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products/sources/formale Sprachen/Java/Openjdk/src/hotspot/share/adlc/ (Sun/Oracle ^©) Datei vom 13.11.2022 mit Größe 143 kB

Quelle formssel.cpp Sprache: C

/*
* Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*
*/

// FORMS.CPP - Definitions for ADL Parser Forms Classes
#include "adlc.hpp"

//==============================Instructions===================================
//------------------------------InstructForm-----------------------------------
InstructForm::InstructForm(const char *id, bool ideal_only)
  : _ident(id), _ideal_only(ideal_only),
    _localNames(cmpstr, hashstr, Form::arena),
    _effects(cmpstr, hashstr, Form::arena),
    _is_mach_constant(false),
    _needs_constant_base(false),
    _has_call(false)
{
      _ftype = Form::INS;

      _matrule              = NULL;
      _insencode            = NULL;
      _constant             = NULL;
      _is_postalloc_expand  = false;
      _opcode               = NULL;
      _size                 = NULL;
      _attribs              = NULL;
      _predicate            = NULL;
      _exprule              = NULL;
      _rewrule              = NULL;
      _format               = NULL;
      _peephole             = NULL;
      _ins_pipe             = NULL;
      _uniq_idx             = NULL;
      _num_uniq             = 0;
      _cisc_spill_operand   = Not_cisc_spillable;// Which operand may cisc-spill
      _cisc_spill_alternate = NULL;            // possible cisc replacement
      _cisc_reg_mask_name   = NULL;
      _is_cisc_alternate    = false;
      _is_short_branch      = false;
      _short_branch_form    = NULL;
      _alignment            = 1;
}

InstructForm::InstructForm(const char *id, InstructForm *instr, MatchRule *rule)
  : _ident(id), _ideal_only(false),
    _localNames(instr->_localNames),
    _effects(instr->_effects),
    _is_mach_constant(instr->_is_mach_constant),
    _needs_constant_base(false),
    _has_call(false)
{
      _ftype = Form::INS;

      _matrule               = rule;
      _insencode             = instr->_insencode;
      _constant              = instr->_constant;
      _is_postalloc_expand   = instr->_is_postalloc_expand;
      _opcode                = instr->_opcode;
      _size                  = instr->_size;
      _attribs               = instr->_attribs;
      _predicate             = instr->_predicate;
      _exprule               = instr->_exprule;
      _rewrule               = instr->_rewrule;
      _format                = instr->_format;
      _peephole              = instr->_peephole;
      _ins_pipe              = instr->_ins_pipe;
      _uniq_idx              = instr->_uniq_idx;
      _num_uniq              = instr->_num_uniq;
      _cisc_spill_operand    = Not_cisc_spillable; // Which operand may cisc-spill
      _cisc_spill_alternate  = NULL;               // possible cisc replacement
      _cisc_reg_mask_name    = NULL;
      _is_cisc_alternate     = false;
      _is_short_branch       = false;
      _short_branch_form     = NULL;
      _alignment             = 1;
     // Copy parameters
     const char *name;
     instr->_parameters.reset();
     for (; (name = instr->_parameters.iter()) != NULL;)
       _parameters.addName(name);
}

InstructForm::~InstructForm() {
}

InstructForm *InstructForm::is_instruction() const {
  return (InstructForm*)this;
}

bool InstructForm::ideal_only() const {
  return _ideal_only;
}

bool InstructForm::sets_result() const {
  return (_matrule != NULL && _matrule->sets_result());
}

bool InstructForm::needs_projections() {
  _components.reset();
  for( Component *comp; (comp = _components.iter()) != NULL; ) {
    if (comp->isa(Component::KILL)) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

bool InstructForm::has_temps() {
  if (_matrule) {
    // Examine each component to see if it is a TEMP
    _components.reset();
    // Skip the first component, if already handled as (SET dst (...))
    Component *comp = NULL;
    if (sets_result())  comp = _components.iter();
    while ((comp = _components.iter()) != NULL) {
      if (comp->isa(Component::TEMP)) {
        return true;
      }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

uint InstructForm::num_defs_or_kills() {
  uint   defs_or_kills = 0;

  _components.reset();
  for( Component *comp; (comp = _components.iter()) != NULL; ) {
    if( comp->isa(Component::DEF) || comp->isa(Component::KILL) ) {
      ++defs_or_kills;
    }
  }

  return  defs_or_kills;
}

// This instruction has an expand rule?
bool InstructForm::expands() const {
  return ( _exprule != NULL );
}

// This instruction has a late expand rule?
bool InstructForm::postalloc_expands() const {
  return _is_postalloc_expand;
}

// This instruction has a peephole rule?
Peephole *InstructForm::peepholes() const {
  return _peephole;
}

// This instruction has a peephole rule?
void InstructForm::append_peephole(Peephole *peephole) {
  if( _peephole == NULL ) {
    _peephole = peephole;
  } else {
    _peephole->append_peephole(peephole);
  }
}

// ideal opcode enumeration
const char *InstructForm::ideal_Opcode( FormDict &globalNames )  const {
  if( !_matrule ) return "Node"; // Something weird
  // Chain rules do not really have ideal Opcodes; use their source
  // operand ideal Opcode instead.
  if( is_simple_chain_rule(globalNames) ) {
    const char *src = _matrule->_rChild->_opType;
    OperandForm *src_op = globalNames[src]->is_operand();
    assert( src_op, "Not operand class of chain rule" );
    if( !src_op->_matrule ) return "Node";
    return src_op->_matrule->_opType;
  }
  // Operand chain rules do not really have ideal Opcodes
  if( _matrule->is_chain_rule(globalNames) )
    return "Node";
  return strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Set")
    ? _matrule->_opType
    : _matrule->_rChild->_opType;
}

// Recursive check on all operands' match rules in my match rule
bool InstructForm::is_pinned(FormDict &globals) {
  if ( ! _matrule)  return false;

  int  index   = 0;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Goto",          index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("If",            index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("CountedLoopEnd",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Return",        index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Rethrow",       index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailCall",      index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailJump",      index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Halt",          index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Jump",          index)) return true;

  return is_parm(globals);
}

// Recursive check on all operands' match rules in my match rule
bool InstructForm::is_projection(FormDict &globals) {
  if ( ! _matrule)  return false;

  int  index   = 0;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Goto",    index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Return",  index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Rethrow", index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailCall",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailJump",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Halt",    index)) return true;

  return false;
}

// Recursive check on all operands' match rules in my match rule
bool InstructForm::is_parm(FormDict &globals) {
  if ( ! _matrule)  return false;

  int  index   = 0;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Parm",index)) return true;

  return false;
}

bool InstructForm::is_ideal_negD() const {
  return (_matrule && _matrule->_rChild && strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType, "NegD") == 0);
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Copy*' node
int InstructForm::is_ideal_copy() const {
  return _matrule ? _matrule->is_ideal_copy() : 0;
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction is too complex to rematerialize.
int InstructForm::is_expensive() const {
  // We can prove it is cheap if it has an empty encoding.
  // This helps with platform-specific nops like ThreadLocal and RoundFloat.
  if (is_empty_encoding())
    return 0;

  if (is_tls_instruction())
    return 1;

  if (_matrule == NULL)  return 0;

  return _matrule->is_expensive();
}

// Has an empty encoding if _size is a constant zero or there
// are no ins_encode tokens.
int InstructForm::is_empty_encoding() const {
  if (_insencode != NULL) {
    _insencode->reset();
    if (_insencode->encode_class_iter() == NULL) {
      return 1;
    }
  }
  if (_size != NULL && strcmp(_size, "0") == 0) {
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

int InstructForm::is_tls_instruction() const {
  if (_ident != NULL &&
      ( ! strcmp( _ident,"tlsLoadP") ||
        ! strncmp(_ident,"tlsLoadP_",9)) ) {
    return 1;
  }

  if (_matrule != NULL && _insencode != NULL) {
    const char* opType = _matrule->_opType;
    if (strcmp(opType, "Set")==0)
      opType = _matrule->_rChild->_opType;
    if (strcmp(opType,"ThreadLocal")==0) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Warning: ThreadLocal instruction %s should be named 'tlsLoadP_*'\n",
              (_ident == NULL ? "NULL" : _ident));
      return 1;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'If' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_if() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_if();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'FastLock' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_fastlock() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_fastlock();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'MemBarXXX' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_membar() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_membar();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'LoadPC' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_loadPC() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_loadPC();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Box' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_box() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_box();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Goto' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_goto() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_goto();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Jump' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_jump() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_jump();
}

