// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later /* * Hierarchical Budget Worst-case Fair Weighted Fair Queueing * (B-WF2Q+): hierarchical scheduling algorithm by which the BFQ I/O * scheduler schedules generic entities. The latter can represent * either single bfq queues (associated with processes) or groups of * bfq queues (associated with cgroups).
*/ #include"bfq-iosched.h"
/** * bfq_gt - compare two timestamps. * @a: first ts. * @b: second ts. * * Return @a > @b, dealing with wrapping correctly.
*/ staticint bfq_gt(u64 a, u64 b)
{ return (s64)(a - b) > 0;
}
/** * bfq_update_next_in_service - update sd->next_in_service * @sd: sched_data for which to perform the update. * @new_entity: if not NULL, pointer to the entity whose activation, * requeueing or repositioning triggered the invocation of * this function. * @expiration: id true, this function is being invoked after the * expiration of the in-service entity * * This function is called to update sd->next_in_service, which, in * its turn, may change as a consequence of the insertion or * extraction of an entity into/from one of the active trees of * sd. These insertions/extractions occur as a consequence of * activations/deactivations of entities, with some activations being * 'true' activations, and other activations being requeueings (i.e., * implementing the second, requeueing phase of the mechanism used to * reposition an entity in its active tree; see comments on * __bfq_activate_entity and __bfq_requeue_entity for details). In * both the last two activation sub-cases, new_entity points to the * just activated or requeued entity. * * Returns true if sd->next_in_service changes in such a way that * entity->parent may become the next_in_service for its parent * entity.
*/ staticbool bfq_update_next_in_service(struct bfq_sched_data *sd, struct bfq_entity *new_entity, bool expiration)
{ struct bfq_entity *next_in_service = sd->next_in_service; bool parent_sched_may_change = false; bool change_without_lookup = false;
/* * If this update is triggered by the activation, requeueing * or repositioning of an entity that does not coincide with * sd->next_in_service, then a full lookup in the active tree * can be avoided. In fact, it is enough to check whether the * just-modified entity has the same priority as * sd->next_in_service, is eligible and has a lower virtual * finish time than sd->next_in_service. If this compound * condition holds, then the new entity becomes the new * next_in_service. Otherwise no change is needed.
*/ if (new_entity && new_entity != sd->next_in_service) { /* * Flag used to decide whether to replace * sd->next_in_service with new_entity. Tentatively * set to true, and left as true if * sd->next_in_service is NULL.
*/
change_without_lookup = true;
/* * If there is already a next_in_service candidate * entity, then compare timestamps to decide whether * to replace sd->service_tree with new_entity.
*/ if (next_in_service) { unsignedint new_entity_class_idx =
bfq_class_idx(new_entity); struct bfq_service_tree *st =
sd->service_tree + new_entity_class_idx;
/* * Returns true if this budget changes may let next_in_service->parent * become the next_in_service entity for its parent entity.
*/ staticbool bfq_update_parent_budget(struct bfq_entity *next_in_service)
{ struct bfq_entity *bfqg_entity; struct bfq_group *bfqg; struct bfq_sched_data *group_sd; bool ret = false;
group_sd = next_in_service->sched_data;
bfqg = container_of(group_sd, struct bfq_group, sched_data); /* * bfq_group's my_entity field is not NULL only if the group * is not the root group. We must not touch the root entity * as it must never become an in-service entity.
*/
bfqg_entity = bfqg->my_entity; if (bfqg_entity) { if (bfqg_entity->budget > next_in_service->budget)
ret = true;
bfqg_entity->budget = next_in_service->budget;
}
return ret;
}
/* * This function tells whether entity stops being a candidate for next * service, according to the restrictive definition of the field * next_in_service. In particular, this function is invoked for an * entity that is about to be set in service. * * If entity is a queue, then the entity is no longer a candidate for * next service according to the that definition, because entity is * about to become the in-service queue. This function then returns * true if entity is a queue. * * In contrast, entity could still be a candidate for next service if * it is not a queue, and has more than one active child. In fact, * even if one of its children is about to be set in service, other * active children may still be the next to serve, for the parent * entity, even according to the above definition. As a consequence, a * non-queue entity is not a candidate for next-service only if it has * only one active child. And only if this condition holds, then this * function returns true for a non-queue entity.
*/ staticbool bfq_no_longer_next_in_service(struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_group *bfqg;
/* * The field active_entities does not always contain the * actual number of active children entities: it happens to * not account for the in-service entity in case the latter is * removed from its active tree (which may get done after * invoking the function bfq_no_longer_next_in_service in * bfq_get_next_queue). Fortunately, here, i.e., while * bfq_no_longer_next_in_service is not yet completed in * bfq_get_next_queue, bfq_active_extract has not yet been * invoked, and thus active_entities still coincides with the * actual number of active entities.
*/ if (bfqg->active_entities == 1) returntrue;
/* * Shift for timestamp calculations. This actually limits the maximum * service allowed in one timestamp delta (small shift values increase it), * the maximum total weight that can be used for the queues in the system * (big shift values increase it), and the period of virtual time * wraparounds.
