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/*
* Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*
*/
#include "precompiled.hpp"
#include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
#include "classfile/vmClasses.hpp"
#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
#include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
#include "logging/log.hpp"
#include "logging/logStream.hpp"
#include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
#include "memory/universe.hpp"
#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
#include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
#include "runtime/init.hpp"
#include "runtime/java.hpp"
#include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
#include "runtime/javaThread.hpp"
#include "runtime/os.hpp"
#include "runtime/threadCritical.hpp"
#include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
#include "utilities/events.hpp"
#include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
// Implementation of ThreadShadow
void check_ThreadShadow() {
const ByteSize offset1 = byte_offset_of(ThreadShadow, _pending_exception);
const ByteSize offset2 = Thread::pending_exception_offset();
if (offset1 != offset2) fatal("ThreadShadow::_pending_exception is not positioned correctly");
}
void ThreadShadow::set_pending_exception(oop exception, const char* file, int line) {
assert(exception != NULL && oopDesc::is_oop(exception), "invalid exception oop");
_pending_exception = exception;
_exception_file = file;
_exception_line = line;
}
void ThreadShadow::clear_pending_exception() {
LogTarget(Debug, exceptions) lt;
if (_pending_exception != NULL && lt.is_enabled()) {
ResourceMark rm;
LogStream ls(lt);
ls.print("Thread::clear_pending_exception: cleared exception:");
_pending_exception->print_on(&ls);
}
_pending_exception = NULL;
_exception_file = NULL;
_exception_line = 0;
}
void ThreadShadow::clear_pending_nonasync_exception() {
// Do not clear probable async exceptions.
if ((_pending_exception->klass() != vmClasses::InternalError_klass() ||
java_lang_InternalError::during_unsafe_access(_pending_exception) != JNI_TRUE)) {
clear_pending_exception();
}
}
// Implementation of Exceptions
bool Exceptions::special_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception) {
// bootstrapping check
if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
vm_exit_during_initialization(h_exception);
ShouldNotReachHere();
}
#ifdef ASSERT
// Check for trying to throw stack overflow before initialization is complete
// to prevent infinite recursion trying to initialize stack overflow without
// adequate stack space.
// This can happen with stress testing a large value of StackShadowPages
if (h_exception()->klass() == vmClasses::StackOverflowError_klass()) {
InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(h_exception->klass());
assert(ik->is_initialized(),
"need to increase java_thread_min_stack_allowed calculation");
}
#endif // ASSERT
if (!thread->can_call_java()) {
// We do not care what kind of exception we get for a thread which
// is compiling. We just install a dummy exception object
thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool Exceptions::special_exception(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* h_name, const char* message) {
// bootstrapping check
if (!Universe::is_fully_initialized()) {
if (h_name == NULL) {
// at least an informative message.
vm_exit_during_initialization("Exception", message);
} else {
vm_exit_during_initialization(h_name, message);
}
ShouldNotReachHere();
}
if (!thread->can_call_java()) {
// We do not care what kind of exception we get for a thread which
// is compiling. We just install a dummy exception object
thread->set_pending_exception(Universe::vm_exception(), file, line);
return true;
}
return false;
}
// This method should only be called from generated code,
// therefore the exception oop should be in the oopmap.
void Exceptions::_throw_oop(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, oop exception) {
assert(exception != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");
Handle h_exception(thread, exception);
_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception);
}
void Exceptions::_throw(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Handle h_exception, const char* message) {
ResourceMark rm(thread);
assert(h_exception() != NULL, "exception should not be NULL");
// tracing (do this up front - so it works during boot strapping)
// Note, the print_value_string() argument is not called unless logging is enabled!
log_info(exceptions)("Exception <%s%s%s> (" PTR_FORMAT ") \n"
"thrown [%s, line %d]\nfor thread " PTR_FORMAT,
h_exception->print_value_string(),
message ? ": " : "", message ? message : "",
p2i(h_exception()), file, line, p2i(thread));
// for AbortVMOnException flag
Exceptions::debug_check_abort(h_exception, message);
// Check for special boot-strapping/compiler-thread handling
if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_exception)) {
return;
}
if (h_exception->is_a(vmClasses::VirtualMachineError_klass())) {
// Remove the ScopedValue bindings in case we got a virtual machine
// Error while we were trying to manipulate ScopedValue bindings.