// Return 'true' if instruction matches ideal 'If' | 'Goto' | 'CountedLoopEnd'
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_branch() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_ideal_if() || _matrule->is_ideal_goto();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Return' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_return() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  // Check MatchRule to see if the first entry is the ideal "Return" node
  int  index   = 0;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Return",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("Rethrow",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailCall",index)) return true;
  if (_matrule->find_type("TailJump",index)) return true;

  return false;
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Halt' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_halt() const {
  int  index   = 0;
  return _matrule && _matrule->find_type("Halt",index);
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'SafePoint' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_safepoint() const {
  int  index   = 0;
  return _matrule && _matrule->find_type("SafePoint",index);
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Nop' node
bool InstructForm::is_ideal_nop() const {
  return _ident && _ident[0] == 'N' && _ident[1] == 'o' && _ident[2] == 'p' && _ident[3] == '_';
}

bool InstructForm::is_ideal_control() const {
  if ( ! _matrule)  return false;

  return is_ideal_return() || is_ideal_branch() || _matrule->is_ideal_jump() || is_ideal_halt();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Call' node
Form::CallType InstructForm::is_ideal_call() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return Form::invalid_type;

  // Check MatchRule to see if the first entry is the ideal "Call" node
  int  idx   = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallStaticJava",idx))   return Form::JAVA_STATIC;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("Lock",idx))             return Form::JAVA_STATIC;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("Unlock",idx))           return Form::JAVA_STATIC;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallDynamicJava",idx))  return Form::JAVA_DYNAMIC;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallRuntime",idx))      return Form::JAVA_RUNTIME;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallLeaf",idx))         return Form::JAVA_LEAF;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallLeafNoFP",idx))     return Form::JAVA_LEAF;
  idx = 0;
  if(_matrule->find_type("CallLeafVector",idx))   return Form::JAVA_LEAF;
  idx = 0;

  return Form::invalid_type;
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Load?' node
Form::DataType InstructForm::is_ideal_load() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return Form::none;

  return  _matrule->is_ideal_load();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'LoadKlass' node
bool InstructForm::skip_antidep_check() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return  _matrule->skip_antidep_check();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal 'Load?' node
Form::DataType InstructForm::is_ideal_store() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return Form::none;

  return  _matrule->is_ideal_store();
}

// Return 'true' if this instruction matches an ideal vector node
bool InstructForm::is_vector() const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return false;

  return _matrule->is_vector();
}

// Return the input register that must match the output register
// If this is not required, return 0
uint InstructForm::two_address(FormDict &globals) {
  uint  matching_input = 0;
  if(_components.count() == 0) return 0;

  _components.reset();
  Component *comp = _components.iter();
  // Check if there is a DEF
  if( comp->isa(Component::DEF) ) {
    // Check that this is a register
    const char  *def_type = comp->_type;
    const Form  *form     = globals[def_type];
    OperandForm *op       = form->is_operand();
    if( op ) {
      if( op->constrained_reg_class() != NULL &&
          op->interface_type(globals) == Form::register_interface ) {
        // Remember the local name for equality test later
        const char *def_name = comp->_name;
        // Check if a component has the same name and is a USE
        do {
          if( comp->isa(Component::USE) && strcmp(comp->_name,def_name)==0 ) {
            return operand_position_format(def_name);
          }
        } while( (comp = _components.iter()) != NULL);
      }
    }
  }

  return 0;
}

// when chaining a constant to an instruction, returns 'true' and sets opType
Form::DataType InstructForm::is_chain_of_constant(FormDict &globals) {
  const char *dummy  = NULL;
  const char *dummy2 = NULL;
  return is_chain_of_constant(globals, dummy, dummy2);
}
Form::DataType InstructForm::is_chain_of_constant(FormDict &globals,
                const char * &opTypeParam) {
  const char *result = NULL;

  return is_chain_of_constant(globals, opTypeParam, result);
}

Form::DataType InstructForm::is_chain_of_constant(FormDict &globals,
                const char * &opTypeParam, const char * &resultParam) {
  Form::DataType  data_type = Form::none;
  if ( ! _matrule)  return data_type;

  // !!!!!
  // The source of the chain rule is 'position = 1'
  uint         position = 1;
  const char  *result   = NULL;
  const char  *name     = NULL;
  const char  *opType   = NULL;
  // Here base_operand is looking for an ideal type to be returned (opType).
  if ( _matrule->is_chain_rule(globals)
       && _matrule->base_operand(position, globals, result, name, opType) ) {
    data_type = ideal_to_const_type(opType);

    // if it isn't an ideal constant type, just return
    if ( data_type == Form::none ) return data_type;

    // Ideal constant types also adjust the opType parameter.
    resultParam = result;
    opTypeParam = opType;
    return data_type;
  }

  return data_type;
}

// Check if a simple chain rule
bool InstructForm::is_simple_chain_rule(FormDict &globals) const {
  if( _matrule && _matrule->sets_result()
      && _matrule->_rChild->_lChild == NULL
      && globals[_matrule->_rChild->_opType]
      && globals[_matrule->_rChild->_opType]->is_opclass() ) {
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// check for structural rematerialization
bool InstructForm::rematerialize(FormDict &globals, RegisterForm *registers ) {
  bool   rematerialize = false;

  Form::DataType data_type = is_chain_of_constant(globals);
  if( data_type != Form::none )
    rematerialize = true;

  // Constants
  if( _components.count() == 1 && _components[0]->is(Component::USE_DEF) )
    rematerialize = true;

  // Pseudo-constants (values easily available to the runtime)
  if (is_empty_encoding() && is_tls_instruction())
    rematerialize = true;

  // 1-input, 1-output, such as copies or increments.
  if( _components.count() == 2 &&
      _components[0]->is(Component::DEF) &&
      _components[1]->isa(Component::USE) )
    rematerialize = true;

  // Check for an ideal 'Load?' and eliminate rematerialize option
  if ( is_ideal_load() != Form::none || // Ideal load?  Do not rematerialize
       is_ideal_copy() != Form::none || // Ideal copy?  Do not rematerialize
       is_expensive()  != Form::none) { // Expensive?   Do not rematerialize
    rematerialize = false;
  }

  // Always rematerialize the flags.  They are more expensive to save &
  // restore than to recompute (and possibly spill the compare's inputs).
  if( _components.count() >= 1 ) {
    Component *c = _components[0];
    const Form *form = globals[c->_type];
    OperandForm *opform = form->is_operand();
    if( opform ) {
      // Avoid the special stack_slots register classes
      const char *rc_name = opform->constrained_reg_class();
      if( rc_name ) {
        if( strcmp(rc_name,"stack_slots") ) {
          // Check for ideal_type of RegFlags
          const char *type = opform->ideal_type( globals, registers );
          if( (type != NULL) && !strcmp(type, "RegFlags") )
            rematerialize = true;
        } else
          rematerialize = false; // Do not rematerialize things target stk
      }
    }
  }

  return rematerialize;
}

// loads from memory, so must check for anti-dependence
bool InstructForm::needs_anti_dependence_check(FormDict &globals) const {
  if ( skip_antidep_check() ) return false;