*/ #define WFQ_SERVICE_SHIFT 22
if (!entity->my_sched_data)
bfqq = container_of(entity, struct bfq_queue, entity);
return bfqq;
}
/** * bfq_delta - map service into the virtual time domain. * @service: amount of service. * @weight: scale factor (weight of an entity or weight sum).
*/ static u64 bfq_delta(unsignedlong service, unsignedlong weight)
{ return div64_ul((u64)service << WFQ_SERVICE_SHIFT, weight);
}
/** * bfq_calc_finish - assign the finish time to an entity. * @entity: the entity to act upon. * @service: the service to be charged to the entity.
*/ staticvoid bfq_calc_finish(struct bfq_entity *entity, unsignedlong service)
{ struct bfq_queue *bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity);
/** * bfq_entity_of - get an entity from a node. * @node: the node field of the entity. * * Convert a node pointer to the relative entity. This is used only * to simplify the logic of some functions and not as the generic * conversion mechanism because, e.g., in the tree walking functions, * the check for a %NULL value would be redundant.
*/ struct bfq_entity *bfq_entity_of(struct rb_node *node)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity = NULL;
if (node)
entity = rb_entry(node, struct bfq_entity, rb_node);
return entity;
}
/** * bfq_extract - remove an entity from a tree. * @root: the tree root. * @entity: the entity to remove.
*/ staticvoid bfq_extract(struct rb_root *root, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{
entity->tree = NULL;
rb_erase(&entity->rb_node, root);
}
/** * bfq_idle_extract - extract an entity from the idle tree. * @st: the service tree of the owning @entity. * @entity: the entity being removed.
*/ staticvoid bfq_idle_extract(struct bfq_service_tree *st, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_queue *bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity); struct rb_node *next;
if (entity == st->first_idle) {
next = rb_next(&entity->rb_node);
st->first_idle = bfq_entity_of(next);
}
if (entity == st->last_idle) {
next = rb_prev(&entity->rb_node);
st->last_idle = bfq_entity_of(next);
}
bfq_extract(&st->idle, entity);
if (bfqq)
list_del(&bfqq->bfqq_list);
}
/** * bfq_insert - generic tree insertion. * @root: tree root. * @entity: entity to insert. * * This is used for the idle and the active tree, since they are both * ordered by finish time.
*/ staticvoid bfq_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_entity *entry; struct rb_node **node = &root->rb_node; struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
/** * bfq_update_min - update the min_start field of a entity. * @entity: the entity to update. * @node: one of its children. * * This function is called when @entity may store an invalid value for * min_start due to updates to the active tree. The function assumes * that the subtree rooted at @node (which may be its left or its right * child) has a valid min_start value.
*/ staticvoid bfq_update_min(struct bfq_entity *entity, struct rb_node *node)
{ struct bfq_entity *child;
if (node) {
child = rb_entry(node, struct bfq_entity, rb_node); if (bfq_gt(entity->min_start, child->min_start))
entity->min_start = child->min_start;
}
}
/** * bfq_update_active_node - recalculate min_start. * @node: the node to update. * * @node may have changed position or one of its children may have moved, * this function updates its min_start value. The left and right subtrees * are assumed to hold a correct min_start value.
*/ staticvoid bfq_update_active_node(struct rb_node *node)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity = rb_entry(node, struct bfq_entity, rb_node);
/** * bfq_update_active_tree - update min_start for the whole active tree. * @node: the starting node. * * @node must be the deepest modified node after an update. This function * updates its min_start using the values held by its children, assuming * that they did not change, and then updates all the nodes that may have * changed in the path to the root. The only nodes that may have changed * are the ones in the path or their siblings.
*/ staticvoid bfq_update_active_tree(struct rb_node *node)
{ struct rb_node *parent;
up:
bfq_update_active_node(node);
parent = rb_parent(node); if (!parent) return;
if (node == parent->rb_left && parent->rb_right)
bfq_update_active_node(parent->rb_right); elseif (parent->rb_left)
bfq_update_active_node(parent->rb_left);
node = parent; goto up;
}
/** * bfq_active_insert - insert an entity in the active tree of its * group/device. * @st: the service tree of the entity. * @entity: the entity being inserted. * * The active tree is ordered by finish time, but an extra key is kept * per each node, containing the minimum value for the start times of * its children (and the node itself), so it's possible to search for * the eligible node with the lowest finish time in logarithmic time.
*/ staticvoid bfq_active_insert(struct bfq_service_tree *st, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_queue *bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity); struct rb_node *node = &entity->rb_node;
bfq_insert(&st->active, entity);
if (node->rb_left)
node = node->rb_left; elseif (node->rb_right)
node = node->rb_right;
bfq_update_active_tree(node);
if (bfqq)
list_add(&bfqq->bfqq_list, &bfqq->bfqd->active_list[bfqq->actuator_idx]);
bfq_inc_active_entities(entity);
}
/** * bfq_ioprio_to_weight - calc a weight from an ioprio. * @ioprio: the ioprio value to convert.