thread->clear_scopedValueBindings();
if (h_exception->is_a(vmClasses::OutOfMemoryError_klass())) {
count_out_of_memory_exceptions(h_exception);
}
}
if (h_exception->is_a(vmClasses::LinkageError_klass())) {
Atomic::inc(&_linkage_errors, memory_order_relaxed);
}
assert(h_exception->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()), "exception is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");
// set the pending exception
thread->set_pending_exception(h_exception(), file, line);
// vm log
Events::log_exception(thread, h_exception, message, file, line);
}
void Exceptions::_throw_msg(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, const char* message,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
// Check for special boot-strapping/compiler-thread handling
if (special_exception(thread, file, line, name, message)) return;
// Create and throw exception
Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception, message);
}
void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, const char* message, Handle h_cause,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
// Check for special boot-strapping/compiler-thread handling
if (special_exception(thread, file, line, name, message)) return;
// Create and throw exception and init cause
Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, name, message, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception, message);
}
void Exceptions::_throw_cause(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, Handle h_cause,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
// Check for special boot-strapping/compiler-thread handling
if (special_exception(thread, file, line, h_cause)) return;
// Create and throw exception
Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, name, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
_throw(thread, file, line, h_exception, NULL);
}
void Exceptions::_throw_args(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments *args) {
// Check for special boot-strapping/compiler-thread handling
if (special_exception(thread, file, line, name, NULL)) return;
// Create and throw exception
Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
Handle h_prot(thread, NULL);
Handle exception = new_exception(thread, name, signature, args, h_loader, h_prot);
_throw(thread, file, line, exception);
}
// Methods for default parameters.
// NOTE: These must be here (and not in the header file) because of include circularities.
void Exceptions::_throw_msg_cause(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, const char* message, Handle h_cause) {
_throw_msg_cause(thread, file, line, name, message, h_cause, Handle(thread, NULL), Handle(thread, NULL));
}
void Exceptions::_throw_msg(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, const char* message) {
_throw_msg(thread, file, line, name, message, Handle(thread, NULL), Handle(thread, NULL));
}
void Exceptions::_throw_cause(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* name, Handle h_cause) {
_throw_cause(thread, file, line, name, h_cause, Handle(thread, NULL), Handle(thread, NULL));
}
void Exceptions::throw_stack_overflow_exception(JavaThread* THREAD, const char* file, int line, const methodHandle& method) {
Handle exception;
if (!THREAD->has_pending_exception()) {
InstanceKlass* k = vmClasses::StackOverflowError_klass();
oop e = k->allocate_instance(CHECK);
exception = Handle(THREAD, e); // fill_in_stack trace does gc
assert(k->is_initialized(), "need to increase java_thread_min_stack_allowed calculation");
if (StackTraceInThrowable) {
java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace(exception, method);
}
// Increment counter for hs_err file reporting
Atomic::inc(&Exceptions::_stack_overflow_errors, memory_order_relaxed);
} else {
// if prior exception, throw that one instead
exception = Handle(THREAD, THREAD->pending_exception());
}
_throw(THREAD, file, line, exception);
}
void Exceptions::fthrow(JavaThread* thread, const char* file, int line, Symbol* h_name, const char* format, ...) {
const int max_msg_size = 1024;
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, format);
char msg[max_msg_size];
os::vsnprintf(msg, max_msg_size, format, ap);
va_end(ap);
_throw_msg(thread, file, line, h_name, msg);
}
// Creates an exception oop, calls the <init> method with the given signature.
// and returns a Handle
Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments *args,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
assert(Universe::is_fully_initialized(),
"cannot be called during initialization");
assert(!thread->has_pending_exception(), "already has exception");
Handle h_exception;
// Resolve exception klass, and check for pending exception below.
Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, h_loader, h_protection_domain, true, thread);
if (!thread->has_pending_exception()) {
assert(klass != NULL, "klass must exist");
h_exception = JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(InstanceKlass::cast(klass),
signature,
args,
thread);
}
// Check if another exception was thrown in the process, if so rethrow that one
if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
h_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
thread->clear_pending_exception();
}
return h_exception;
}
// Creates an exception oop, calls the <init> method with the given signature.