  // Machine independent loads must be checked for anti-dependences
  if( is_ideal_load() != Form::none )  return true;

  // !!!!! !!!!! !!!!!
  // TEMPORARY
  // if( is_simple_chain_rule(globals) )  return false;

  // String.(compareTo/equals/indexOf) and Arrays.equals use many memorys edges,
  // but writes none
  if( _matrule && _matrule->_rChild &&
      ( strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrComp"    )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrEquals"  )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrIndexOf" )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrIndexOfChar" )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CountPositives" )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"AryEq"      )==0 ))
    return true;

  // Check if instruction has a USE of a memory operand class, but no defs
  bool USE_of_memory  = false;
  bool DEF_of_memory  = false;
  Component     *comp = NULL;
  ComponentList &components = (ComponentList &)_components;

  components.reset();
  while( (comp = components.iter()) != NULL ) {
    const Form  *form = globals[comp->_type];
    if( !form ) continue;
    OpClassForm *op   = form->is_opclass();
    if( !op ) continue;
    if( form->interface_type(globals) == Form::memory_interface ) {
      if( comp->isa(Component::USE) ) USE_of_memory = true;
      if( comp->isa(Component::DEF) ) {
        OperandForm *oper = form->is_operand();
        if( oper && oper->is_user_name_for_sReg() ) {
          // Stack slots are unaliased memory handled by allocator
          oper = oper;  // debug stopping point !!!!!
        } else {
          DEF_of_memory = true;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return (USE_of_memory && !DEF_of_memory);
}

int InstructForm::memory_operand(FormDict &globals) const {
  // Machine independent loads must be checked for anti-dependences
  // Check if instruction has a USE of a memory operand class, or a def.
  int USE_of_memory  = 0;
  int DEF_of_memory  = 0;
  const char*    last_memory_DEF = NULL; // to test DEF/USE pairing in asserts
  const char*    last_memory_USE = NULL;
  Component     *unique          = NULL;
  Component     *comp            = NULL;
  ComponentList &components      = (ComponentList &)_components;

  components.reset();
  while( (comp = components.iter()) != NULL ) {
    const Form  *form = globals[comp->_type];
    if( !form ) continue;
    OpClassForm *op   = form->is_opclass();
    if( !op ) continue;
    if( op->stack_slots_only(globals) )  continue;
    if( form->interface_type(globals) == Form::memory_interface ) {
      if( comp->isa(Component::DEF) ) {
        last_memory_DEF = comp->_name;
        DEF_of_memory++;
        unique = comp;
      } else if( comp->isa(Component::USE) ) {
        if( last_memory_DEF != NULL ) {
          assert(0 == strcmp(last_memory_DEF, comp->_name), "every memory DEF is followed by a USE of the same name");
          last_memory_DEF = NULL;
        }
        // Handles same memory being used multiple times in the case of BMI1 instructions.
        if (last_memory_USE != NULL) {
          if (strcmp(comp->_name, last_memory_USE) != 0) {
            USE_of_memory++;
          }
        } else {
          USE_of_memory++;
        }
        last_memory_USE = comp->_name;

        if (DEF_of_memory == 0)  // defs take precedence
          unique = comp;
      } else {
        assert(last_memory_DEF == NULL, "unpaired memory DEF");
      }
    }
  }
  assert(last_memory_DEF == NULL, "unpaired memory DEF");
  assert(USE_of_memory >= DEF_of_memory, "unpaired memory DEF");
  USE_of_memory -= DEF_of_memory;   // treat paired DEF/USE as one occurrence
  if( (USE_of_memory + DEF_of_memory) > 0 ) {
    if( is_simple_chain_rule(globals) ) {
      //fprintf(stderr, "Warning: chain rule is not really a memory user.\n");
      //((InstructForm*)this)->dump();
      // Preceding code prints nothing on sparc and these insns on intel:
      // leaP8 leaP32 leaPIdxOff leaPIdxScale leaPIdxScaleOff leaP8 leaP32
      // leaPIdxOff leaPIdxScale leaPIdxScaleOff
      return NO_MEMORY_OPERAND;
    }

    if( DEF_of_memory == 1 ) {
      assert(unique != NULL, "");
      if( USE_of_memory == 0 ) {
        // unique def, no uses
      } else {
        // // unique def, some uses
        // // must return bottom unless all uses match def
        // unique = NULL;
#ifdef S390
        // This case is important for move instructions on s390x.
        // On other platforms (e.g. x86), all uses always match the def.
        unique = NULL;
#endif
      }
    } else if( DEF_of_memory > 0 ) {
      // multiple defs, don't care about uses
      unique = NULL;
    } else if( USE_of_memory == 1) {
      // unique use, no defs
      assert(unique != NULL, "");
    } else if( USE_of_memory > 0 ) {
      // multiple uses, no defs
      unique = NULL;
    } else {
      assert(false, "bad case analysis");
    }
    // process the unique DEF or USE, if there is one
    if( unique == NULL ) {
      return MANY_MEMORY_OPERANDS;
    } else {
      int pos = components.operand_position(unique->_name);
      if( unique->isa(Component::DEF) ) {
        pos += 1;                // get corresponding USE from DEF
      }
      assert(pos >= 1, "I was just looking at it!");
      return pos;
    }
  }

  // missed the memory op??
  if( true ) {  // %%% should not be necessary
    if( is_ideal_store() != Form::none ) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Warning: cannot find memory opnd in instr.\n");
      ((InstructForm*)this)->dump();
      // pretend it has multiple defs and uses
      return MANY_MEMORY_OPERANDS;
    }
    if( is_ideal_load()  != Form::none ) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Warning: cannot find memory opnd in instr.\n");
      ((InstructForm*)this)->dump();
      // pretend it has multiple uses and no defs
      return MANY_MEMORY_OPERANDS;
    }
  }

  return NO_MEMORY_OPERAND;
}

// This instruction captures the machine-independent bottom_type
// Expected use is for pointer vs oop determination for LoadP
bool InstructForm::captures_bottom_type(FormDict &globals) const {
  if (_matrule && _matrule->_rChild &&
      (!strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastPP")       ||  // new result type
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastDD")       ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastFF")       ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastII")       ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastLL")       ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastVV")       ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CastX2P")      ||  // new result type
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"DecodeN")      ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"EncodeP")      ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"DecodeNKlass") ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"EncodePKlass") ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"LoadN")        ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"LoadNKlass")   ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CreateEx")     ||  // type of exception
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CheckCastPP")  ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"GetAndSetP")   ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"GetAndSetN")   ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"RotateLeft")   ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"RotateRight")   ||
#if INCLUDE_SHENANDOAHGC
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"ShenandoahCompareAndExchangeP") ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"ShenandoahCompareAndExchangeN") ||
#endif
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrInflatedCopy") ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"VectorCmpMasked")||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"VectorMaskGen")||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CompareAndExchangeP") ||
       !strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CompareAndExchangeN"))) return true;
  else if ( is_ideal_load() == Form::idealP )                return true;
  else if ( is_ideal_store() != Form::none  )                return true;

  if (needs_base_oop_edge(globals)) return true;

  if (is_vector()) return true;
  if (is_mach_constant()) return true;

  return  false;
}

// Access instr_cost attribute or return NULL.
const char* InstructForm::cost() {
  for (Attribute* cur = _attribs; cur != NULL; cur = (Attribute*)cur->_next) {
    if( strcmp(cur->_ident,AttributeForm::_ins_cost) == 0 ) {
      return cur->_val;
    }
  }
  return NULL;
}