*/ unsignedshort bfq_ioprio_to_weight(int ioprio)
{ return (IOPRIO_NR_LEVELS - ioprio) * BFQ_WEIGHT_CONVERSION_COEFF;
}
/** * bfq_weight_to_ioprio - calc an ioprio from a weight. * @weight: the weight value to convert. * * To preserve as much as possible the old only-ioprio user interface, * 0 is used as an escape ioprio value for weights (numerically) equal or * larger than IOPRIO_NR_LEVELS * BFQ_WEIGHT_CONVERSION_COEFF.
*/ staticunsignedshort bfq_weight_to_ioprio(int weight)
{ return max_t(int, 0,
IOPRIO_NR_LEVELS - weight / BFQ_WEIGHT_CONVERSION_COEFF);
}
/** * bfq_find_deepest - find the deepest node that an extraction can modify. * @node: the node being removed. * * Do the first step of an extraction in an rb tree, looking for the * node that will replace @node, and returning the deepest node that * the following modifications to the tree can touch. If @node is the * last node in the tree return %NULL.
*/ staticstruct rb_node *bfq_find_deepest(struct rb_node *node)
{ struct rb_node *deepest;
if (node)
bfq_update_active_tree(node); if (bfqq)
list_del(&bfqq->bfqq_list);
bfq_dec_active_entities(entity);
}
/** * bfq_idle_insert - insert an entity into the idle tree. * @st: the service tree containing the tree. * @entity: the entity to insert.
*/ staticvoid bfq_idle_insert(struct bfq_service_tree *st, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_queue *bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity); struct bfq_entity *first_idle = st->first_idle; struct bfq_entity *last_idle = st->last_idle;
if (!first_idle || bfq_gt(first_idle->finish, entity->finish))
st->first_idle = entity; if (!last_idle || bfq_gt(entity->finish, last_idle->finish))
st->last_idle = entity;
bfq_insert(&st->idle, entity);
if (bfqq)
list_add(&bfqq->bfqq_list, &bfqq->bfqd->idle_list);
}
/** * bfq_forget_entity - do not consider entity any longer for scheduling * @st: the service tree. * @entity: the entity being removed. * @is_in_service: true if entity is currently the in-service entity. * * Forget everything about @entity. In addition, if entity represents * a queue, and the latter is not in service, then release the service * reference to the queue (the one taken through bfq_get_entity). In * fact, in this case, there is really no more service reference to * the queue, as the latter is also outside any service tree. If, * instead, the queue is in service, then __bfq_bfqd_reset_in_service * will take care of putting the reference when the queue finally * stops being served.
*/ staticvoid bfq_forget_entity(struct bfq_service_tree *st, struct bfq_entity *entity, bool is_in_service)
{ struct bfq_queue *bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity);
/** * bfq_put_idle_entity - release the idle tree ref of an entity. * @st: service tree for the entity. * @entity: the entity being released.
*/ void bfq_put_idle_entity(struct bfq_service_tree *st, struct bfq_entity *entity)
{
bfq_idle_extract(st, entity);
bfq_forget_entity(st, entity,
entity == entity->sched_data->in_service_entity);
}
/** * bfq_forget_idle - update the idle tree if necessary. * @st: the service tree to act upon. * * To preserve the global O(log N) complexity we only remove one entry here; * as the idle tree will not grow indefinitely this can be done safely.
*/ staticvoid bfq_forget_idle(struct bfq_service_tree *st)
{ struct bfq_entity *first_idle = st->first_idle; struct bfq_entity *last_idle = st->last_idle;
if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&st->active) && last_idle &&
!bfq_gt(last_idle->finish, st->vtime)) { /* * Forget the whole idle tree, increasing the vtime past * the last finish time of idle entities.
*/
st->vtime = last_idle->finish;
}
if (first_idle && !bfq_gt(first_idle->finish, st->vtime))
bfq_put_idle_entity(st, first_idle);
}
/* * Update weight and priority of entity. If update_class_too is true, * then update the ioprio_class of entity too. * * The reason why the update of ioprio_class is controlled through the * last parameter is as follows. Changing the ioprio class of an * entity implies changing the destination service trees for that * entity. If such a change occurred when the entity is already on one * of the service trees for its previous class, then the state of the * entity would become more complex: none of the new possible service * trees for the entity, according to bfq_entity_service_tree(), would * match any of the possible service trees on which the entity * is. Complex operations involving these trees, such as entity * activations and deactivations, should take into account this * additional complexity. To avoid this issue, this function is * invoked with update_class_too unset in the points in the code where * entity may happen to be on some tree.