// and returns a Handle
// Initializes the cause if cause non-null
Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments *args,
Handle h_cause,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain) {
Handle h_exception = new_exception(thread, name, signature, args, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
// Future: object initializer should take a cause argument
if (h_cause.not_null()) {
assert(h_cause->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass()),
"exception cause is not a subclass of java/lang/Throwable");
JavaValue result1(T_OBJECT);
JavaCallArguments args1;
args1.set_receiver(h_exception);
args1.push_oop(h_cause);
JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result1, h_exception->klass(),
vmSymbols::initCause_name(),
vmSymbols::throwable_throwable_signature(),
&args1,
thread);
}
// Check if another exception was thrown in the process, if so rethrow that one
if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
h_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
thread->clear_pending_exception();
}
return h_exception;
}
// Convenience method. Calls either the <init>() or <init>(Throwable) method when
// creating a new exception
Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
Handle h_cause,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain,
ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {
JavaCallArguments args;
Symbol* signature = NULL;
if (h_cause.is_null()) {
signature = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
} else {
signature = vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature();
args.push_oop(h_cause);
}
return new_exception(thread, name, signature, &args, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
}
// Convenience method. Calls either the <init>() or <init>(String) method when
// creating a new exception
Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
const char* message, Handle h_cause,
Handle h_loader, Handle h_protection_domain,
ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {
JavaCallArguments args;
Symbol* signature = NULL;
if (message == NULL) {
signature = vmSymbols::void_method_signature();
} else {
// There should be no pending exception. The caller is responsible for not calling
// this with a pending exception.
Handle incoming_exception;
if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
incoming_exception = Handle(thread, thread->pending_exception());
thread->clear_pending_exception();
ResourceMark rm(thread);
assert(incoming_exception.is_null(), "Pending exception while throwing %s %s", name->as_C_string(), message);
}
Handle msg;
if (to_utf8_safe == safe_to_utf8) {
// Make a java UTF8 string.
msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str(message, thread);
} else {
// Make a java string keeping the encoding scheme of the original string.
msg = java_lang_String::create_from_platform_dependent_str(message, thread);
}
// If we get an exception from the allocation, prefer that to
// the exception we are trying to build, or the pending exception (in product mode)
if (thread->has_pending_exception()) {
Handle exception(thread, thread->pending_exception());
thread->clear_pending_exception();
return exception;
}
if (incoming_exception.not_null()) {
return incoming_exception;
}
args.push_oop(msg);
signature = vmSymbols::string_void_signature();
}
return new_exception(thread, name, signature, &args, h_cause, h_loader, h_protection_domain);
}
// Another convenience method that creates handles for null class loaders and
// protection domains and null causes.
// If the last parameter 'to_utf8_mode' is safe_to_utf8,
// it means we can safely ignore the encoding scheme of the message string and
// convert it directly to a java UTF8 string. Otherwise, we need to take the
// encoding scheme of the string into account. One thing we should do at some
// point is to push this flag down to class java_lang_String since other
// classes may need similar functionalities.
Handle Exceptions::new_exception(JavaThread* thread, Symbol* name,
const char* message,
ExceptionMsgToUtf8Mode to_utf8_safe) {
Handle h_loader(thread, NULL);
Handle h_prot(thread, NULL);
Handle h_cause(thread, NULL);
return Exceptions::new_exception(thread, name, message, h_cause, h_loader,
h_prot, to_utf8_safe);
}
// invokedynamic uses wrap_dynamic_exception for:
// - bootstrap method resolution
// - post call to MethodHandleNatives::linkCallSite
// dynamically computed constant uses wrap_dynamic_exception for:
// - bootstrap method resolution
// - post call to MethodHandleNatives::linkDynamicConstant
void Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(bool is_indy, JavaThread* THREAD) {
if (THREAD->has_pending_exception()) {
bool log_indy = log_is_enabled(Debug, methodhandles, indy) && is_indy;
bool log_condy = log_is_enabled(Debug, methodhandles, condy) && !is_indy;
LogStreamHandle(Debug, methodhandles, indy) lsh_indy;
LogStreamHandle(Debug, methodhandles, condy) lsh_condy;
LogStream* ls = NULL;
if (log_indy) {
ls = &lsh_indy;
} else if (log_condy) {
ls = &lsh_condy;
}
oop exception = THREAD->pending_exception();
// See the "Linking Exceptions" section for the invokedynamic instruction
// in JVMS 6.5.