// Return count of top-level operands.
uint InstructForm::num_opnds() {
  int  num_opnds = _components.num_operands();

  // Need special handling for matching some ideal nodes
  // i.e. Matching a return node
  /*
  if( _matrule ) {
    if( strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Return"   )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Halt"     )==0 )
      return 3;
  }
    */
  return num_opnds;
}

const char* InstructForm::opnd_ident(int idx) {
  return _components.at(idx)->_name;
}

const char* InstructForm::unique_opnd_ident(uint idx) {
  uint i;
  for (i = 1; i < num_opnds(); ++i) {
    if (unique_opnds_idx(i) == idx) {
      break;
    }
  }
  return (_components.at(i) != NULL) ? _components.at(i)->_name : "";
}

// Return count of unmatched operands.
uint InstructForm::num_post_match_opnds() {
  uint  num_post_match_opnds = _components.count();
  uint  num_match_opnds = _components.match_count();
  num_post_match_opnds = num_post_match_opnds - num_match_opnds;

  return num_post_match_opnds;
}

// Return the number of leaves below this complex operand
uint InstructForm::num_consts(FormDict &globals) const {
  if ( ! _matrule) return 0;

  // This is a recursive invocation on all operands in the matchrule
  return _matrule->num_consts(globals);
}

// Constants in match rule with specified type
uint InstructForm::num_consts(FormDict &globals, Form::DataType type) const {
  if ( ! _matrule) return 0;

  // This is a recursive invocation on all operands in the matchrule
  return _matrule->num_consts(globals, type);
}

// Return the register class associated with 'leaf'.
const char *InstructForm::out_reg_class(FormDict &globals) {
  assert( false, "InstructForm::out_reg_class(FormDict &globals); Not Implemented");

  return NULL;
}

// Lookup the starting position of inputs we are interested in wrt. ideal nodes
uint InstructForm::oper_input_base(FormDict &globals) {
  if( !_matrule ) return 1;     // Skip control for most nodes

  // Need special handling for matching some ideal nodes
  // i.e. Matching a return node
  if( strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Return"    )==0 ||
      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Rethrow"   )==0 ||
      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"TailCall"  )==0 ||
      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"TailJump"  )==0 ||
      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"SafePoint" )==0 ||
      strcmp(_matrule->_opType,"Halt"      )==0 )
    return AdlcVMDeps::Parms;   // Skip the machine-state edges

  if( _matrule->_rChild &&
      ( strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"AryEq"     )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrComp"   )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrEquals" )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrInflatedCopy"   )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrCompressedCopy" )==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrIndexOf")==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"StrIndexOfChar")==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"CountPositives")==0 ||
        strcmp(_matrule->_rChild->_opType,"EncodeISOArray")==0)) {
        // String.(compareTo/equals/indexOf) and Arrays.equals
        // and sun.nio.cs.iso8859_1$Encoder.EncodeISOArray
        // take 1 control and 1 memory edges.
        // Also String.(compressedCopy/inflatedCopy).
    return 2;
  }

  // Check for handling of 'Memory' input/edge in the ideal world.
  // The AD file writer is shielded from knowledge of these edges.
  int base = 1;                 // Skip control
  base += _matrule->needs_ideal_memory_edge(globals);

  // Also skip the base-oop value for uses of derived oops.
  // The AD file writer is shielded from knowledge of these edges.
  base += needs_base_oop_edge(globals);

  return base;
}

// This function determines the order of the MachOper in _opnds[]
// by writing the operand names into the _components list.
//
// Implementation does not modify state of internal structures
void InstructForm::build_components() {
  // Add top-level operands to the components
  if (_matrule)  _matrule->append_components(_localNames, _components);

  // Add parameters that "do not appear in match rule".
  bool has_temp = false;
  const char *name;
  const char *kill_name = NULL;
  for (_parameters.reset(); (name = _parameters.iter()) != NULL;) {
    OpClassForm *opForm = _localNames[name]->is_opclass();
    assert(opForm != NULL, "sanity");

    Effect* e = NULL;
    {
      const Form* form = _effects[name];
      e = form ? form->is_effect() : NULL;
    }

    if (e != NULL) {
      has_temp |= e->is(Component::TEMP);

      // KILLs must be declared after any TEMPs because TEMPs are real
      // uses so their operand numbering must directly follow the real
      // inputs from the match rule.  Fixing the numbering seems
      // complex so simply enforce the restriction during parse.
      if (kill_name != NULL &&
          e->isa(Component::TEMP) && !e->isa(Component::DEF)) {
        OpClassForm* kill = _localNames[kill_name]->is_opclass();
        assert(kill != NULL, "sanity");
        globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "%s: %s %s must be at the end of the argument list\n",
                             _ident, kill->_ident, kill_name);
      } else if (e->isa(Component::KILL) && !e->isa(Component::USE)) {
        kill_name = name;
      }
    }

    const Component *component  = _components.search(name);
    if ( component  == NULL ) {
      if (e) {
        _components.insert(name, opForm->_ident, e->_use_def, false);
        component = _components.search(name);
        if (component->isa(Component::USE) && !component->isa(Component::TEMP) && _matrule) {
          const Form *form = globalAD->globalNames()[component->_type];
          assert( form, "component type must be a defined form");
          OperandForm *op   = form->is_operand();
          if (op->_interface && op->_interface->is_RegInterface()) {
            globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "%s: illegal USE of non-input: %s %s\n",
                                 _ident, opForm->_ident, name);
          }
        }
      } else {
        // This would be a nice warning but it triggers in a few places in a benign way
        // if (_matrule != NULL && !expands()) {
        //   globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "%s: %s %s not mentioned in effect or match rule\n",
        //                        _ident, opForm->_ident, name);
        // }
        _components.insert(name, opForm->_ident, Component::INVALID, false);
      }
    }
    else if (e) {
      // Component was found in the list
      // Check if there is a new effect that requires an extra component.
      // This happens when adding 'USE' to a component that is not yet one.
      if ((!component->isa( Component::USE) && ((e->_use_def & Component::USE) != 0))) {
        if (component->isa(Component::USE) && _matrule) {
          const Form *form = globalAD->globalNames()[component->_type];
          assert( form, "component type must be a defined form");
          OperandForm *op   = form->is_operand();
          if (op->_interface && op->_interface->is_RegInterface()) {
            globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "%s: illegal USE of non-input: %s %s\n",
                                 _ident, opForm->_ident, name);
          }
        }
        _components.insert(name, opForm->_ident, e->_use_def, false);
      } else {
        Component  *comp = (Component*)component;
        comp->promote_use_def_info(e->_use_def);
      }
      // Component positions are zero based.
      int  pos  = _components.operand_position(name);
      assert( ! (component->isa(Component::DEF) && (pos >= 1)),
              "Component::DEF can only occur in the first position");
    }
  }

  // Resolving the interactions between expand rules and TEMPs would
  // be complex so simply disallow it.
  if (_matrule == NULL && has_temp) {
    globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "%s: TEMPs without match rule isn't supported\n", _ident);
  }

  return;
}

// Return zero-based position in component list;  -1 if not in list.
int   InstructForm::operand_position(const char *name, int usedef) {
  return unique_opnds_idx(_components.operand_position(name, usedef, this));
}

int   InstructForm::operand_position_format(const char *name) {
  return unique_opnds_idx(_components.operand_position_format(name, this));
}