*/ struct bfq_service_tree *
__bfq_entity_update_weight_prio(struct bfq_service_tree *old_st, struct bfq_entity *entity, bool update_class_too)
{ struct bfq_service_tree *new_st = old_st;
/* Matches the smp_wmb() in bfq_group_set_weight. */
smp_rmb();
old_st->wsum -= entity->weight;
if (entity->new_weight != entity->orig_weight) { if (entity->new_weight < BFQ_MIN_WEIGHT ||
entity->new_weight > BFQ_MAX_WEIGHT) {
pr_crit("update_weight_prio: new_weight %d\n",
entity->new_weight); if (entity->new_weight < BFQ_MIN_WEIGHT)
entity->new_weight = BFQ_MIN_WEIGHT; else
entity->new_weight = BFQ_MAX_WEIGHT;
}
entity->orig_weight = entity->new_weight; if (bfqq)
bfqq->ioprio =
bfq_weight_to_ioprio(entity->orig_weight);
}
if (bfqq && update_class_too)
bfqq->ioprio_class = bfqq->new_ioprio_class;
/* * Reset prio_changed only if the ioprio_class change * is not pending any longer.
*/ if (!bfqq || bfqq->ioprio_class == bfqq->new_ioprio_class)
entity->prio_changed = 0;
/* * NOTE: here we may be changing the weight too early, * this will cause unfairness. The correct approach * would have required additional complexity to defer * weight changes to the proper time instants (i.e., * when entity->finish <= old_st->vtime).
*/
new_st = bfq_entity_service_tree(entity);
prev_weight = entity->weight;
new_weight = entity->orig_weight *
(bfqq ? bfqq->wr_coeff : 1); /* * If the weight of the entity changes, and the entity is a * queue, remove the entity from its old weight counter (if * there is a counter associated with the entity).
*/ if (prev_weight != new_weight && bfqq)
bfq_weights_tree_remove(bfqq);
entity->weight = new_weight; /* * Add the entity, if it is not a weight-raised queue, * to the counter associated with its new weight.
*/ if (prev_weight != new_weight && bfqq && bfqq->wr_coeff == 1)
bfq_weights_tree_add(bfqq);
new_st->wsum += entity->weight;
if (new_st != old_st)
entity->start = new_st->vtime;
}
return new_st;
}
/** * bfq_bfqq_served - update the scheduler status after selection for * service. * @bfqq: the queue being served. * @served: bytes to transfer. * * NOTE: this can be optimized, as the timestamps of upper level entities * are synchronized every time a new bfqq is selected for service. By now, * we keep it to better check consistency.
*/ void bfq_bfqq_served(struct bfq_queue *bfqq, int served)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity = &bfqq->entity; struct bfq_service_tree *st;
if (!bfqq->service_from_backlogged)
bfqq->first_IO_time = jiffies;
if (bfqq->wr_coeff > 1)
bfqq->service_from_wr += served;
bfqq->service_from_backlogged += served;
for_each_entity(entity) {
st = bfq_entity_service_tree(entity);
/** * bfq_bfqq_charge_time - charge an amount of service equivalent to the length * of the time interval during which bfqq has been in * service. * @bfqd: the device * @bfqq: the queue that needs a service update. * @time_ms: the amount of time during which the queue has received service * * If a queue does not consume its budget fast enough, then providing * the queue with service fairness may impair throughput, more or less * severely. For this reason, queues that consume their budget slowly * are provided with time fairness instead of service fairness. This * goal is achieved through the BFQ scheduling engine, even if such an * engine works in the service, and not in the time domain. The trick * is charging these queues with an inflated amount of service, equal * to the amount of service that they would have received during their * service slot if they had been fast, i.e., if their requests had * been dispatched at a rate equal to the estimated peak rate. * * It is worth noting that time fairness can cause important * distortions in terms of bandwidth distribution, on devices with * internal queueing. The reason is that I/O requests dispatched * during the service slot of a queue may be served after that service * slot is finished, and may have a total processing time loosely * correlated with the duration of the service slot. This is * especially true for short service slots.
*/ void bfq_bfqq_charge_time(struct bfq_data *bfqd, struct bfq_queue *bfqq, unsignedlong time_ms)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity = &bfqq->entity; unsignedlong timeout_ms = jiffies_to_msecs(bfq_timeout); unsignedlong bounded_time_ms = min(time_ms, timeout_ms); int serv_to_charge_for_time =
(bfqd->bfq_max_budget * bounded_time_ms) / timeout_ms; int tot_serv_to_charge = max(serv_to_charge_for_time, entity->service);
/* Increase budget to avoid inconsistencies */ if (tot_serv_to_charge > entity->budget)
entity->budget = tot_serv_to_charge;
/* * When this function is invoked, entity is not in any service * tree, then it is safe to invoke next function with the last * parameter set (see the comments on the function).
