeReflexivity [temp_use])
done
(*** Lamport's fairness rules ***)
section "Fairness rules"
lemma WF1:
"[ ⊨ $P ∧ N ⟶ P` ∨ Q`;
⊨ ($P ∧ N) ∧ <A>_v ⟶ Q`;
⊨ $P ∧ N ⟶ $(Enabled(<A>_v)) ]
==> ⊨ ◻ N ∧ WF(A)_v ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (clarsimp dest!: BoxWFI [temp_use])
apply (erule (2 ) ensures [temp_use])
apply (erule (1 ) STL4Edup)
apply (clarsimp simp: WF_def)
apply (rule STL2 [temp_use])
apply (clarsimp elim!: mp intro!: InitDmd [temp_use])
apply (erule STL4 [temp_use, THEN box_stp_actD [temp_use]])
apply (simp add: split_box_conj box_stp_actI)
done
(* Sometimes easier to use; designed for action B rather than state predicate Q *)
lemma WF_leadsto:
assumes 1 : "⊨ N ∧ $P ⟶ $Enabled (<A>_v)"
and 2 : "⊨ N ∧ <A>_v ⟶ B"
and 3 : "⊨ ◻ (N ∧ [¬ A]_v) ⟶ stable P"
shows "⊨ ◻ N ∧ WF(A)_v ⟶ (P ↝ B)"
apply (unfold leadsto_def)
apply (clarsimp dest!: BoxWFI [temp_use])
apply (erule (1 ) STL4Edup)
apply clarsimp
apply (rule 2 [THEN DmdImpl, temp_use])
apply (rule BoxDmd_simple [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (rule classical)
apply (rule STL2 [temp_use])
apply (clarsimp simp: WF_def elim!: mp intro!: InitDmd [temp_use])
apply (rule 1 [THEN STL4, temp_use, THEN box_stp_actD])
apply (simp (no_asm_simp) add: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] box_stp_act [try_rewrite])
apply (erule INV1 [temp_use])
apply (rule 3 [temp_use])
apply (simp add: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] NotDmd [temp_use] not_angle [try_rewrite])
done
lemma SF1:
"[ ⊨ $P ∧ N ⟶ P` ∨ Q`;
⊨ ($P ∧ N) ∧ <A>_v ⟶ Q`;
⊨ ◻ P ∧ ◻ N ∧ ◻ F ⟶ ♢ Enabled(<A>_v) ]
==> ⊨ ◻ N ∧ SF(A)_v ∧ ◻ F ⟶ (P ↝ Q)"
apply (clarsimp dest!: BoxSFI [temp_use])
apply (erule (2 ) ensures [temp_use])
apply (erule_tac F = F in dup_boxE)
apply merge_temp_box
apply (erule STL4Edup)
apply assumption
apply (clarsimp simp: SF_def)
apply (rule STL2 [temp_use])
apply (erule mp)
apply (erule STL4 [temp_use])
apply (simp add: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] STL3 [try_rewrite])
done
lemma WF2:
assumes 1 : "⊨ N ∧ <B>_f ⟶ <M>_g"
and 2 : "⊨ $P ∧ P` ∧ <N ∧ A>_f ⟶ B"
and 3 : "⊨ P ∧ Enabled(<M>_g) ⟶ Enabled(<A>_f)"
and 4 : "⊨ ◻ (N ∧ [¬ B]_f) ∧ WF(A)_f ∧ ◻ F ∧ ♢ ◻ Enabled(<M>_g) ⟶ ♢ ◻ P"
shows "⊨ ◻ N ∧ WF(A)_f ∧ ◻ F ⟶ WF(M)_g"
apply (clarsimp dest!: BoxWFI [temp_use] BoxDmdBox [temp_use, THEN iffD2]
simp: WF_def [where A = M])
apply (erule_tac F = F in dup_boxE)
apply merge_temp_box
apply (erule STL4Edup)
apply assumption
apply (clarsimp intro!: BoxDmd_simple [temp_use, THEN 1 [THEN DmdImpl, temp_use]])
apply (rule classical)
apply (subgoal_tac "sigmaa ⊨ ♢ (($P ∧ P` ∧ N) ∧ <A>_f)" )
apply (force simp: angle_def intro!: 2 [temp_use] elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use])
apply (rule BoxDmd_simple [THEN DmdImpl, unfolded DmdDmd [temp_rewrite], temp_use])
apply (simp add: NotDmd [temp_use] not_angle [try_rewrite])
apply merge_act_box
apply (frule 4 [temp_use])
apply assumption+
apply (drule STL6 [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (erule_tac V = "sigmaa ⊨ ♢ ◻ P" in thin_rl)
apply (erule_tac V = "sigmaa ⊨ ◻ F" in thin_rl)
apply (drule BoxWFI [temp_use])
apply (erule_tac F = "ACT N ∧ [¬ B]_f" in dup_boxE)
apply merge_temp_box
apply (erule DmdImpldup)
apply assumption
apply (auto simp: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] STL3 [try_rewrite]