// Return zero-based position in component list; -1 if not in list.
int   InstructForm::label_position() {
  return unique_opnds_idx(_components.label_position());
}

int   InstructForm::method_position() {
  return unique_opnds_idx(_components.method_position());
}

// Return number of relocation entries needed for this instruction.
uint  InstructForm::reloc(FormDict &globals) {
  uint reloc_entries  = 0;
  // Check for "Call" nodes
  if ( is_ideal_call() )      ++reloc_entries;
  if ( is_ideal_return() )    ++reloc_entries;
  if ( is_ideal_safepoint() ) ++reloc_entries;

  // Check if operands MAYBE oop pointers, by checking for ConP elements
  // Proceed through the leaves of the match-tree and check for ConPs
  if ( _matrule != NULL ) {
    uint         position = 0;
    const char  *result   = NULL;
    const char  *name     = NULL;
    const char  *opType   = NULL;
    while (_matrule->base_operand(position, globals, result, name, opType)) {
      if ( strcmp(opType,"ConP") == 0 ) {
        ++reloc_entries;
      }
      ++position;
    }
  }

  // Above is only a conservative estimate
  // because it did not check contents of operand classes.
  // !!!!! !!!!!
  // Add 1 to reloc info for each operand class in the component list.
  Component  *comp;
  _components.reset();
  while ( (comp = _components.iter()) != NULL ) {
    const Form        *form = globals[comp->_type];
    assert( form, "Did not find component's type in global names");
    const OpClassForm *opc  = form->is_opclass();
    const OperandForm *oper = form->is_operand();
    if ( opc && (oper == NULL) ) {
      ++reloc_entries;
    } else if ( oper ) {
      // floats and doubles loaded out of method's constant pool require reloc info
      Form::DataType type = oper->is_base_constant(globals);
      if ( (type == Form::idealF) || (type == Form::idealD) ) {
        ++reloc_entries;
      }
    }
  }

  // Float and Double constants may come from the CodeBuffer table
  // and require relocatable addresses for access
  // !!!!!
  // Check for any component being an immediate float or double.
  Form::DataType data_type = is_chain_of_constant(globals);
  if( data_type==idealD || data_type==idealF ) {
    reloc_entries++;
  }

  return reloc_entries;
}

// Utility function defined in archDesc.cpp
extern bool is_def(int usedef);

// Return the result of reducing an instruction
const char *InstructForm::reduce_result() {
  const char* result = "Universe";  // default
  _components.reset();
  Component *comp = _components.iter();
  if (comp != NULL && comp->isa(Component::DEF)) {
    result = comp->_type;
    // Override this if the rule is a store operation:
    if (_matrule && _matrule->_rChild &&
        is_store_to_memory(_matrule->_rChild->_opType))
      result = "Universe";
  }
  return result;
}

// Return the name of the operand on the right hand side of the binary match
// Return NULL if there is no right hand side
const char *InstructForm::reduce_right(FormDict &globals)  const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return NULL;
  return  _matrule->reduce_right(globals);
}

// Similar for left
const char *InstructForm::reduce_left(FormDict &globals)   const {
  if( _matrule == NULL ) return NULL;
  return  _matrule->reduce_left(globals);
}

// Base class for this instruction, MachNode except for calls
const char *InstructForm::mach_base_class(FormDict &globals)  const {
  if( is_ideal_call() == Form::JAVA_STATIC ) {
    return "MachCallStaticJavaNode";
  }
  else if( is_ideal_call() == Form::JAVA_DYNAMIC ) {
    return "MachCallDynamicJavaNode";
  }
  else if( is_ideal_call() == Form::JAVA_RUNTIME ) {
    return "MachCallRuntimeNode";
  }
  else if( is_ideal_call() == Form::JAVA_LEAF ) {
    return "MachCallLeafNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_return()) {
    return "MachReturnNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_halt()) {
    return "MachHaltNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_safepoint()) {
    return "MachSafePointNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_if()) {
    return "MachIfNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_goto()) {
    return "MachGotoNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_fastlock()) {
    return "MachFastLockNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_nop()) {
    return "MachNopNode";
  }
  else if( is_ideal_membar()) {
    return "MachMemBarNode";
  }
  else if (is_ideal_jump()) {
    return "MachJumpNode";
  }
  else if (is_mach_constant()) {
    return "MachConstantNode";
  }
  else if (captures_bottom_type(globals)) {
    return "MachTypeNode";
  } else {
    return "MachNode";
  }
  assert( false, "ShouldNotReachHere()");
  return NULL;
}

// Compare the instruction predicates for textual equality
bool equivalent_predicates( const InstructForm *instr1, const InstructForm *instr2 ) {
  const Predicate *pred1  = instr1->_predicate;
  const Predicate *pred2  = instr2->_predicate;
  if( pred1 == NULL && pred2 == NULL ) {
    // no predicates means they are identical
    return true;
  }
  if( pred1 != NULL && pred2 != NULL ) {
    // compare the predicates
    if (ADLParser::equivalent_expressions(pred1->_pred, pred2->_pred)) {
      return true;
    }
  }

  return false;
}

// Check if this instruction can cisc-spill to 'alternate'
bool InstructForm::cisc_spills_to(ArchDesc &AD, InstructForm *instr) {
  assert( _matrule != NULL && instr->_matrule != NULL, "must have match rules");
  // Do not replace if a cisc-version has been found.
  if( cisc_spill_operand() != Not_cisc_spillable ) return false;

  int         cisc_spill_operand = Maybe_cisc_spillable;
  char       *result             = NULL;
  char       *result2            = NULL;
  const char *op_name            = NULL;
  const char *reg_type           = NULL;
  FormDict   &globals            = AD.globalNames();
  cisc_spill_operand = _matrule->matchrule_cisc_spill_match(globals, AD.get_registers(), instr->_matrule, op_name, reg_type);
  if( (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable) && (op_name != NULL) && equivalent_predicates(this, instr) ) {
    cisc_spill_operand = operand_position(op_name, Component::USE);
    int def_oper  = operand_position(op_name, Component::DEF);
    if( def_oper == NameList::Not_in_list && instr->num_opnds() == num_opnds()) {
      // Do not support cisc-spilling for destination operands and
      // make sure they have the same number of operands.
      _cisc_spill_alternate = instr;
      instr->set_cisc_alternate(true);
      if( AD._cisc_spill_debug ) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Instruction %s cisc-spills-to %s\n", _ident, instr->_ident);
        fprintf(stderr, " using operand %s %s at index %d\n", reg_type, op_name, cisc_spill_operand);
      }
      // Record that a stack-version of the reg_mask is needed
      // !!!!!
      OperandForm *oper = (OperandForm*)(globals[reg_type]->is_operand());
      assert( oper != NULL, "cisc-spilling non operand");
      const char *reg_class_name = oper->constrained_reg_class();
      AD.set_stack_or_reg(reg_class_name);
      const char *reg_mask_name  = AD.reg_mask(*oper);
      set_cisc_reg_mask_name(reg_mask_name);
      const char *stack_or_reg_mask_name = AD.stack_or_reg_mask(*oper);
    } else {
      cisc_spill_operand = Not_cisc_spillable;
    }
  } else {
    cisc_spill_operand = Not_cisc_spillable;
  }

  set_cisc_spill_operand(cisc_spill_operand);
  return (cisc_spill_operand != Not_cisc_spillable);
}

// Check to see if this instruction can be replaced with the short branch
// instruction `short-branch'
bool InstructForm::check_branch_variant(ArchDesc &AD, InstructForm *short_branch) {
  if (_matrule != NULL &&
      this != short_branch &&   // Don't match myself
      !is_short_branch() &&     // Don't match another short branch variant
      reduce_result() != NULL &&
      strstr(_ident, "restoreMask") == NULL && // Don't match side effects
      strcmp(reduce_result(), short_branch->reduce_result()) == 0 &&
      _matrule->equivalent(AD.globalNames(), short_branch->_matrule)) {
    // The instructions are equivalent.