*/
st = __bfq_entity_update_weight_prio(st, entity, true);
bfq_calc_finish(entity, entity->budget);
/* * If some queues enjoy backshifting for a while, then their * (virtual) finish timestamps may happen to become lower and * lower than the system virtual time. In particular, if * these queues often happen to be idle for short time * periods, and during such time periods other queues with * higher timestamps happen to be busy, then the backshifted * timestamps of the former queues can become much lower than * the system virtual time. In fact, to serve the queues with * higher timestamps while the ones with lower timestamps are * idle, the system virtual time may be pushed-up to much * higher values than the finish timestamps of the idle * queues. As a consequence, the finish timestamps of all new * or newly activated queues may end up being much larger than * those of lucky queues with backshifted timestamps. The * latter queues may then monopolize the device for a lot of * time. This would simply break service guarantees. * * To reduce this problem, push up a little bit the * backshifted timestamps of the queue associated with this * entity (only a queue can happen to have the backshifted * flag set): just enough to let the finish timestamp of the * queue be equal to the current value of the system virtual * time. This may introduce a little unfairness among queues * with backshifted timestamps, but it does not break * worst-case fairness guarantees. * * As a special case, if bfqq is weight-raised, push up * timestamps much less, to keep very low the probability that * this push up causes the backshifted finish timestamps of * weight-raised queues to become higher than the backshifted * finish timestamps of non weight-raised queues.
*/ if (backshifted && bfq_gt(st->vtime, entity->finish)) { unsignedlong delta = st->vtime - entity->finish;
/** * __bfq_activate_entity - handle activation of entity. * @entity: the entity being activated. * @non_blocking_wait_rq: true if entity was waiting for a request * * Called for a 'true' activation, i.e., if entity is not active and * one of its children receives a new request. * * Basically, this function updates the timestamps of entity and * inserts entity into its active tree, after possibly extracting it * from its idle tree.
*/ staticvoid __bfq_activate_entity(struct bfq_entity *entity, bool non_blocking_wait_rq)
{ struct bfq_service_tree *st = bfq_entity_service_tree(entity); bool backshifted = false; unsignedlonglong min_vstart;
/* See comments on bfq_fqq_update_budg_for_activation */ if (non_blocking_wait_rq && bfq_gt(st->vtime, entity->finish)) {
backshifted = true;
min_vstart = entity->finish;
} else
min_vstart = st->vtime;
if (entity->tree == &st->idle) { /* * Must be on the idle tree, bfq_idle_extract() will * check for that.
*/
bfq_idle_extract(st, entity);
entity->start = bfq_gt(min_vstart, entity->finish) ?
min_vstart : entity->finish;
} else { /* * The finish time of the entity may be invalid, and * it is in the past for sure, otherwise the queue * would have been on the idle tree.
*/
entity->start = min_vstart;
st->wsum += entity->weight; /* * entity is about to be inserted into a service tree, * and then set in service: get a reference to make * sure entity does not disappear until it is no * longer in service or scheduled for service.
*/
bfq_get_entity(entity);
/** * __bfq_requeue_entity - handle requeueing or repositioning of an entity. * @entity: the entity being requeued or repositioned. * * Requeueing is needed if this entity stops being served, which * happens if a leaf descendant entity has expired. On the other hand, * repositioning is needed if the next_inservice_entity for the child * entity has changed. See the comments inside the function for * details. * * Basically, this function: 1) removes entity from its active tree if * present there, 2) updates the timestamps of entity and 3) inserts * entity back into its active tree (in the new, right position for * the new values of the timestamps).
*/ staticvoid __bfq_requeue_entity(struct bfq_entity *entity)
{ struct bfq_sched_data *sd = entity->sched_data; struct bfq_service_tree *st = bfq_entity_service_tree(entity);
if (entity == sd->in_service_entity) { /* * We are requeueing the current in-service entity, * which may have to be done for one of the following * reasons: * - entity represents the in-service queue, and the * in-service queue is being requeued after an * expiration; * - entity represents a group, and its budget has * changed because one of its child entities has * just been either activated or requeued for some * reason; the timestamps of the entity need then to * be updated, and the entity needs to be enqueued * or repositioned accordingly. * * In particular, before requeueing, the start time of * the entity must be moved forward to account for the * service that the entity has received while in * service. This is done by the next instructions. The * finish time will then be updated according to this * new value of the start time, and to the budget of * the entity.
*/
bfq_calc_finish(entity, entity->service);
entity->start = entity->finish; /* * In addition, if the entity had more than one child * when set in service, then it was not extracted from * the active tree. This implies that the position of * the entity in the active tree may need to be * changed now, because we have just updated the start * time of the entity, and we will update its finish * time in a moment (the requeueing is then, more * precisely, a repositioning in this case). To * implement this repositioning, we: 1) dequeue the * entity here, 2) update the finish time and requeue * the entity according to the new timestamps below.
*/ if (entity->tree)
bfq_active_extract(st, entity);
} else { /* The entity is already active, and not in service */ /* * In this case, this function gets called only if the * next_in_service entity below this entity has * changed, and this change has caused the budget of * this entity to change, which, finally implies that * the finish time of this entity must be * updated. Such an update may cause the scheduling, * i.e., the position in the active tree, of this * entity to change. We handle this change by: 1) * dequeueing the entity here, 2) updating the finish * time and requeueing the entity according to the new * timestamps below. This is the same approach as the * non-extracted-entity sub-case above.
*/
bfq_active_extract(st, entity);
}
if (entity->sched_data->in_service_entity == entity ||
entity->tree == &st->active) /* * in service or already queued on the active tree, * requeue or reposition
*/
__bfq_requeue_entity(entity); else /* * Not in service and not queued on its active tree: * the activity is idle and this is a true activation.