WF_Box [try_rewrite] box_stp_act [try_rewrite])
apply (force elim!: TLA2E [where P = P, temp_use])
apply (rule STL2 [temp_use])
apply (force simp: WF_def split_box_conj [try_rewrite]
elim!: mp intro!: InitDmd [temp_use] 3 [THEN STL4, temp_use])
done
lemma SF2:
assumes 1 : "⊨ N ∧ <B>_f ⟶ <M>_g"
and 2 : "⊨ $P ∧ P` ∧ <N ∧ A>_f ⟶ B"
and 3 : "⊨ P ∧ Enabled(<M>_g) ⟶ Enabled(<A>_f)"
and 4 : "⊨ ◻ (N ∧ [¬ B]_f) ∧ SF(A)_f ∧ ◻ F ∧ ◻ ♢ Enabled(<M>_g) ⟶ ♢ ◻ P"
shows "⊨ ◻ N ∧ SF(A)_f ∧ ◻ F ⟶ SF(M)_g"
apply (clarsimp dest!: BoxSFI [temp_use] simp: 2 [try_rewrite] SF_def [where A = M])
apply (erule_tac F = F in dup_boxE)
apply (erule_tac F = "TEMP ♢ Enabled (<M>_g) " in dup_boxE)
apply merge_temp_box
apply (erule STL4Edup)
apply assumption
apply (clarsimp intro!: BoxDmd_simple [temp_use, THEN 1 [THEN DmdImpl, temp_use]])
apply (rule classical)
apply (subgoal_tac "sigmaa ⊨ ♢ (($P ∧ P` ∧ N) ∧ <A>_f)" )
apply (force simp: angle_def intro!: 2 [temp_use] elim!: DmdImplE [temp_use])
apply (rule BoxDmd_simple [THEN DmdImpl, unfolded DmdDmd [temp_rewrite], temp_use])
apply (simp add: NotDmd [temp_use] not_angle [try_rewrite])
apply merge_act_box
apply (frule 4 [temp_use])
apply assumption+
apply (erule_tac V = "sigmaa ⊨ ◻ F" in thin_rl)
apply (drule BoxSFI [temp_use])
apply (erule_tac F = "TEMP ♢ Enabled (<M>_g)" in dup_boxE)
apply (erule_tac F = "ACT N ∧ [¬ B]_f" in dup_boxE)
apply merge_temp_box
apply (erule DmdImpldup)
apply assumption
apply (auto simp: split_box_conj [try_rewrite] STL3 [try_rewrite]
SF_Box [try_rewrite] box_stp_act [try_rewrite])
apply (force elim!: TLA2E [where P = P, temp_use])
apply (rule STL2 [temp_use])
apply (force simp: SF_def split_box_conj [try_rewrite]
elim!: mp InfImpl [temp_use] intro!: 3 [temp_use])
done
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
(*** Liveness proofs by well-founded orderings ***)
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
section "Well-founded orderings"
lemma wf_leadsto:
assumes 1 : "wf r"
and 2 : "∧ x. sigma ⊨ F x ↝ (G ∨ (∃ y. #((y,x)∈ r) ∧ F y)) "
shows "sigma ⊨ F x ↝ G"
apply (rule 1 [THEN wf_induct])
apply (rule LatticeTriangle [temp_use])
apply (rule 2 )
apply (auto simp: leadsto_exists [try_rewrite])
apply (case_tac "(y,x) ∈ r" )
apply force
apply (force simp: leadsto_def Init_simps intro!: necT [temp_use])
done
(* If r is well-founded, state function v cannot decrease forever *)
lemma wf_not_box_decrease: "∧ r. wf r ==> ⊨ ◻ [ (v`, $v) ∈ #r ]_v ⟶ ♢ ◻ [#False]_v"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule ccontr)
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ (∃ x. v=#x) ↝ #False" )
apply (drule leadsto_false [temp_use, THEN iffD1, THEN STL2_gen [temp_use]])
apply (force simp: Init_defs)
apply (clarsimp simp: leadsto_exists [try_rewrite] not_square [try_rewrite] more_temp_simps)
apply (erule wf_leadsto)
apply (rule ensures_simple [temp_use])
apply (auto simp: square_def angle_def)
done
(* "wf r \<Longrightarrow> \<turnstile> \<diamond>\<box>[ (v`, $v) : #r ]_v \<longrightarrow> \<diamond>\<box>[#False]_v" *)
lemmas wf_not_dmd_box_decrease =
wf_not_box_decrease [THEN DmdImpl, unfolded more_temp_simps]
(* If there are infinitely many steps where v decreases, then there
have to be infinitely many non - stuttering steps where v doesn ' t decrease .