    // Now verify that both instructions have the same parameters and
    // the same effects. Both branch forms should have the same inputs
    // and resulting projections to correctly replace a long branch node
    // with corresponding short branch node during code generation.

    bool different = false;
    if (short_branch->_components.count() != _components.count()) {
       different = true;
    } else if (_components.count() > 0) {
      short_branch->_components.reset();
      _components.reset();
      Component *comp;
      while ((comp = _components.iter()) != NULL) {
        Component *short_comp = short_branch->_components.iter();
        if (short_comp == NULL ||
            short_comp->_type != comp->_type ||
            short_comp->_usedef != comp->_usedef) {
          different = true;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (short_branch->_components.iter() != NULL)
        different = true;
    }
    if (different) {
      globalAD->syntax_err(short_branch->_linenum, "Instruction %s and its short form %s have different parameters\n", _ident, short_branch->_ident);
    }
    if (AD._adl_debug > 1 || AD._short_branch_debug) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Instruction %s has short form %s\n", _ident, short_branch->_ident);
    }
    _short_branch_form = short_branch;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// --------------------------- FILE *output_routines
//
// Generate the format call for the replacement variable
void InstructForm::rep_var_format(FILE *fp, const char *rep_var) {
  // Handle special constant table variables.
  if (strcmp(rep_var, "constanttablebase") == 0) {
    fprintf(fp, "char reg[128]; ra->dump_register(in(mach_constant_base_node_input()), reg);\n");
    fprintf(fp, " st->print(\"%%s\", reg);\n");
    return;
  }
  if (strcmp(rep_var, "constantoffset") == 0) {
    fprintf(fp, "st->print(\"#%%d\", constant_offset_unchecked());\n");
    return;
  }
  if (strcmp(rep_var, "constantaddress") == 0) {
    fprintf(fp, "st->print(\"constant table base + #%%d\", constant_offset_unchecked());\n");
    return;
  }

  // Find replacement variable's type
  const Form *form   = _localNames[rep_var];
  if (form == NULL) {
    globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "Unknown replacement variable %s in format statement of %s.",
                         rep_var, _ident);
    return;
  }
  OpClassForm *opc   = form->is_opclass();
  assert( opc, "replacement variable was not found in local names");
  // Lookup the index position of the replacement variable
  int idx  = operand_position_format(rep_var);
  if ( idx == -1 ) {
    globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "Could not find replacement variable %s in format statement of %s.\n",
                         rep_var, _ident);
    assert(strcmp(opc->_ident, "label") == 0, "Unimplemented");
    return;
  }

  if (is_noninput_operand(idx)) {
    // This component isn't in the input array.  Print out the static
    // name of the register.
    OperandForm* oper = form->is_operand();
    if (oper != NULL && oper->is_bound_register()) {
      const RegDef* first = oper->get_RegClass()->find_first_elem();
      fprintf(fp, " st->print_raw(\"%s\");\n", first->_regname);
    } else {
      globalAD->syntax_err(_linenum, "In %s can't find format for %s %s", _ident, opc->_ident, rep_var);
    }
  } else {
    // Output the format call for this operand
    fprintf(fp,"opnd_array(%d)->",idx);
    if (idx == 0)
      fprintf(fp,"int_format(ra, this, st); // %s\n", rep_var);
    else
      fprintf(fp,"ext_format(ra, this,idx%d, st); // %s\n", idx, rep_var );
  }
}

// Search through operands to determine parameters unique positions.
void InstructForm::set_unique_opnds() {
  uint* uniq_idx = NULL;
  uint  nopnds = num_opnds();
  uint  num_uniq = nopnds;
  uint i;
  _uniq_idx_length = 0;
  if (nopnds > 0) {
    // Allocate index array.  Worst case we're mapping from each
    // component back to an index and any DEF always goes at 0 so the
    // length of the array has to be the number of components + 1.
    _uniq_idx_length = _components.count() + 1;
    uniq_idx = (uint*) AdlAllocateHeap(sizeof(uint) * _uniq_idx_length);
    for (i = 0; i < _uniq_idx_length; i++) {
      uniq_idx[i] = i;
    }
  }
  // Do it only if there is a match rule and no expand rule.  With an
  // expand rule it is done by creating new mach node in Expand()
  // method.
  if (nopnds > 0 && _matrule != NULL && _exprule == NULL) {
    const char *name;
    uint count;
    bool has_dupl_use = false;

    _parameters.reset();
    while ((name = _parameters.iter()) != NULL) {
      count = 0;
      uint position = 0;
      uint uniq_position = 0;
      _components.reset();
      Component *comp = NULL;
      if (sets_result()) {
        comp = _components.iter();
        position++;
      }
      // The next code is copied from the method operand_position().
      for (; (comp = _components.iter()) != NULL; ++position) {
        // When the first component is not a DEF,
        // leave space for the result operand!
        if (position==0 && (!comp->isa(Component::DEF))) {
          ++position;
        }
        if (strcmp(name, comp->_name) == 0) {
          if (++count > 1) {
            assert(position < _uniq_idx_length, "out of bounds");
            uniq_idx[position] = uniq_position;
            has_dupl_use = true;
          } else {
            uniq_position = position;
          }
        }
        if (comp->isa(Component::DEF) && comp->isa(Component::USE)) {
          ++position;
          if (position != 1)
            --position;   // only use two slots for the 1st USE_DEF
        }
      }
    }
    if (has_dupl_use) {
      for (i = 1; i < nopnds; i++) {
        if (i != uniq_idx[i]) {
          break;
        }
      }
      uint j = i;
      for (; i < nopnds; i++) {
        if (i == uniq_idx[i]) {
          uniq_idx[i] = j++;
        }
      }
      num_uniq = j;
    }
  }
  _uniq_idx = uniq_idx;
  _num_uniq = num_uniq;
}

// Generate index values needed for determining the operand position
void InstructForm::index_temps(FILE *fp, FormDict &globals, const char *prefix, const char *receiver) {
  uint  idx = 0;                  // position of operand in match rule
  int   cur_num_opnds = num_opnds();

  // Compute the index into vector of operand pointers:
  // idx0=0 is used to indicate that info comes from this same node, not from input edge.
  // idx1 starts at oper_input_base()
  if ( cur_num_opnds >= 1 ) {
    fprintf(fp," // Start at oper_input_base() and count operands\n");
    fprintf(fp," unsigned %sidx0 = %d;\n", prefix, oper_input_base(globals));
    fprintf(fp," unsigned %sidx1 = %d;", prefix, oper_input_base(globals));
    fprintf(fp," \t// %s\n", unique_opnd_ident(1));

    // Generate starting points for other unique operands if they exist
    for ( idx = 2; idx < num_unique_opnds(); ++idx ) {
      if( *receiver == 0 ) {
        fprintf(fp," unsigned %sidx%d = %sidx%d + opnd_array(%d)->num_edges();",
                prefix, idx, prefix, idx-1, idx-1 );
      } else {
        fprintf(fp," unsigned %sidx%d = %sidx%d + %s_opnds[%d]->num_edges();",
                prefix, idx, prefix, idx-1, receiver, idx-1 );
      }
      fprintf(fp," \t// %s\n", unique_opnd_ident(idx));
    }
  }
  if( *receiver != 0 ) {
    // This value is used by generate_peepreplace when copying a node.
    // Don't emit it in other cases since it can hide bugs with the
    // use invalid idx's.
    fprintf(fp," unsigned %sidx%d = %sreq(); \n", prefix, idx, receiver);
  }