*/
__bfq_activate_entity(entity, non_blocking_wait_rq);
}
/** * bfq_activate_requeue_entity - activate or requeue an entity representing a * bfq_queue, and activate, requeue or reposition * all ancestors for which such an update becomes * necessary. * @entity: the entity to activate. * @non_blocking_wait_rq: true if this entity was waiting for a request * @requeue: true if this is a requeue, which implies that bfqq is * being expired; thus ALL its ancestors stop being served and must * therefore be requeued * @expiration: true if this function is being invoked in the expiration path * of the in-service queue
*/ staticvoid bfq_activate_requeue_entity(struct bfq_entity *entity, bool non_blocking_wait_rq, bool requeue, bool expiration)
{
for_each_entity(entity) {
__bfq_activate_requeue_entity(entity, non_blocking_wait_rq); if (!bfq_update_next_in_service(entity->sched_data, entity,
expiration) && !requeue) break;
}
}
/** * __bfq_deactivate_entity - update sched_data and service trees for * entity, so as to represent entity as inactive * @entity: the entity being deactivated. * @ins_into_idle_tree: if false, the entity will not be put into the * idle tree. * * If necessary and allowed, puts entity into the idle tree. NOTE: * entity may be on no tree if in service.
*/ bool __bfq_deactivate_entity(struct bfq_entity *entity, bool ins_into_idle_tree)
{ struct bfq_sched_data *sd = entity->sched_data; struct bfq_service_tree *st; bool is_in_service;
if (!entity->on_st_or_in_serv) /* * entity never activated, or * already inactive
*/ returnfalse;
/* * If we get here, then entity is active, which implies that * bfq_group_set_parent has already been invoked for the group * represented by entity. Therefore, the field * entity->sched_data has been set, and we can safely use it.
*/
st = bfq_entity_service_tree(entity);
is_in_service = entity == sd->in_service_entity;
bfq_calc_finish(entity, entity->service);
if (is_in_service)
sd->in_service_entity = NULL; else /* * Non in-service entity: nobody will take care of * resetting its service counter on expiration. Do it * now.
*/
entity->service = 0;
/** * bfq_deactivate_entity - deactivate an entity representing a bfq_queue. * @entity: the entity to deactivate. * @ins_into_idle_tree: true if the entity can be put into the idle tree * @expiration: true if this function is being invoked in the expiration path * of the in-service queue
*/ staticvoid bfq_deactivate_entity(struct bfq_entity *entity, bool ins_into_idle_tree, bool expiration)
{ struct bfq_sched_data *sd; struct bfq_entity *parent = NULL;
if (!__bfq_deactivate_entity(entity, ins_into_idle_tree)) { /* * entity is not in any tree any more, so * this deactivation is a no-op, and there is * nothing to change for upper-level entities * (in case of expiration, this can never * happen).
*/ return;
}
if (sd->next_in_service == entity) /* * entity was the next_in_service entity, * then, since entity has just been * deactivated, a new one must be found.
*/
bfq_update_next_in_service(sd, NULL, expiration);
if (sd->next_in_service || sd->in_service_entity) { /* * The parent entity is still active, because * either next_in_service or in_service_entity * is not NULL. So, no further upwards * deactivation must be performed. Yet, * next_in_service has changed. Then the * schedule does need to be updated upwards. * * NOTE If in_service_entity is not NULL, then * next_in_service may happen to be NULL, * although the parent entity is evidently * active. This happens if 1) the entity * pointed by in_service_entity is the only * active entity in the parent entity, and 2) * according to the definition of * next_in_service, the in_service_entity * cannot be considered as * next_in_service. See the comments on the * definition of next_in_service for details.
*/ break;
}
/* * If we get here, then the parent is no more * backlogged and we need to propagate the * deactivation upwards. Thus let the loop go on.
*/
/* * Also let parent be queued into the idle tree on * deactivation, to preserve service guarantees, and * assuming that who invoked this function does not * need parent entities too to be removed completely.
*/
ins_into_idle_tree = true;
}
/* * If the deactivation loop is fully executed, then there are * no more entities to touch and next loop is not executed at * all. Otherwise, requeue remaining entities if they are * about to stop receiving service, or reposition them if this * is not the case.
*/
entity = parent;
for_each_entity(entity) { /* * Invoke __bfq_requeue_entity on entity, even if * already active, to requeue/reposition it in the * active tree (because sd->next_in_service has * changed)
*/
__bfq_requeue_entity(entity);
sd = entity->sched_data; if (!bfq_update_next_in_service(sd, entity, expiration) &&
!expiration) /* * next_in_service unchanged or not causing * any change in entity->parent->sd, and no * requeueing needed for expiration: stop * here.
*/ break;
}
}
/** * bfq_calc_vtime_jump - compute the value to which the vtime should jump, * if needed, to have at least one entity eligible. * @st: the service tree to act upon. * * Assumes that st is not empty.