*)
lemma wf_box_dmd_decrease:
assumes 1 : "wf r"
shows "⊨ ◻ ♢ ((v`, $v) ∈ #r) ⟶ ◻ ♢ <(v`, $v) ∉ #r>_v"
apply clarsimp
apply (rule ccontr)
apply (simp add: not_angle [try_rewrite] more_temp_simps)
apply (drule 1 [THEN wf_not_dmd_box_decrease [temp_use]])
apply (drule BoxDmdDmdBox [temp_use])
apply assumption
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ ((#False) ::action)" )
apply force
apply (erule STL4E)
apply (rule DmdImpl)
apply (force intro: 1 [THEN wf_irrefl, temp_use])
done
(* In particular, for natural numbers, if n decreases infinitely often
then it has to increase infinitely often .
*)
lemma nat_box_dmd_decrease: "∧ n::nat stfun. ⊨ ◻ ♢ (n` < $n) ⟶ ◻ ♢ ($n < n`)"
apply clarsimp
apply (subgoal_tac "sigma ⊨ ◻ ♢ <¬ ((n`,$n) ∈ #less_than)>_n" )
apply (erule thin_rl)
apply (erule STL4E)
apply (rule DmdImpl)
apply (clarsimp simp: angle_def [try_rewrite])
apply (rule wf_box_dmd_decrease [temp_use])
apply (auto elim!: STL4E [temp_use] DmdImplE [temp_use])
done
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
(*** Flexible quantification over state variables ***)
(* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- *)
section "Flexible quantification"
lemma aallI:
assumes 1 : "basevars vs"
and 2 : "(∧ x. basevars (x,vs) ==> sigma ⊨ F x)"
shows "sigma ⊨ (∀ ∀ x. F x)"
by (auto simp: aall_def elim!: eexE [temp_use] intro!: 1 dest!: 2 [temp_use])
lemma aallE: "⊨ (∀ ∀ x. F x) ⟶ F x"
apply (unfold aall_def)
apply clarsimp
apply (erule contrapos_np)
apply (force intro!: eexI [temp_use])
done
(* monotonicity of quantification *)
lemma eex_mono:
assumes 1 : "sigma ⊨ ∃ ∃ x. F x"
and 2 : "∧ x. sigma ⊨ F x ⟶ G x"
shows "sigma ⊨ ∃ ∃ x. G x"
apply (rule unit_base [THEN 1 [THEN eexE]])
apply (rule eexI [temp_use])
apply (erule 2 [unfolded intensional_rews, THEN mp])
done
lemma aall_mono:
assumes 1 : "sigma ⊨ ∀ ∀ x. F(x)"
and 2 : "∧ x. sigma ⊨ F(x) ⟶ G(x)"
shows "sigma ⊨ ∀ ∀ x. G(x)"
apply (rule unit_base [THEN aallI])
apply (rule 2 [unfolded intensional_rews, THEN mp])
apply (rule 1 [THEN aallE [temp_use]])
done
(* Derived history introduction rule *)
lemma historyI:
assumes 1 : "sigma ⊨ Init I"
and 2 : "sigma ⊨ ◻ N"
and 3 : "basevars vs"
and 4 : "∧ h. basevars(h,vs) ==> ⊨ I ∧ h = ha ⟶ HI h"
and 5 : "∧ h s t. [ basevars(h,vs); N (s,t); h t = hb (h s) (s,t) ] ==> HN h (s,t)"
shows "sigma ⊨ ∃ ∃ h. Init (HI h) ∧ ◻ (HN h)"
apply (rule history [temp_use, THEN eexE])
apply (rule 3 )
apply (rule eexI [temp_use])
apply clarsimp
apply (rule conjI)
prefer 2
apply (insert 2 )
apply merge_box
apply (force elim!: STL4E [temp_use] 5 [temp_use])
apply (insert 1 )
apply (force simp: Init_defs elim!: 4 [temp_use])
done
(* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
example of a history variable : existence of a clock
*)
lemma "⊨ ∃ ∃ h. Init(h = #True) ∧ ◻ (h` = (¬ $h))"
apply (rule tempI)
apply (rule historyI)
apply (force simp: Init_defs intro!: unit_base [temp_use] necT [temp_use])+
done
end
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=90 H=100 G=95
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.18 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-06-30)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-07-09