}

// ---------------------------
bool InstructForm::verify() {
  // !!!!! !!!!!
  // Check that a "label" operand occurs last in the operand list, if present
  return true;
}

void InstructForm::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

void InstructForm::output(FILE *fp) {
  fprintf(fp,"\nInstruction: %s\n", (_ident?_ident:""));
  if (_matrule)   _matrule->output(fp);
  if (_insencode) _insencode->output(fp);
  if (_constant)  _constant->output(fp);
  if (_opcode)    _opcode->output(fp);
  if (_attribs)   _attribs->output(fp);
  if (_predicate) _predicate->output(fp);
  if (_effects.Size()) {
    fprintf(fp,"Effects\n");
    _effects.dump();
  }
  if (_exprule)   _exprule->output(fp);
  if (_rewrule)   _rewrule->output(fp);
  if (_format)    _format->output(fp);
  if (_peephole)  _peephole->output(fp);
}

void MachNodeForm::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

void MachNodeForm::output(FILE *fp) {
  fprintf(fp,"\nMachNode: %s\n", (_ident?_ident:""));
}

//------------------------------build_predicate--------------------------------
// Build instruction predicates.  If the user uses the same operand name
// twice, we need to check that the operands are pointer-eequivalent in
// the DFA during the labeling process.
Predicate *InstructForm::build_predicate() {
  const int buflen = 1024;
  char buf[buflen], *s=buf;
  Dict names(cmpstr,hashstr,Form::arena);       // Map Names to counts

  MatchNode *mnode =
    strcmp(_matrule->_opType, "Set") ? _matrule : _matrule->_rChild;
  if (mnode != NULL) mnode->count_instr_names(names);

  uint first = 1;
  // Start with the predicate supplied in the .ad file.
  if (_predicate) {
    if (first) first = 0;
    strcpy(s, "("); s += strlen(s);
    strncpy(s, _predicate->_pred, buflen - strlen(s) - 1);
    s += strlen(s);
    strcpy(s, ")"); s += strlen(s);
  }
  for( DictI i(&names); i.test(); ++i ) {
    uintptr_t cnt = (uintptr_t)i._value;
    if( cnt > 1 ) {             // Need a predicate at all?
      int path_bitmask = 0;
      assert( cnt == 2, "Unimplemented" );
      // Handle many pairs
      if( first ) first=0;
      else {                    // All tests must pass, so use '&&'
        strcpy(s," && ");
        s += strlen(s);
      }
      // Add predicate to working buffer
      sprintf(s,"/*%s*/(",(char*)i._key);
      s += strlen(s);
      mnode->build_instr_pred(s,(char*)i._key, 0, path_bitmask, 0);
      s += strlen(s);
      strcpy(s," == "); s += strlen(s);
      mnode->build_instr_pred(s,(char*)i._key, 1, path_bitmask, 0);
      s += strlen(s);
      strcpy(s,")"); s += strlen(s);
    }
  }
  if( s == buf ) s = NULL;
  else {
    assert( strlen(buf) < sizeof(buf), "String buffer overflow" );
    s = strdup(buf);
  }
  return new Predicate(s);
}

//------------------------------EncodeForm-------------------------------------
// Constructor
EncodeForm::EncodeForm()
  : _encClass(cmpstr,hashstr, Form::arena) {
}
EncodeForm::~EncodeForm() {
}

// record a new register class
EncClass *EncodeForm::add_EncClass(const char *className) {
  EncClass *encClass = new EncClass(className);
  _eclasses.addName(className);
  _encClass.Insert(className,encClass);
  return encClass;
}

// Lookup the function body for an encoding class
EncClass  *EncodeForm::encClass(const char *className) {
  assert( className != NULL, "Must provide a defined encoding name");

  EncClass *encClass = (EncClass*)_encClass[className];
  return encClass;
}

// Lookup the function body for an encoding class
const char *EncodeForm::encClassBody(const char *className) {
  if( className == NULL ) return NULL;

  EncClass *encClass = (EncClass*)_encClass[className];
  assert( encClass != NULL, "Encode Class is missing.");
  encClass->_code.reset();
  const char *code = (const char*)encClass->_code.iter();
  assert( code != NULL, "Found an empty encode class body.");

  return code;
}

// Lookup the function body for an encoding class
const char *EncodeForm::encClassPrototype(const char *className) {
  assert( className != NULL, "Encode class name must be non NULL.");

  return className;
}

void EncodeForm::dump() {                  // Debug printer
  output(stderr);
}

void EncodeForm::output(FILE *fp) {          // Write info to output files
  const char *name;
  fprintf(fp,"\n");
  fprintf(fp,"-------------------- Dump EncodeForm --------------------\n");
  for (_eclasses.reset(); (name = _eclasses.iter()) != NULL;) {
    ((EncClass*)_encClass[name])->output(fp);
  }
  fprintf(fp,"-------------------- end EncodeForm --------------------\n");
}
//------------------------------EncClass---------------------------------------
EncClass::EncClass(const char *name)
  : _localNames(cmpstr,hashstr, Form::arena), _name(name) {
}
EncClass::~EncClass() {
}

// Add a parameter <type,name> pair
void EncClass::add_parameter(const char *parameter_type, const char *parameter_name) {
  _parameter_type.addName( parameter_type );
  _parameter_name.addName( parameter_name );
}

// Verify operand types in parameter list
bool EncClass::check_parameter_types(FormDict &globals) {
  // !!!!!
  return false;
}

// Add the decomposed "code" sections of an encoding's code-block
void EncClass::add_code(const char *code) {
  _code.addName(code);
}

// Add the decomposed "replacement variables" of an encoding's code-block
void EncClass::add_rep_var(char *replacement_var) {
  _code.addName(NameList::_signal);
  _rep_vars.addName(replacement_var);
}

// Lookup the function body for an encoding class
int EncClass::rep_var_index(const char *rep_var) {
  uint        position = 0;
  const char *name     = NULL;

  _parameter_name.reset();
  while ( (name = _parameter_name.iter()) != NULL ) {
    if ( strcmp(rep_var,name) == 0 ) return position;
    ++position;
  }

  return -1;
}

// Check after parsing
bool EncClass::verify() {
  // 1!!!!
  // Check that each replacement variable, '$name' in architecture description
  // is actually a local variable for this encode class, or a reserved name
  // "primary, secondary, tertiary"
  return true;
}

void EncClass::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

// Write info to output files
void EncClass::output(FILE *fp) {
  fprintf(fp,"EncClass: %s", (_name ? _name : ""));

  // Output the parameter list
  _parameter_type.reset();
  _parameter_name.reset();
  const char *type = _parameter_type.iter();
  const char *name = _parameter_name.iter();
  fprintf(fp, " ( ");
  for ( ; (type != NULL) && (name != NULL);
        (type = _parameter_type.iter()), (name = _parameter_name.iter()) ) {
    fprintf(fp, " %s %s,", type, name);
  }
  fprintf(fp, " ) ");

  // Output the code block
  _code.reset();
  _rep_vars.reset();
  const char *code;
  while ( (code = _code.iter()) != NULL ) {
    if ( _code.is_signal(code) ) {
      // A replacement variable
      const char *rep_var = _rep_vars.iter();
      fprintf(fp,"($%s)", rep_var);
    } else {
      // A section of code
      fprintf(fp,"%s", code);
    }
  }