*/ static u64 bfq_calc_vtime_jump(struct bfq_service_tree *st)
{ struct bfq_entity *root_entity = bfq_root_active_entity(&st->active);
if (bfq_gt(root_entity->min_start, st->vtime)) return root_entity->min_start;
/** * bfq_first_active_entity - find the eligible entity with * the smallest finish time * @st: the service tree to select from. * @vtime: the system virtual to use as a reference for eligibility * * This function searches the first schedulable entity, starting from the * root of the tree and going on the left every time on this side there is * a subtree with at least one eligible (start <= vtime) entity. The path on * the right is followed only if a) the left subtree contains no eligible * entities and b) no eligible entity has been found yet.
*/ staticstruct bfq_entity *bfq_first_active_entity(struct bfq_service_tree *st,
u64 vtime)
{ struct bfq_entity *entry, *first = NULL; struct rb_node *node = st->active.rb_node;
while (node) {
entry = rb_entry(node, struct bfq_entity, rb_node);
left: if (!bfq_gt(entry->start, vtime))
first = entry;
if (node->rb_left) {
entry = rb_entry(node->rb_left, struct bfq_entity, rb_node); if (!bfq_gt(entry->min_start, vtime)) {
node = node->rb_left; goto left;
}
} if (first) break;
node = node->rb_right;
}
return first;
}
/** * __bfq_lookup_next_entity - return the first eligible entity in @st. * @st: the service tree. * @in_service: whether or not there is an in-service entity for the sched_data * this active tree belongs to. * * If there is no in-service entity for the sched_data st belongs to, * then return the entity that will be set in service if: * 1) the parent entity this st belongs to is set in service; * 2) no entity belonging to such parent entity undergoes a state change * that would influence the timestamps of the entity (e.g., becomes idle, * becomes backlogged, changes its budget, ...). * * In this first case, update the virtual time in @st too (see the * comments on this update inside the function). * * In contrast, if there is an in-service entity, then return the * entity that would be set in service if not only the above * conditions, but also the next one held true: the currently * in-service entity, on expiration, * 1) gets a finish time equal to the current one, or * 2) is not eligible any more, or * 3) is idle.
*/ staticstruct bfq_entity *
__bfq_lookup_next_entity(struct bfq_service_tree *st, bool in_service)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity;
u64 new_vtime;
if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&st->active)) return NULL;
/* * Get the value of the system virtual time for which at * least one entity is eligible.
*/
new_vtime = bfq_calc_vtime_jump(st);
/* * If there is no in-service entity for the sched_data this * active tree belongs to, then push the system virtual time * up to the value that guarantees that at least one entity is * eligible. If, instead, there is an in-service entity, then * do not make any such update, because there is already an * eligible entity, namely the in-service one (even if the * entity is not on st, because it was extracted when set in * service).
*/ if (!in_service)
bfq_update_vtime(st, new_vtime);
entity = bfq_first_active_entity(st, new_vtime);
return entity;
}
/** * bfq_lookup_next_entity - return the first eligible entity in @sd. * @sd: the sched_data. * @expiration: true if we are on the expiration path of the in-service queue * * This function is invoked when there has been a change in the trees * for sd, and we need to know what is the new next entity to serve * after this change.
*/ staticstruct bfq_entity *bfq_lookup_next_entity(struct bfq_sched_data *sd, bool expiration)
{ struct bfq_service_tree *st = sd->service_tree; struct bfq_service_tree *idle_class_st = st + (BFQ_IOPRIO_CLASSES - 1); struct bfq_entity *entity = NULL; int class_idx = 0;
/* * Choose from idle class, if needed to guarantee a minimum * bandwidth to this class (and if there is some active entity * in idle class). This should also mitigate * priority-inversion problems in case a low priority task is * holding file system resources.
*/ if (time_is_before_jiffies(sd->bfq_class_idle_last_service +
BFQ_CL_IDLE_TIMEOUT)) { if (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&idle_class_st->active))
class_idx = BFQ_IOPRIO_CLASSES - 1; /* About to be served if backlogged, or not yet backlogged */
sd->bfq_class_idle_last_service = jiffies;
}
/* * Find the next entity to serve for the highest-priority * class, unless the idle class needs to be served.
*/ for (; class_idx < BFQ_IOPRIO_CLASSES; class_idx++) { /* * If expiration is true, then bfq_lookup_next_entity * is being invoked as a part of the expiration path * of the in-service queue. In this case, even if * sd->in_service_entity is not NULL, * sd->in_service_entity at this point is actually not * in service any more, and, if needed, has already * been properly queued or requeued into the right * tree. The reason why sd->in_service_entity is still * not NULL here, even if expiration is true, is that * sd->in_service_entity is reset as a last step in the * expiration path. So, if expiration is true, tell * __bfq_lookup_next_entity that there is no * sd->in_service_entity.
*/
entity = __bfq_lookup_next_entity(st + class_idx,
sd->in_service_entity &&
!expiration);
/* * Get next queue for service.