if (exception->is_a(vmClasses::Error_klass())) {
// Pass through an Error, including BootstrapMethodError, any other form
// of linkage error, or say OutOfMemoryError
if (ls != NULL) {
ls->print_cr("bootstrap method invocation wraps BSME around " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(exception));
exception->print_on(ls);
}
return;
}
// Otherwise wrap the exception in a BootstrapMethodError
if (ls != NULL) {
ls->print_cr("%s throws BSME for " PTR_FORMAT, is_indy ? "invokedynamic" : "dynamic constant", p2i(exception));
exception->print_on(ls);
}
Handle nested_exception(THREAD, exception);
THREAD->clear_pending_exception();
THROW_CAUSE(vmSymbols::java_lang_BootstrapMethodError(), nested_exception)
}
}
// Exception counting for hs_err file
volatile int Exceptions::_stack_overflow_errors = 0;
volatile int Exceptions::_linkage_errors = 0;
volatile int Exceptions::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap_errors = 0;
volatile int Exceptions::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace_errors = 0;
volatile int Exceptions::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace_errors = 0;
void Exceptions::count_out_of_memory_exceptions(Handle exception) {
if (Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_metaspace(exception())) {
Atomic::inc(&_out_of_memory_error_metaspace_errors, memory_order_relaxed);
} else if (Universe::is_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace(exception())) {
Atomic::inc(&_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace_errors, memory_order_relaxed);
} else {
// everything else reported as java heap OOM
Atomic::inc(&_out_of_memory_error_java_heap_errors, memory_order_relaxed);
}
}
void print_oom_count(outputStream* st, const char *err, int count) {
if (count > 0) {
st->print_cr("OutOfMemoryError %s=%d", err, count);
}
}
bool Exceptions::has_exception_counts() {
return (_stack_overflow_errors + _out_of_memory_error_java_heap_errors +
_out_of_memory_error_metaspace_errors + _out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace_errors) > 0;
}
void Exceptions::print_exception_counts_on_error(outputStream* st) {
print_oom_count(st, "java_heap_errors", _out_of_memory_error_java_heap_errors);
print_oom_count(st, "metaspace_errors", _out_of_memory_error_metaspace_errors);
print_oom_count(st, "class_metaspace_errors", _out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace_errors);
if (_stack_overflow_errors > 0) {
st->print_cr("StackOverflowErrors=%d", _stack_overflow_errors);
}
if (_linkage_errors > 0) {
st->print_cr("LinkageErrors=%d", _linkage_errors);
}
}
// Implementation of ExceptionMark
ExceptionMark::ExceptionMark(JavaThread* thread) {
assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "must be");
_thread = thread;
check_no_pending_exception();
}
ExceptionMark::ExceptionMark() {
_thread = JavaThread::current();
check_no_pending_exception();
}
inline void ExceptionMark::check_no_pending_exception() {
if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
oop exception = _thread->pending_exception();
_thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
exception->print();
fatal("ExceptionMark constructor expects no pending exceptions");
}
}
ExceptionMark::~ExceptionMark() {
if (_thread->has_pending_exception()) {
Handle exception(_thread, _thread->pending_exception());
_thread->clear_pending_exception(); // Needed to avoid infinite recursion
if (is_init_completed()) {
exception->print();
fatal("ExceptionMark destructor expects no pending exceptions");
} else {
vm_exit_during_initialization(exception);
}
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// caller frees value_string if necessary
void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(const char *value_string, const char* message) {
if (AbortVMOnException != NULL && value_string != NULL &&
strstr(value_string, AbortVMOnException)) {
if (AbortVMOnExceptionMessage == NULL || (message != NULL &&
strstr(message, AbortVMOnExceptionMessage))) {
if (message == NULL) {
fatal("Saw %s, aborting", value_string);
} else {
fatal("Saw %s: %s, aborting", value_string, message);
}
}
}
}
void Exceptions::debug_check_abort(Handle exception, const char* message) {
if (AbortVMOnException != NULL) {
debug_check_abort_helper(exception, message);
}
}
void Exceptions::debug_check_abort_helper(Handle exception, const char* message) {
ResourceMark rm;
if (message == NULL && exception->is_a(vmClasses::Throwable_klass())) {
oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(exception());
if (msg != NULL) {
message = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(msg);
}
}
debug_check_abort(exception()->klass()->external_name(), message);
}
// for logging exceptions
void Exceptions::log_exception(Handle exception, const char* message) {
ResourceMark rm;
Symbol* detail_message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(exception());
if (detail_message != NULL) {
log_info(exceptions)("Exception <%s: %s>\n thrown in %s",
exception->print_value_string(),
detail_message->as_C_string(),
message);
} else {
log_info(exceptions)("Exception <%s>\n thrown in %s",
exception->print_value_string(),
message);
}
}
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