}

//------------------------------Opcode-----------------------------------------
Opcode::Opcode(char *primary, char *secondary, char *tertiary)
  : _primary(primary), _secondary(secondary), _tertiary(tertiary) {
}

Opcode::~Opcode() {
}

Opcode::opcode_type Opcode::as_opcode_type(const char *param) {
  if( strcmp(param,"primary") == 0 ) {
    return Opcode::PRIMARY;
  }
  else if( strcmp(param,"secondary") == 0 ) {
    return Opcode::SECONDARY;
  }
  else if( strcmp(param,"tertiary") == 0 ) {
    return Opcode::TERTIARY;
  }
  return Opcode::NOT_AN_OPCODE;
}

bool Opcode::print_opcode(FILE *fp, Opcode::opcode_type desired_opcode) {
  // Default values previously provided by MachNode::primary()...
  const char *description = NULL;
  const char *value       = NULL;
  // Check if user provided any opcode definitions
  // Update 'value' if user provided a definition in the instruction
  switch (desired_opcode) {
  case PRIMARY:
    description = "primary()";
    if( _primary   != NULL)  { value = _primary;     }
    break;
  case SECONDARY:
    description = "secondary()";
    if( _secondary != NULL ) { value = _secondary;   }
    break;
  case TERTIARY:
    description = "tertiary()";
    if( _tertiary  != NULL ) { value = _tertiary;    }
    break;
  default:
    assert( false, "ShouldNotReachHere();");
    break;
  }

  if (value != NULL) {
    fprintf(fp, "(%s /*%s*/)", value, description);
  }
  return value != NULL;
}

void Opcode::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

// Write info to output files
void Opcode::output(FILE *fp) {
  if (_primary   != NULL) fprintf(fp,"Primary opcode: %s\n", _primary);
  if (_secondary != NULL) fprintf(fp,"Secondary opcode: %s\n", _secondary);
  if (_tertiary  != NULL) fprintf(fp,"Tertiary opcode: %s\n", _tertiary);
}

//------------------------------InsEncode--------------------------------------
InsEncode::InsEncode() {
}
InsEncode::~InsEncode() {
}

// Add "encode class name" and its parameters
NameAndList *InsEncode::add_encode(char *encoding) {
  assert( encoding != NULL, "Must provide name for encoding");

  // add_parameter(NameList::_signal);
  NameAndList *encode = new NameAndList(encoding);
  _encoding.addName((char*)encode);

  return encode;
}

// Access the list of encodings
void InsEncode::reset() {
  _encoding.reset();
  // _parameter.reset();
}
const char* InsEncode::encode_class_iter() {
  NameAndList  *encode_class = (NameAndList*)_encoding.iter();
  return  ( encode_class != NULL ? encode_class->name() : NULL );
}
// Obtain parameter name from zero based index
const char *InsEncode::rep_var_name(InstructForm &inst, uint param_no) {
  NameAndList *params = (NameAndList*)_encoding.current();
  assert( params != NULL, "Internal Error");
  const char *param = (*params)[param_no];

  // Remove '$' if parser placed it there.
  return ( param != NULL && *param == '$') ? (param+1) : param;
}

void InsEncode::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

// Write info to output files
void InsEncode::output(FILE *fp) {
  NameAndList *encoding  = NULL;
  const char  *parameter = NULL;

  fprintf(fp,"InsEncode: ");
  _encoding.reset();

  while ( (encoding = (NameAndList*)_encoding.iter()) != 0 ) {
    // Output the encoding being used
    fprintf(fp,"%s(", encoding->name() );

    // Output its parameter list, if any
    bool first_param = true;
    encoding->reset();
    while (  (parameter = encoding->iter()) != 0 ) {
      // Output the ',' between parameters
      if ( ! first_param )  fprintf(fp,", ");
      first_param = false;
      // Output the parameter
      fprintf(fp,"%s", parameter);
    } // done with parameters
    fprintf(fp,") ");
  } // done with encodings

  fprintf(fp,"\n");
}

//------------------------------Effect-----------------------------------------
static int effect_lookup(const char *name) {
  if (!strcmp(name, "USE")) return Component::USE;
  if (!strcmp(name, "DEF")) return Component::DEF;
  if (!strcmp(name, "USE_DEF")) return Component::USE_DEF;
  if (!strcmp(name, "KILL")) return Component::KILL;
  if (!strcmp(name, "USE_KILL")) return Component::USE_KILL;
  if (!strcmp(name, "TEMP")) return Component::TEMP;
  if (!strcmp(name, "TEMP_DEF")) return Component::TEMP_DEF;
  if (!strcmp(name, "INVALID")) return Component::INVALID;
  if (!strcmp(name, "CALL")) return Component::CALL;
  assert(false,"Invalid effect name specified\n");
  return Component::INVALID;
}

const char *Component::getUsedefName() {
  switch (_usedef) {
    case Component::INVALID:  return "INVALID";  break;
    case Component::USE:      return "USE";      break;
    case Component::USE_DEF:  return "USE_DEF";  break;
    case Component::USE_KILL: return "USE_KILL"; break;
    case Component::KILL:     return "KILL";     break;
    case Component::TEMP:     return "TEMP";     break;
    case Component::TEMP_DEF: return "TEMP_DEF"; break;
    case Component::DEF:      return "DEF";      break;
    case Component::CALL:     return "CALL";     break;
    default: assert(false, "unknown effect");
  }
  return "Undefined Use/Def info";
}

Effect::Effect(const char *name) : _name(name), _use_def(effect_lookup(name)) {
  _ftype = Form::EFF;
}

Effect::~Effect() {
}

// Dynamic type check
Effect *Effect::is_effect() const {
  return (Effect*)this;
}

// True if this component is equal to the parameter.
bool Effect::is(int use_def_kill_enum) const {
  return (_use_def == use_def_kill_enum ? true : false);
}
// True if this component is used/def'd/kill'd as the parameter suggests.
bool Effect::isa(int use_def_kill_enum) const {
  return (_use_def & use_def_kill_enum) == use_def_kill_enum;
}

void Effect::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

void Effect::output(FILE *fp) {          // Write info to output files
  fprintf(fp,"Effect: %s\n", (_name?_name:""));
}

//------------------------------ExpandRule-------------------------------------
ExpandRule::ExpandRule() : _expand_instrs(),
                           _newopconst(cmpstr, hashstr, Form::arena) {
  _ftype = Form::EXP;
}

ExpandRule::~ExpandRule() {                  // Destructor
}

void ExpandRule::add_instruction(NameAndList *instruction_name_and_operand_list) {
  _expand_instrs.addName((char*)instruction_name_and_operand_list);
}

void ExpandRule::reset_instructions() {
  _expand_instrs.reset();
}

NameAndList* ExpandRule::iter_instructions() {
  return (NameAndList*)_expand_instrs.iter();
}

void ExpandRule::dump() {
  output(stderr);
}

void ExpandRule::output(FILE *fp) {         // Write info to output files
  NameAndList *expand_instr = NULL;
  const char *opid = NULL;

  fprintf(fp,"\nExpand Rule:\n");

  // Iterate over the instructions 'node' expands into
  for(reset_instructions(); (expand_instr = iter_instructions()) != NULL; ) {
    fprintf(fp,"%s(", expand_instr->name());

    // iterate over the operand list
    for( expand_instr->reset(); (opid = expand_instr->iter()) != NULL; ) {
      fprintf(fp,"%s ", opid);
    }
    fprintf(fp,");\n");
  }
}

//------------------------------RewriteRule------------------------------------
RewriteRule::RewriteRule(char* params, char* block)
--> --------------------

--> maximum size reached

--> --------------------

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