*/ struct bfq_queue *bfq_get_next_queue(struct bfq_data *bfqd)
{ struct bfq_entity *entity = NULL; struct bfq_sched_data *sd; struct bfq_queue *bfqq;
if (bfq_tot_busy_queues(bfqd) == 0) return NULL;
/* * Traverse the path from the root to the leaf entity to * serve. Set in service all the entities visited along the * way.
*/
sd = &bfqd->root_group->sched_data; for (; sd ; sd = entity->my_sched_data) { /* * WARNING. We are about to set the in-service entity * to sd->next_in_service, i.e., to the (cached) value * returned by bfq_lookup_next_entity(sd) the last * time it was invoked, i.e., the last time when the * service order in sd changed as a consequence of the * activation or deactivation of an entity. In this * respect, if we execute bfq_lookup_next_entity(sd) * in this very moment, it may, although with low * probability, yield a different entity than that * pointed to by sd->next_in_service. This rare event * happens in case there was no CLASS_IDLE entity to * serve for sd when bfq_lookup_next_entity(sd) was * invoked for the last time, while there is now one * such entity. * * If the above event happens, then the scheduling of * such entity in CLASS_IDLE is postponed until the * service of the sd->next_in_service entity * finishes. In fact, when the latter is expired, * bfq_lookup_next_entity(sd) gets called again, * exactly to update sd->next_in_service.
*/
/* Make next_in_service entity become in_service_entity */
entity = sd->next_in_service;
sd->in_service_entity = entity;
/* * If entity is no longer a candidate for next * service, then it must be extracted from its active * tree, so as to make sure that it won't be * considered when computing next_in_service. See the * comments on the function * bfq_no_longer_next_in_service() for details.
*/ if (bfq_no_longer_next_in_service(entity))
bfq_active_extract(bfq_entity_service_tree(entity),
entity);
/* * Even if entity is not to be extracted according to * the above check, a descendant entity may get * extracted in one of the next iterations of this * loop. Such an event could cause a change in * next_in_service for the level of the descendant * entity, and thus possibly back to this level. * * However, we cannot perform the resulting needed * update of next_in_service for this level before the * end of the whole loop, because, to know which is * the correct next-to-serve candidate entity for each * level, we need first to find the leaf entity to set * in service. In fact, only after we know which is * the next-to-serve leaf entity, we can discover * whether the parent entity of the leaf entity * becomes the next-to-serve, and so on.
*/
}
bfqq = bfq_entity_to_bfqq(entity);
/* * We can finally update all next-to-serve entities along the * path from the leaf entity just set in service to the root.
*/
for_each_entity(entity) { struct bfq_sched_data *sd = entity->sched_data;
if (!bfq_update_next_in_service(sd, NULL, false)) break;
}
/* * When this function is called, all in-service entities have * been properly deactivated or requeued, so we can safely * execute the final step: reset in_service_entity along the * path from entity to the root.
*/
for_each_entity(entity)
entity->sched_data->in_service_entity = NULL;
/* * in_serv_entity is no longer in service, so, if it is in no * service tree either, then release the service reference to * the queue it represents (taken with bfq_get_entity).
*/ if (!in_serv_entity->on_st_or_in_serv) { /* * If no process is referencing in_serv_bfqq any * longer, then the service reference may be the only * reference to the queue. If this is the case, then * bfqq gets freed here.
*/ int ref = in_serv_bfqq->ref;
bfq_put_queue(in_serv_bfqq); if (ref == 1) returntrue;
}
if (entity->in_groups_with_pending_reqs) {
entity->in_groups_with_pending_reqs = false; if (!(--bfqq_group(bfqq)->num_queues_with_pending_reqs))
bfqq->bfqd->num_groups_with_pending_reqs--;
} #endif
}
/* * Called when the bfqq no longer has requests pending, remove it from * the service tree. As a special case, it can be invoked during an * expiration.
*/ void bfq_del_bfqq_busy(struct bfq_queue *bfqq, bool expiration)
{ struct bfq_data *bfqd = bfqq->bfqd;
if (!bfqq->dispatched) {
bfq_del_bfqq_in_groups_with_pending_reqs(bfqq); /* * Next function is invoked last, because it causes bfqq to be * freed. DO NOT use bfqq after the next function invocation.
*/
bfq_weights_tree_remove(bfqq);
}
}
/* * Called when an inactive queue receives a new request.
*/ void bfq_add_bfqq_busy(struct bfq_queue *bfqq)
{ struct bfq_data *bfqd = bfqq->bfqd;
if (!bfqq->dispatched) {
bfq_add_bfqq_in_groups_with_pending_reqs(bfqq); if (bfqq->wr_coeff == 1)
bfq_weights_tree_add(bfqq);
}
if (bfqq->wr_coeff > 1)
bfqd->wr_busy_queues++;
/* Move bfqq to the head of the woken list of its waker */ if (!hlist_unhashed(&bfqq->woken_list_node) &&
&bfqq->woken_list_node != bfqq->waker_bfqq->woken_list.first) {
hlist_del_init(&bfqq->woken_list_node);
hlist_add_head(&bfqq->woken_list_node,
&bfqq->waker_bfqq->woken_list);
}
}
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